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All 8 questions answered. Here's a quick overview of what's covered:
Summary of All Answers
| Q | Topic | Key Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toxic MNG | Dx: Plummer's disease; DDx: Graves', solitary adenoma, carcinoma; Ix: TFTs, US, MIBI scan, FNAC; Rx: euthyroid → total thyroidectomy; Complications: thyroid storm, RLN injury, hypocalcaemia, hypothyroidism |
| 2 | Primary HPT | Adenoma 85–95%; Cyclin D1/MEN1 mutations; "Bones, Stones, Groans"; MIBI + US; Surgery = parathyroidectomy; Post-op: hungry bone syndrome |
| 3 | Adrenal anatomy | 3-zone cortex + medulla; 3 arteries, 1 vein each side; Right adrenal vein → IVC (danger!); Phaeo surgery: vein first, alpha-block pre-op |
| 4 | Surgical audit | 5-step audit cycle; Types: process/outcome/structure; M&M meetings; Close the loop |
| 5 | Thyroid swellings | Iodine deficiency → most common; Graves'/Hashimoto's; Classification diagram (pathology/function/structure); WHO grading |
| 6 | Hand fascial planes | Thenar/midpalmar spaces; Kanavel's 4 signs of tenosynovitis; Paronychia/felon/horseshoe abscess; Urgent surgical drainage for tenosynovitis |
| 7 | Burns | Rule of Nines; Depth classification; Parkland formula (4 mL × kg × %TBSA); 50:50 rule; Silver sulfadiazine; Early excision + STSG |
| 8 | Keloid vs HTS | Keloid crosses wound margins, doesn't regress, high recurrence; HTS regresses, stays in boundary; Treatment: steroids + silicone ± radiation |
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