Cutaneous tb latest development
"cutaneous tuberculosis"[MeSH Terms]
cutaneous tuberculosis latest treatment diagnosis 2025 2026
PMID: 40613433
https://nmji.in/cutaneous-tuberculosis-prevention-management…
lupus vulgaris cutaneous tuberculosis skin lesion

This is a high‑resolution clinical photograph of a left auricular skin lesion captured during external examination. Modality: Clinical photography; Technique: digital color image, standard exposure, lateral and frontal views of the pinna encompassing the helix and adjacent antihelix. Anatomical localization: auricle of the external ear, cutaneous layer with involvement of the skin and superficial subcutaneous tissue; no evident deep tissue penetration. Visual features: erythematous to violaceous plaque with irregular, undermined margins, surface scaling, crusting, and mild adjacent erythema; there is subtle cortical lichenification and focal atrophic change along the lesion’s edge; overall appearance suggests a chronic process with slow evolution. Clinical impression: findings are compatible with lupus vulgaris (cutaneous tuberculosis) presenting on the ear, a typically indolent plaque-type lesion that may ulcerate and scar over time. Significance: in TB‑endemic settings, lupus vulgaris should be considered in chronic auricular plaques; correlate with tuberculosis screening (Mantoux or IGRA), histopathology, culture, and PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Differential diagnoses include chronic eczema, discoid lupus erythematosus, granulomatous dermatitis, leprosy, keratoacanthoma. Potential clinical use: educational reference for dermatology, infectious disease, and medical training to recognize auricular lupus vulgaris and guide diagnostic workup and management. Clinical relevance: supports prompt antimicrobial therapy and lesion surveillance strategies.

Clinical photography of a solitary cutaneous lesion on the distal leg consistent with lupus vulgaris (cutaneous tuberculosis). The image depicts a well-demarcated, annular to oval plaque with an erythematous to violaceous border and a central ulceration/crusted necrotic area. Surrounding skin shows coalescing erythema, mild edema, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. The surface center demonstrates crusting and a recessed, necrotic core with surrounding pale tissue, suggesting chronicity. The lesion size appears moderate and border is indurated. The anatomy is the integumentary system focusing on skin of the lower leg; the view is a single external surface close-up, taken in standard lighting without dermoscopic magnification. There is no visible active purulence. The morphological features, such as crusted ulcer with expanded border and plate-like scale, are compatible with lupus vulgaris, a form of cutaneous tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The image emphasizes the chronic, slowly progressive nature and potential for secondary infection. Pathophysiology involves granulomatous inflammation with caseating necrosis; clinically, lupus vulgaris may present with apple-jelly nodules on diascopy, scarring, and deformity if untreated. The diagnostic significance lies in correlating dermatologic findings with microbiologic and histopathology confirmation, guiding antituberculous therapy and public health measures. Potential clinical use: dermatology education, TB cutaneous clinic, differential diagnosis workshops, teledermatology triage.

Clinical photograph of a patient's face in profile, showing a significant skin lesion on the nasal tip and ala, diagnosed as Lupus vulgaris, a form of cutaneous tuberculosis. The lesion presents as a large, erythematous, and violaceous plaque with prominent inflammation. Key morphological features include central ulceration with visible crusting and white scaling, indicating a chronic, destructive process of the nasal tissue. The surrounding skin of the cheek and bridge of the nose shows secondary changes, including diffuse erythema, thickened texture, and scattered hyperpigmented macules. This image serves as an educational example of the progressive and disfiguring nature of chronic cutaneous tuberculosis when it affects the central facial features, highlighting the characteristic 'apple-jelly' nodules (though not viewed under diascopy) and the resulting tissue destruction common in untreated lupus vulgaris.

Clinical photograph of the right forearm of a 17-year-old female showing two distinct dermatological findings. The superior lesion is a 2x1 cm erythematous plaque characteristic of lupus vulgaris (cutaneous tuberculosis). This plaque features irregular, slightly raised borders and a central surface with grayish-white scaling or verrucous texture. Distally, on the lower forearm near the antecubital fossa, there is a secondary 4x2 cm linear hypertrophic scar resulting from previous trauma. The scar exhibits hyperpigmentation, irregular texture, and slight elevation. This image serves as a clinical example of cutaneous tuberculosis arising in a patient with a history of local skin injury, illustrating the chronic inflammatory presentation of lupus vulgaris and its morphological distinction from adjacent cicatricial tissue.
