Here are some solid options near you on Market Street and within easy walking distance, based on what you're looking for - good quality at value prices:
Walking Distance from Market St
1. Club Monaco - 865 Market St (inside Westfield San Francisco Centre)
Quality basics and elevated essentials at a notch above Zara but without luxury pricing. Think clean cuts, good fabrics. More polished than Zara, and their sale racks are worth checking. Great for basics that last.
2. OAK + FORT - 865 Market St (also inside Westfield SF Centre)
Minimal, thoughtfully designed pieces. Quality-to-price ratio is genuinely good - they focus on fabric and fit over branding. Very comparable to what you'd want from Zara but better construction.
3. Uniqlo - 111 Powell St (2 min walk)
This is probably your best bet honestly. Japanese basics brand - LifeWear philosophy, excellent fabric quality (especially their HEATTECH, Supima cotton, and AIRism lines), and prices are very reasonable compared to what you'd pay in India. Much better quality per dollar than Zara. They do basics extremely well.
4. H&M - 150 Powell St / nearby Union Square area
More value-oriented than Zara, and quality is comparable. Good for trendy pieces without the price markup.
5. Banana Republic (Union Square area)
A step up in quality from Zara - better fabrics, longer-lasting clothes. Worth it if you catch a sale (they frequently run 40-50% off).
Best Bet for You
Given your context - coming from India, finding Zara US prices steep, unhappy with Ross quality - Uniqlo on Powell St is the strongest recommendation. It's 2 minutes away, the quality is noticeably better than both Zara and Ross, and the prices are fair. Their basics (T-shirts, Oxford shirts, trousers, denim) hold up far better than fast fashion equivalents.
If you want something a bit more stylish/trendy without sacrificing quality, head upstairs in Westfield Centre to OAK + FORT or Club Monaco.