# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table, TableStyle, PageBreak, HRFlowable
)
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

title_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "TitleStyle", parent=styles["Title"], fontSize=20, textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a3c5e"),
    spaceAfter=4, alignment=TA_CENTER
)
subtitle_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "SubtitleStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=10.5, textColor=colors.HexColor("#555555"),
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=14
)
section_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "SectionStyle", parent=styles["Heading2"], fontSize=13.5, textColor=colors.white,
    backColor=colors.HexColor("#2f6690"), leftIndent=6, spaceBefore=2, spaceAfter=0,
    borderPadding=(6, 6, 6, 6)
)
label_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "LabelStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=9.5, textColor=colors.HexColor("#2f6690"),
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", spaceBefore=6, spaceAfter=2
)
body_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "BodyStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=9.5, leading=13, textColor=colors.HexColor("#222222")
)
cite_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "CiteStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=7.8, leading=10, textColor=colors.HexColor("#888888"),
    spaceBefore=3, fontName="Helvetica-Oblique"
)
warn_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "WarnStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=9, leading=12.5, textColor=colors.HexColor("#7a1f1f"),
)
disclaimer_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "DisclaimerStyle", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=8.5, leading=12, textColor=colors.HexColor("#444444"),
)

def section_block(name, features, treatment, notes, citation):
    elems = []
    elems.append(Paragraph(name, section_style))
    elems.append(Spacer(1, 6))
    elems.append(Paragraph("Key Features", label_style))
    elems.append(Paragraph(features, body_style))
    elems.append(Paragraph("First-Line Topical Treatment", label_style))
    elems.append(Paragraph(treatment, body_style))
    if notes:
        elems.append(Paragraph("Notes / When to Escalate", label_style))
        elems.append(Paragraph(notes, body_style))
    elems.append(Paragraph(citation, cite_style))
    elems.append(Spacer(1, 10))
    return elems

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    "/tmp/workspace/rash-guide/output/Common_Rashes_Quick_Reference_Guide.pdf",
    pagesize=A4,
    topMargin=1.6*cm, bottomMargin=1.6*cm, leftMargin=1.8*cm, rightMargin=1.8*cm,
    title="Quick Reference: Common Rashes & Topical Treatments"
)

elements = []

elements.append(Paragraph("Quick Reference Guide", title_style))
elements.append(Paragraph("Common Rashes and Their Topical Treatments", subtitle_style))
elements.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.HexColor("#2f6690")))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 10))

intro = ("This guide summarizes common causes of skin rashes and standard first-line topical "
         "treatments, compiled from dermatology and internal medicine references. It is intended as a "
         "quick clinical refresher, not a substitute for individual patient assessment. Always confirm "
         "diagnosis and dosing against local guidelines and the patient's full history before treating.")
elements.append(Paragraph(intro, body_style))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 14))

# 1. Miliaria
elements += section_block(
    "1. Heat Rash / Miliaria (Prickly Heat)",
    "Small, discrete, itchy red papulovesicles from blocked eccrine sweat ducts; worse in hot/humid "
    "conditions; common on trunk, antecubital/popliteal fossae, inframammary and inguinal folds.",
    "Usually self-limited – no active drug needed. Cool, dry environment; loose cotton clothing; "
    "calamine lotion or a light zinc oxide lotion for symptomatic relief; cool compresses.",
    "If pustular or persistent, consider secondary infection or an underlying occlusive dermatitis.",
    "- Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 869-895"
)

# 2. Urticaria
elements += section_block(
    "2. Urticaria (Hives)",
    "Raised, itchy, blanching wheals that are transient (each lesion resolves within 24 h); may be "
    "triggered by allergy, infection, physical stimuli (cold, pressure, sun), or be idiopathic/chronic.",
    "Second-generation oral H1-antihistamine (e.g. cetirizine, loratadine) as first line – can be "
    "up-dosed up to 4x if inadequate response. Cool compresses/calamine lotion for symptomatic relief. "
    "Avoid known triggers.",
    "Refer urgently if angioedema, facial/tongue swelling, breathing difficulty, or systemic symptoms "
    "(anaphylaxis) – this needs emergency treatment, not topical care.",
    "- Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, p. 1086, 6037-6041; Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 3163-3165"
)

# 3. Contact dermatitis
elements += section_block(
    "3. Contact Dermatitis (Irritant / Allergic)",
    "Red, itchy, sometimes vesicular or scaly rash at the site of contact with an irritant or allergen "
    "(soap, detergent, nickel, cosmetics, plants); sharply demarcated to the exposure area.",
    "Identify and remove the offending agent. Mid-potency topical corticosteroid short course for "
    "inflamed areas; bland emollient to restore barrier; topical calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus) as "
    "a steroid-sparing option for sensitive areas or resistant cases.",
    "Patch testing if recurrent/unclear allergen; avoid prolonged potent steroid use on face/flexures.",
    "- Dermatology 2-Volume Set 5e, p. 3634-3636; Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 2551-2560"
)

# 4. Atopic dermatitis
elements += section_block(
    "4. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)",
    "Chronic, relapsing, intensely itchy, dry, scaly patches, typically in flexures (antecubital/"
    "popliteal fossae) in older children/adults, face/extensors in infants.",
    "Liberal bland emollients applied after bathing (mainstay). Topical corticosteroid (low-to-moderate "
    "potency) for flares. Topical calcineurin inhibitors (pimecrolimus, tacrolimus) for maintenance or "
    "sensitive areas. Soap substitutes; lukewarm baths.",
    "Consider secondary infection if weeping/crusted; refer if not controlled on standard topical "
    "regimen or if extensive.",
    "- Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 2813; Fitzpatrick's Dermatology (References)"
)

# 5. Scabies
elements += section_block(
    "5. Scabies",
    "Intensely pruritic (worse at night) papules/burrows, classically in finger webs, wrists, axillae, "
    "groin, waistline; household/close contacts often also affected.",
    "Topical permethrin 5% cream is first-line – apply to entire body (neck down, or including "
    "face/scalp in infants), leave 8-14 h, then wash off; repeat after 1 week to cover the egg cycle. "
    "Oral ivermectin is an alternative/adjunct, especially for crusted scabies.",
    "Treat all household/close contacts simultaneously; wash bedding/clothing in hot water. Crusted "
    "scabies needs combined topical + oral therapy and specialist input.",
    "- Red Book 2021 (AAP), p. 1850-1853; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E, p. 2266-2268; "
    "Dermatology 2-Volume Set 5e, p. 3772-3777"
)

# 6. Folliculitis
elements += section_block(
    "6. Folliculitis",
    "Pustules/papules centered on hair follicles – scalp, back, legs, buttocks, arms; commonly "
    "S. aureus (bacterial), Malassezia (fungal/yeast), or \"hot tub\" Pseudomonas folliculitis.",
    "Warm compresses; topical antiseptic (chlorhexidine) or topical antibiotic (e.g. clindamycin/"
    "mupirocin) for bacterial folliculitis. Topical antifungal for Malassezia/fungal folliculitis. Hot "
    "tub folliculitis often self-resolves.",
    "Consider oral antibiotics if extensive, recurrent, or in immunocompromised/diabetic patients; "
    "furuncles/carbuncles may need drainage.",
    "- Textbook of Family Medicine 9e, p. 3885; ROSEN's Emergency Medicine, p. 817-819; Roberts and "
    "Hedges' Clinical Procedures, p. 3689-3694"
)

elements.append(PageBreak())

# 7. Tinea
elements += section_block(
    "7. Tinea (Ringworm / Jock Itch / Athlete's Foot)",
    "Annular, scaly, itchy plaques with central clearing and an active, slightly raised border; named "
    "by site – corporis (body), cruris (groin), pedis (feet).",
    "Topical antifungal – terbinafine, naftifine, luliconazole, miconazole, or clotrimazole cream "
    "applied once or twice daily for 2-4 weeks depending on agent. Keep area dry; avoid occlusive "
    "clothing.",
    "If widespread, involves scalp/nails, or fails topical therapy, oral antifungal therapy is needed.",
    "- Red Book 2021, p. 668-676, 711-758; Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 16E, p. 3816-3817; "
    "Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, p. 3310"
)

# 8. Insect bites
elements += section_block(
    "8. Insect Bites / Papular Urticaria",
    "Grouped, itchy, red papules (sometimes with a central punctum) at exposed sites; may show an "
    "\"insect bite-like\" reaction pattern; secondary excoriation and infection possible.",
    "Cool compresses; calamine lotion or menthol-containing lotion for itch; short course topical "
    "corticosteroid for marked inflammation; oral antihistamine for pruritus.",
    "Treat secondary bacterial infection (impetiginization/ecthyma) with topical or oral antibiotics if "
    "present.",
    "- Dermatology 2-Volume Set 5e, p. 4702; Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 55-58"
)

# 9. Psoriasis
elements += section_block(
    "9. Psoriasis",
    "Well-demarcated, erythematous plaques with silvery scale, typically on scalp, elbows, knees, "
    "sacrum; chronic, relapsing course; nail pitting may be present.",
    "Topical corticosteroid (potency matched to site/severity) alone or combined with a vitamin D "
    "analogue (e.g. calcipotriol) for mild-moderate disease. Calcineurin inhibitors or lower-potency "
    "steroids for face/flexures/major folds.",
    "Escalate to phototherapy or systemic/biologic therapy if extensive, joint involvement, or "
    "inadequate topical response.",
    "- Dermatology 2-Volume Set 5e, p. 34, 428-431, 4634; Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, p. 1509-1514"
)

# General notes / red flags
elements.append(Paragraph("General Application Notes", section_style))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 6))
general = (
    "• Apply topical corticosteroids as a thin film only to affected skin; avoid prolonged use on "
    "face, groin, and skin folds without medical supervision.<br/>"
    "&bull; Emollients/moisturizers (e.g. aloe-based creams) can be layered with drying agents like "
    "calamine, but ideally at different times or sites rather than mixed together.<br/>"
    "&bull; Always patch-test a new topical product on a small area before widespread use.<br/>"
    "&bull; Do not apply topical treatments to broken skin, open wounds, or actively infected/oozing "
    "lesions without medical advice."
)
elements.append(Paragraph(general, body_style))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 10))

elements.append(Paragraph("When to Refer / Seek Urgent Care", section_style))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 6))
redflags = (
    "&bull; Fever, breathing difficulty, facial/tongue swelling, or signs of anaphylaxis<br/>"
    "&bull; Rapidly spreading rash, blistering, or skin peeling<br/>"
    "&bull; Rash with severe pain, purulent discharge, or signs of systemic infection<br/>"
    "&bull; No improvement after 5-7 days of appropriate topical treatment, or recurrent episodes<br/>"
    "&bull; Rash in a neonate, immunocompromised patient, or pregnant patient"
)
elements.append(Paragraph(redflags, warn_style))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 14))

elements.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.7, color=colors.HexColor("#aaaaaa")))
elements.append(Spacer(1, 6))
disclaimer = (
    "Disclaimer: This quick reference is a summary compiled from dermatology and internal medicine "
    "textbooks for educational purposes only. It does not replace clinical examination, individualized "
    "diagnosis, or prescribing by a licensed healthcare professional. Drug names, potencies, and "
    "regimens vary by country/formulary &ndash; verify against local guidelines before use."
)
elements.append(Paragraph(disclaimer, disclaimer_style))

doc.build(elements)
print("PDF built successfully.")