book_title | section_heading | file_path | line_start | line_end | snippet -----------+-----------------+-----------+------------+----------+--------- Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set, 10e | PREOXYGENATION | /textbooks/9780323935920/9780323935920_block16.md | 1367 | 1374 | ...An end-tidal concentration of oxygen greater than 90% is considered to maximize >>>safe apnea time<<<. With maximal preoxygenation, the time to oxyhemoglobin desaturation below 80% can vary from 9 minutes in a healthy, nonobese adult to 3 minutes or... Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set, 10e | APNEIC OXYGENATION | /textbooks/9780323935920/9780323935920_block16.md | 1382 | 1390 | ...Assuming the airway is patent, and oxygen is insufflated through the nose and/or mouth, oxygenation occurs, prolonging >>>safe apnea time<<< beyond that of standard face mask preoxygenation.71 Oxygen can be insufflated at up to 15 L/min with... Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set, 10e | Lung Volumes | /textbooks/9780323935920/9780323935920_block24.md | 1816 | 1822 | ...Preoxygenation before general anesthesia is critical for patient safety to mitigate these physiologic changes and increase >>>apnea time<<<. Preoxygenation with inhalation of 100% O2 with a goal of >>>end-tidal oxygen<<< fraction greater than 0.9 is recommended (can usually... Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine A Comprehensive Study | PREOXYGENATION | /textbooks/9781260019933/9781260019933_block3.md | 923 | 925 | ...In the healthy operating room patient, preoxygenation increases >>>safe apnea time<<< (time to desaturation to <90%) from 1 to 8 minutes. However, in critically ill patients such as those with chest injuries or shock states, >>>safe apnea time<<< is shorter... ROSEN's Emergency medicine Concepts and clinical practice | Rapid Sequence Intubation | /textbooks/9780323757898/9780323757898_block1.md | 424 | 425 | ...Inevitable room air entrainment resulted in a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of only 65% and an >>>end-tidal oxygen<<< level (>>>ETO2<<<) of only 50% to 60% with this approach. Administration of flush-rate oxygen (40 to 70 L/min... Miller's Anesthesia, 2-Volume Set, 10e | PREOXYGENATION | /textbooks/9780323935920/9780323935920_block16.md | 1366 | 1366 | ...This lengthened >>>safe apnea time<<< provides an improved margin of safety while the anesthesiologist secures the airway and resumes ventilation. Adequate preoxygenation is essential when mask ventilation after the induction of anesthesia is contraindicated or anticipated to be difficult, when... Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine A Comprehensive Study | PHYSIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS | /textbooks/9781260019933/9781260019933_block9.md | 1466 | 1466 | ...This also translates into a reduced oxygen reservoir, which decreases the length of >>>safe apnea time<<< after neuromuscular blockade, even when preoxygenation is optimized. Therefore, be pre-pared to support oxygenation with bag-mask ventilation (BMV) before an intubation attempt... ROSEN's Emergency medicine Concepts and clinical practice | FOUNDATIONS | /textbooks/9780323757898/9780323757898_block29.md | 3567 | 3575 | ...Children are predisposed to respiratory failure due to increased airway resistance (small, compressible airway), low functional residual capacity, high oxygen metabolism, which leads to quicker fatigue, and shorter >>>safe apnea time<<<, with precipitous hypoxia. Clinical presentations of children with upper... Barash, Cullen, and Stoelting’s Clinical Anesthesia, 9e | REFERENCES | /textbooks/9781975199074/9781975199074_block16.md | 444 | 455 | ...High-flow nasal oxygen improves >>>safe apnea time<<< in morbidly obese patients undergoing general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth ROSEN's Emergency medicine Concepts and clinical practice | Rapid Sequence Intubation | /textbooks/9780323757898/9780323757898 [... Output truncated due to length. 68 tokens/264 characters removed ...]