Parotid Gland vs. Sublingual Gland - 5-Point Comparison

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4, landscape
from reportlab.platypus import SimpleDocTemplate, Table, TableStyle, Paragraph, Spacer
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT

output_path = "/home/daytona/workspace/salivary-gland-chart/Parotid_vs_Sublingual_Gland.pdf"

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    output_path,
    pagesize=landscape(A4),
    rightMargin=1.5*cm,
    leftMargin=1.5*cm,
    topMargin=1.5*cm,
    bottomMargin=1.5*cm,
)

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

title_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "Title",
    parent=styles["Heading1"],
    fontSize=18,
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a3c5e"),
    alignment=TA_CENTER,
    spaceAfter=10,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
)

subtitle_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "Subtitle",
    parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=10,
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#555555"),
    alignment=TA_CENTER,
    spaceAfter=16,
    fontName="Helvetica-Oblique",
)

cell_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "Cell",
    parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=9,
    leading=13,
    fontName="Helvetica",
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a1a1a"),
)

header_cell_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "HeaderCell",
    parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=10,
    leading=14,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
    textColor=colors.white,
    alignment=TA_CENTER,
)

param_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "Param",
    parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=9.5,
    leading=13,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a3c5e"),
    alignment=TA_LEFT,
)

def p(text, style=cell_style):
    return Paragraph(text, style)

# Table data
data = [
    # Header row
    [
        p("Parameter", header_cell_style),
        p("Parotid Gland", header_cell_style),
        p("Sublingual Gland", header_cell_style),
    ],
    # Row 1 - Histology
    [
        p("<b>1. Histology</b><br/>(Type of Secretion)", param_style),
        p("<b>Purely serous</b> gland<br/>"
          "• Only serous acini — no mucous acini<br/>"
          "• Adipose cells commonly interspersed (distinguishing feature)<br/>"
          "• Well-developed <b>striated ducts</b> with prominent basal infoldings<br/>"
          "• Long intercalated ducts present<br/>"
          "• Zymogen (secretory) granules visible in acinar cells"),
        p("<b>Predominantly mucous</b> (seromucous) gland<br/>"
          "• Mucous acini predominate; serous cells appear as <b>demilunes</b><br/>"
          "• Purely serous acini rarely present<br/>"
          "• No prominent adipose tissue<br/>"
          "• Intralobular ducts <b>lack extensive basal infoldings</b> — not true striated ducts<br/>"
          "• Short/nearly absent intercalated ducts"),
    ],
    # Row 2 - Location
    [
        p("<b>2. Location</b>", param_style),
        p("<b>Largest</b> salivary gland (~20–30 g)<br/>"
          "• Lies <b>anterior to and below the external ear</b>, in a triangular fossa<br/>"
          "• Bounded by: SCM (behind), ramus of mandible (front), EAM + zygomatic arch (above)<br/>"
          "• Parotid (Stensen's) duct opens opposite the <b>2nd upper molar tooth</b><br/>"
          "• Facial nerve [VII], ext. carotid artery, retromandibular vein pass <b>through</b> it"),
        p("<b>Smallest</b> salivary gland (~3–4 g, almond-shaped)<br/>"
          "• Lies in the <b>floor of the mouth</b>, beneath the oral mucosa<br/>"
          "• Rests in the sublingual fossa of the mandible near the symphysis<br/>"
          "• Mylohyoid muscle below; genioglossus medially<br/>"
          "• 8–20 ducts of Rivinus open on the sublingual fold; occasionally form Bartholin's duct"),
    ],
    # Row 3 - Parasympathetic nerve supply
    [
        p("<b>3. Parasympathetic<br/>Nerve Supply</b>", param_style),
        p("<b>Inferior salivatory nucleus</b> (medulla oblongata)<br/>"
          "• Preganglionic: CN IX (glossopharyngeal) → Jacobson's nerve → tympanic plexus → <b>lesser petrosal nerve</b><br/>"
          "• Exits skull via <b>foramen ovale</b><br/>"
          "• Synapse in <b>otic ganglion</b><br/>"
          "• Postganglionic fibers travel with <b>auriculotemporal nerve</b> (V3) to parotid"),
        p("<b>Superior salivatory nucleus</b> (pons)<br/>"
          "• Preganglionic: CN VII → nervus intermedius → <b>chorda tympani</b><br/>"
          "• Exits skull via <b>petrotympanic fissure</b><br/>"
          "• Carried by <b>lingual nerve</b> (V3) to synapse in <b>submandibular ganglion</b><br/>"
          "• Postganglionic fibers innervate the sublingual gland directly"),
    ],
    # Row 4 - Sympathetic nerve supply
    [
        p("<b>4. Sympathetic<br/>Nerve Supply</b>", param_style),
        p("<b>Superior cervical ganglion</b><br/>"
          "• Postganglionic fibers travel via the <b>external carotid plexus</b><br/>"
          "• Effect: vasoconstriction; thick, scanty secretion<br/>"
          "• Neurotransmitter: noradrenaline"),
        p("<b>Superior cervical ganglion</b><br/>"
          "• Postganglionic fibers via <b>external carotid plexus</b> (facial artery branch)<br/>"
          "• Same effect: vasoconstriction; reduces secretion<br/>"
          "• (Both glands share the same sympathetic origin)"),
    ],
    # Row 5 - Additional features
    [
        p("<b>5. Additional<br/>Distinguishing Features</b>", param_style),
        p("<b>Capsule:</b> Well-defined fibrous capsule (deep cervical fascia)<br/>"
          "<b>Facial nerve:</b> Passes through and divides inside — surgically significant<br/>"
          "<b>Lymph nodes:</b> Intraglandular + periglandular nodes present<br/>"
          "<b>Saliva:</b> Watery, enzyme-rich; high <b>amylase</b> content<br/>"
          "<b>Common pathology:</b> Mumps, Stensen's duct calculi, pleomorphic adenoma"),
        p("<b>Capsule:</b> <b>No true capsule</b> — lies directly under oral mucosa<br/>"
          "<b>Facial nerve:</b> No major nerve passes through it<br/>"
          "<b>Lymph nodes:</b> None within the gland<br/>"
          "<b>Saliva:</b> Thick, mucous; relatively low amylase<br/>"
          "<b>Common pathology:</b> Ranula (mucous retention cyst from duct obstruction)"),
    ],
]

# Column widths: param | parotid | sublingual
col_widths = [4.5*cm, 12.5*cm, 12.5*cm]

table = Table(data, colWidths=col_widths, repeatRows=1)

HEADER_BG   = colors.HexColor("#1a3c5e")
ROW_ODD     = colors.HexColor("#f0f5fa")
ROW_EVEN    = colors.white
ACCENT      = colors.HexColor("#2e6da4")
BORDER      = colors.HexColor("#b0c4de")
PARAM_BG    = colors.HexColor("#dce8f5")

table_style = TableStyle([
    # Header
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  HEADER_BG),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",     (0,0), (-1,0),  colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",      (0,0), (-1,0),  "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",      (0,0), (-1,0),  11),
    ("ALIGN",         (0,0), (-1,0),  "CENTER"),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,0),  "MIDDLE"),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,0),  10),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,0),  10),

    # Parameter column background
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,1), (0,-1),  PARAM_BG),

    # Alternating row colors for parotid/sublingual cols
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1,1), (2,1),   ROW_ODD),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1,2), (2,2),   ROW_EVEN),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1,3), (2,3),   ROW_ODD),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1,4), (2,4),   ROW_EVEN),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1,5), (2,5),   ROW_ODD),

    # Grid
    ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, BORDER),
    ("LINEBELOW",     (0,0), (-1,0),  2,   ACCENT),

    # Padding
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,1), (-1,-1), 7),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,1), (-1,-1), 7),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),

    # Vertical align
    ("VALIGN",        (0,1), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
])

table.setStyle(table_style)

story = [
    Paragraph("Parotid Gland vs. Sublingual Gland", title_style),
    Paragraph("Comparison: Histology · Location · Nerve Supply", subtitle_style),
    table,
    Spacer(1, 0.4*cm),
    Paragraph(
        "Sources: Histology A Text and Atlas (Gartner) · Gray's Anatomy for Students · "
        "Cummings Otolaryngology · Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology",
        ParagraphStyle("Footer", parent=styles["Normal"], fontSize=7,
                       textColor=colors.grey, alignment=TA_CENTER)
    ),
]

doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF created: {output_path}")