Answer
The image shows two exam questions about reverse pharmacology. Here are the answers:
Q-25: Intellectual property issues in reverse pharmacology are important because:
(B) They Help In Protecting The Commercial Interests Of Traditional Knowledge Holders And Researchers ✓ (already selected - correct)
Why: Reverse pharmacology starts from traditional/ethnomedicinal knowledge. IP issues matter because:
- Traditional knowledge holders (communities, indigenous groups) need protection from biopiracy
- Researchers and institutions need patent protection for their innovations derived from that knowledge
- It ensures fair benefit-sharing (as outlined in the Nagoya Protocol / Convention on Biological Diversity)
Options A, C, D are clearly wrong - IP does NOT prevent research, IS relevant to drug discovery, and applies to naturally-derived compounds (not just synthetic ones).
Q-26: In reverse pharmacology, the "proof of concept" phase involves:
(B) Initial Evidence Demonstrating A Biological Rationale For Further Development ✓ (already selected - correct)
Why: In the reverse pharmacology pipeline:
- Leads from traditional use (clinical/ethnobotanical observations)
- Proof of concept - generating initial biological/pharmacological evidence that the lead has a plausible mechanism and merit for further study (e.g., in vitro data, early safety signals)
- Pre-clinical and clinical development
It is NOT about commercial viability (A), large-scale manufacturing (C), or disproving efficacy (D) - those belong to later or unrelated stages.
Both selected answers (B) for Q-25 and (B) for Q-26 are correct.
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