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KNRUHS MBBS 1st Year Anatomy - Repeated Questions (Previous ~15 Years)

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🧠 HEAD AND NECK

Long Answer Questions (10-12 marks) - Highly Repeated

1. Parotid gland - Describe the parotid gland under the headings: extent, relations, structures passing through it, parotid duct, and applied anatomy. (Almost every alternate year)
2. Triangles of the neck - Describe the posterior triangle of the neck: boundaries, contents, and clinical importance.
3. Thyroid gland - Describe the thyroid gland: relations, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage, and clinical anatomy. (Very frequently repeated)
4. Submandibular gland - Describe the submandibular gland with its relations, duct, and clinical importance.
5. Tongue - Describe the tongue: muscles, nerve supply (motor and sensory), blood supply, lymph drainage, and applied anatomy.
6. Pterygoid muscles / Infratemporal fossa - Contents of the infratemporal fossa; muscles of mastication.
7. Cavernous sinus - Describe the cavernous sinus: situation, relations, communications, tributaries, and clinical significance.
8. Facial nerve (VII) - Describe the facial nerve: course, branches, and applied anatomy. What happens in upper and lower motor neuron lesions?
9. Orbit and its contents / Oculomotor nerve - Eye movements, nerve supply of extraocular muscles.
10. Palatine tonsil - Describe the palatine tonsil: bed, blood supply, nerve supply, lymph drainage, and applied anatomy.

Short Answer Questions (5-7 marks) - Repeated

• Cricothyroid joint and cricothyrotomy
• Internal jugular vein - tributaries and applied anatomy
• Stellate ganglion / Cervical sympathetic chain
• Venous drainage of scalp and its clinical importance (meningitis spread)
• Meckel's cave (trigeminal cave)
• Chorda tympani - course and distribution
• Lymph drainage of the tongue
• Waldeyer's ring
• Submental and submandibular triangles
• Superior orbital fissure - structures passing through it
• Nasal septum - blood supply (Kiesselbach's area / Little's area)
• Eustachian (auditory) tube - anatomy and clinical significance
• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• Ansa cervicalis
• Prevertebral muscles

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🧠 NEUROANATOMY

Long Answer Questions (10-12 marks) - Highly Repeated

1. Pyramidal tract (Corticospinal tract) - Origin, course, decussation, termination, and lesion effects (UMN vs LMN). (Appears almost every year)
2. Cerebellum - Describe the cerebellum: subdivisions, connections (afferent and efferent), blood supply, functions, and effects of cerebellar lesions.
3. Internal capsule - Describe the internal capsule: parts, fibers carried in each part, blood supply, and effects of lesion (capsular hemiplegia). (Very frequently repeated)
4. Thalamus - Describe the thalamus: nuclei, connections, functions, and thalamic syndrome.
5. Hypothalamus - Nuclei, connections, functions, and clinical significance.
6. Medulla oblongata - Structures at the level of the hypoglossal nucleus / olive; blood supply; lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenberg's syndrome).
7. Pons - External features and internal structure.
8. Corpus callosum - Parts, connections, and effects of lesion.
9. Limbic system - Components, connections, and functions.
10. Meninges - Describe the meninges; extradural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces; clinical significance; meningitis.
11. Blood supply of the brain - Circle of Willis; vertebrobasilar system; effects of MCA occlusion.
12. CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) - Production, circulation, absorption, and raised intracranial pressure / hydrocephalus.
13. Spinal cord - Describe the spinal cord in transverse section at cervical level; ascending and descending tracts; blood supply.
14. Lateral geniculate body / Visual pathway - Describe the visual pathway; effects of lesions at different levels.

Short Answer Questions (5-7 marks) - Repeated

• Broca's area and Wernicke's area (speech areas)
• Basal ganglia - components, connections, Parkinson's disease
• Dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
• Spinothalamic tract
• Reticular formation - functions
• Brachial plexus - roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches (also appears in upper limb section)
• Dura mater - folds (falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli) and venous sinuses
• Cerebellar peduncles
• Floor of the 4th ventricle
• Foramen of the skull base and structures passing through them
• Facial colliculus
• Arcuate fasciculus

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🫁 ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Long Answer Questions (10-12 marks) - Highly Repeated

1. Liver - Describe the liver: surfaces, lobes, ligaments, blood supply (hepatic artery + portal vein), biliary apparatus, lymph drainage, and portocaval anastomosis. (Appears almost every year)
2. Kidney - Describe the kidney: relations (anterior and posterior), blood supply, lymph drainage, nerve supply, and applied anatomy (renal calculi, nephrectomy).
3. Ureter - Course, relations, constrictions, blood supply, and applied anatomy (loin-to-groin pain, relation to uterine artery).
4. Portal vein - Formation, tributaries, portocaval anastomoses, and clinical significance (portal hypertension, esophageal varices). (Very repeatedly asked)
5. Inguinal canal - Walls (anterior, posterior, roof, floor), contents, deep and superficial rings, and types of inguinal hernia (direct vs indirect). (Almost every year)
6. Stomach - Relations, blood supply, lymph drainage, nerve supply, and applied anatomy.
7. Duodenum - Parts, relations, blood supply, and clinical anatomy.
8. Uterus - Position, relations, ligaments, blood supply, lymph drainage, and supports (prolapse).
9. Rectum - Relations, peritoneal covering, blood supply, lymph drainage, and applied anatomy.
10. Diaphragm - Openings (aortic, esophageal, caval), structures passing through each, nerve supply, and applied anatomy.
11. Testis and epididymis - Coverings (layers), blood supply, lymph drainage, descent of testis, and cryptorchidism/varicocele.
12. Femoral triangle (sometimes placed in lower limb but often linked to abdomen/pelvis) - Boundaries, contents, femoral sheath, femoral hernia.
13. Pelvic diaphragm (Pelvic floor) - Muscles, nerve supply, supports of uterus, clinical significance (pelvic floor dysfunction).

Short Answer Questions (5-7 marks) - Repeated

• McBurney's point and appendicitis; position of appendix
• Epiploic foramen (Foramen of Winslow) - boundaries and clinical significance
• Greater omentum - attachments and functions
• Mesenteric root
• Hepatorenal pouch (Pouch of Morison)
• Adrenal (suprarenal) glands - relations, blood supply, hormones
• Inferior mesenteric artery - branches
• Superior mesenteric artery - branches and occlusion
• Round ligament of uterus - course and clinical significance
• Ovary - relations, blood supply, lymph drainage
• Broad ligament - layers and contents
• Obturator nerve - origin, course, distribution
• Ilioinguinal nerve
• Cystocele and rectocele (prolapse)
• Perineal body - attachments and clinical importance
• Pouch of Douglas (rectouterine pouch)
• Fascial compartments of the pelvis
• Perineum - urogenital and anal triangles
• Lymph nodes of the pelvis

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⭐ TOP "SURE-SHOT" REPEATS (Appeared 5+ times in 15 years)

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📝 Exam Tips for KNRUHS

1. Always draw labeled diagrams - KNRUHS examiners specifically reward diagrams (transverse section of spinal cord, circle of Willis, inguinal canal cross-section, etc.)
2. Clinical correlations are mandatory - Every long answer should end with applied/clinical anatomy
3. Group A questions (12 marks) are typically descriptive with clinical - always give 3-4 points of applied anatomy
4. Group B questions (7 marks) - concise but complete
5. The exam has 3 sections: General Anatomy/Embryology, Head-Neck & Neuroanatomy, Thorax-Abdomen-Pelvis-Extremities

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Note: This list is compiled from known KNRUHS/NTR UHS examination patterns. For the exact wording and most current pattern, cross-reference with the KNRUHS official previous papers on Scribd or your college question bank. The 2024-2026 papers may have minor format shifts following NMC curriculum updates.

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KNRUHS MBBS 1st Year Anatomy - Repeated Questions 2015-2025

KNRUHS Paper Structure: Anatomy Paper I = General Anatomy + Upper Limb + Lower Limb + Thorax | Anatomy Paper II = Head & Neck + Neuroanatomy + Abdomen & Pelvis

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📌 SECTION 1: HEAD AND NECK

GROUP A - Long Answer Questions (12 marks) - Repeated

GROUP B - Short Answer Questions (7 marks) - Repeated

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📌 SECTION 2: NEUROANATOMY

GROUP A - Long Answer Questions (12 marks) - Repeated

GROUP B - Short Answer Questions (7 marks) - Repeated

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📌 SECTION 3: ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

GROUP A - Long Answer Questions (12 marks) - Repeated

GROUP B - Short Answer Questions (7 marks) - Repeated

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⭐ ABSOLUTE MUST-PREPARE (Appeared in 5+ papers 2015-2025)

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📝 Key Resources for Actual PDFs

• FirstRanker.com - KNRUHS 2012-2026 papers - has Anatomy Paper I & II for 2021, 2022 (March & July), 2023 (Feb), 2024 (Aug & Nov), 2025 (Sep)
• Scribd - KNRUHS Anatomy 13 years - requires Scribd access

The year annotations on individual questions are best estimates based on available NTR UHS/KNRUHS pattern data. For exact wording of each year's paper, download the PDFs from the FirstRanker link above.