"airway management" AND techniques

American Society of Anesthesiologists difficult airway guidelines airway management 2022

upper airway anatomy diagram oral nasal pharynx larynx trachea

oropharyngeal airway insertion technique diagram bag mask ventilation airway management

endotracheal intubation laryngoscopy technique diagram airway management

~/

mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/src" "/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/output" && python - <<'PY' from PIL import Image # no files created here except dirs PY

~/airway-management-ppt/

python - <<'PY' from pathlib import Path p=Path('/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/src/create_deck.py') p.write_text(r'''from pptx import Presentation from pptx.util import Inches, Pt from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE, MSO_CONNECTOR from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR from pptx.enum.dml import MSO_LINE_DASH_STYLE from pptx.oxml.xmlchemy import OxmlElement OUT = '/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/output/Basics_of_Airway_Management.pptx' prs = Presentation(); prs.slide_width=Inches(13.333); prs.slide_height=Inches(7.5) blank=prs.slide_layouts[6] # palette NAVY=RGBColor(13,39,64); BLUE=RGBColor(28,103,150); TEAL=RGBColor(42,153,151) MINT=RGBColor(223,244,239); PALE=RGBColor(242,247,250); INK=RGBColor(30,48,63) MUTED=RGBColor(91,111,127); RED=RGBColor(190,68,63); ORANGE=RGBColor(227,139,55) GOLD=RGBColor(240,190,78); WHITE=RGBColor(255,255,255); GREEN=RGBColor(39,132,97) # functions def fill(shape,color): shape.fill.solid(); shape.fill.fore_color.rgb=color def line(shape,color,width=1.2): shape.line.color.rgb=color; shape.line.width=Pt(width) def no_line(shape): shape.line.fill.background() def rect(slide,x,y,w,h,color,rad=False,ln=None): s=slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE if rad else MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, Inches(x),Inches(y),Inches(w),Inches(h)); fill(s,color) if ln: line(s,ln) else: no_line(s) return s def oval(slide,x,y,w,h,color,ln=None): s=slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.OVAL, Inches(x),Inches(y),Inches(w),Inches(h)); fill(s,color) if ln: line(s,ln) else: no_line(s) return s def text(slide,x,y,w,h,txt,size=18,color=INK,bold=False,align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, font='Aptos', valign=MSO_ANCHOR.TOP): tb=slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)); tf=tb.text_frame; tf.clear(); tf.word_wrap=True tf.margin_left=tf.margin_right=tf.margin_top=tf.margin_bottom=0; tf.vertical_anchor=valign p=tf.paragraphs[0]; p.alignment=align; p.space_after=Pt(0) r=p.add_run(); r.text=txt; r.font.name=font; r.font.size=Pt(size); r.font.bold=bold; r.font.color.rgb=color return tb def rich(slide,x,y,w,h,items,size=16): # items tuples (text,color,bold) paragraphs tb=slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)); tf=tb.text_frame; tf.clear(); tf.word_wrap=True tf.margin_left=tf.margin_right=tf.margin_top=tf.margin_bottom=0 for j,item in enumerate(items): p=tf.paragraphs[0] if j==0 else tf.add_paragraph(); p.space_after=Pt(8); p.level=0 for tx,col,bd in item: r=p.add_run(); r.text=tx; r.font.name='Aptos';r.font.size=Pt(size);r.font.color.rgb=col;r.font.bold=bd return tb def connector(slide,x1,y1,x2,y2,color=BLUE,width=2,dash=False): s=slide.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT, Inches(x1),Inches(y1),Inches(x2),Inches(y2)); line(s,color,width) if dash:s.line.dash_style=MSO_LINE_DASH_STYLE.DASH return s def title(slide,num,heading,sub=''): rect(slide,0,0,13.333,.18,TEAL); text(slide,.55,.38,11.7,.48,heading,28,NAVY,True) if sub: text(slide,.57,.88,11.7,.28,sub,11,MUTED) rect(slide,.55,7.12,12.2,.02,RGBColor(206,220,229)); text(slide,.55,7.2,3,.16,'BASICS OF AIRWAY MANAGEMENT',8,MUTED,True); text(slide,12.05,7.2,.7,.16,f'{num:02d}',8,MUTED,True,PP_ALIGN.RIGHT) def pill(slide,x,y,w,label,color=BLUE): s=rect(slide,x,y,w,.35,color,True); text(slide,x,y+.07,w,.16,label,9,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) def bullet_list(slide,x,y,w,items,size=16,leading=0.48,color=INK): for i,item in enumerate(items): oval(slide,x,y+i*leading+.12,.09,.09,TEAL) text(slide,x+.18,y+i*leading,w-.18,.38,item,size,color) def arrow(slide,x1,y1,x2,y2,color=TEAL): connector(slide,x1,y1,x2,y2,color,2.2) # head as small triangle-like chevron dx=x2-x1; dy=y2-y1 # use a triangle as a simple end marker tri=slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ISOSCELES_TRIANGLE, Inches(x2-.10), Inches(y2-.10), Inches(.20), Inches(.20)); fill(tri,color); no_line(tri) if abs(dx)>abs(dy): tri.rotation=90 if dx>0 else 270 else: tri.rotation=180 if dy>0 else 0 def airway_diagram(slide,x,y,scale=1.0): # side profile & airway path, original schematic # head outline oval(slide,x+.25*scale,y+.1*scale,2.05*scale,2.6*scale,PALE,NAVY) # face protrusion / nose s=slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.PENTAGON, Inches(x+1.92*scale),Inches(y+.65*scale),Inches(.55*scale),Inches(.45*scale)); fill(s,PALE);line(s,NAVY,1) # oral cavity rect(slide,x+1.48*scale,y+1.23*scale,.72*scale,.22*scale,WHITE,True,NAVY) # tongue oval(slide,x+1.23*scale,y+1.48*scale,.9*scale,.34*scale,RGBColor(235,160,145)) # pharyngeal airway pathway rect(slide,x+1.75*scale,y+.87*scale,.24*scale,1.95*scale,TEAL,True) # larynx / glottis oval(slide,x+1.58*scale,y+2.45*scale,.58*scale,.37,ORANGE,NAVY) # trachea rect(slide,x+1.7*scale,y+2.72*scale,.34*scale,1.15*scale,TEAL,True) # esophagus posterior rect(slide,x+1.36*scale,y+2.65*scale,.17*scale,1.2*scale,RGBColor(199,178,154),True) # epiglottis oval(slide,x+1.43*scale,y+2.18*scale,.35*scale,.18,GOLD,NAVY) # labels & lines labels=[('Nasal cavity',2.55,.8,1.95,.84),('Oral cavity',2.55,1.42,1.9,1.42),('Pharynx',.0,1.72,1.25,1.72),('Epiglottis',2.55,2.25,1.85,2.25),('Glottis',2.55,2.65,1.85,2.65),('Trachea',2.55,3.18,1.8,3.18),('Esophagus',.0,3.33,1.35,3.33)] for lab,lx,ly,tx,ty in labels: text(slide,x+lx*scale,y+ly*scale,1.25*scale,.2,lab,9,INK,True) connector(slide,x+(lx+1.2 if lx<1 else lx)*scale,y+(ly+.1)*scale,x+tx*scale,y+ty*scale,MUTED,.7) def patient_head(slide,x,y,s=1.0): # supine head, neck, chest simple top view oval(slide,x+.95*s,y+.2*s,1.05*s,1.12*s,RGBColor(246,202,171),NAVY) oval(slide,x+1.22*s,y+.5*s,.12*s,.12*s,INK); oval(slide,x+1.63*s,y+.5*s,.12*s,.12*s,INK) oval(slide,x+1.45*s,y+.85*s,.22*s,.08*s,RGBColor(210,105,92)) rect(slide,x+1.25*s,y+1.22*s,.45*s,.55*s,RGBColor(246,202,171),True,NAVY) oval(slide,x+.38*s,y+1.55*s,2.18*s,.85*s,RGBColor(110,159,188),NAVY) def tube(slide,x,y,w,h,color=ORANGE,rot=0): s=rect(slide,x,y,w,h,color,True,NAVY);s.rotation=rot;return s # Slide 1 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); rect(s,0,0,13.333,7.5,NAVY); rect(s,0,0,13.333,.18,TEAL) text(s,.7,.72,8.4,1.15,'Basics of\nAirway Management',34,WHITE,True) text(s,.74,2.15,6.5,.6,'A visual, stepwise introduction to airway assessment, opening, ventilation and escalation',16,RGBColor(198,224,233)) pill(s,.74,3.05,1.3,'ASSESS'); pill(s,2.18,3.05,1.3,'OPEN',TEAL); pill(s,3.62,3.05,1.55,'OXYGENATE',ORANGE);pill(s,5.33,3.05,1.55,'ESCALATE',GREEN) # hero airway drawing oval(s,9.25,.9,2.25,3.0,RGBColor(232,241,244)); rect(s,10.83,1.7,.23,2.95,TEAL,True); oval(s,10.63,3.22,.62,.42,ORANGE); rect(s,10.78,3.57,.31,1.35,TEAL,True) # profile/nose and mouth sh=s.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.PENTAGON,Inches(11.0),Inches(1.55),Inches(.6),Inches(.55));fill(sh,RGBColor(232,241,244));line(sh,WHITE,1) text(s,8.1,5.28,4.5,.3,'Principle: prioritize oxygenation and ventilation.',15,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.74,6.78,8,.22,'For education and supervised clinical training. Follow local protocols and seek experienced help early.',10,RGBColor(190,215,224)) # Slide 2 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,2,'Airway management: the goal and the sequence','Keep the airway open, provide oxygenation and ventilation, then secure it when needed.') # flow steps=[('1','Recognize','Airway or breathing failure'),('2','Call / prepare','Help, monitors, suction, backup'),('3','Open','Position, manual manoeuvre, suction'),('4','Oxygenate','Oxygen + bag-mask if needed'),('5','Escalate','Adjunct, SGA, tracheal tube, front-of-neck access')] for i,(n,h,d) in enumerate(steps): x=.62+i*2.48; rect(s,x,1.55,2.08,1.7,WHITE,True,RGBColor(210,222,230)); oval(s,x+.14,1.72,.43,.43,TEAL);text(s,x+.14,1.82,.43,.15,n,12,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,x+.67,1.75,1.27,.22,h,14,NAVY,True);text(s,x+.15,2.25,1.73,.65,d,11,MUTED) if i<4: arrow(s,x+2.12,2.4,x+2.42,2.4,TEAL) text(s,.72,3.75,3.3,.28,'Core priorities',17,NAVY,True) for i,(h,d,c) in enumerate([('Airway patency','Can air move?',TEAL),('Oxygenation','SpO₂ and oxygen delivery',BLUE),('Ventilation','Chest rise and exhaled CO₂',ORANGE),('Protection','Aspiration and airway injury risk',RED)]): x=.72+i*3.0; oval(s,x,4.25,.62,.62,c);text(s,x+.78,4.24,2.0,.22,h,14,INK,True);text(s,x+.78,4.54,2.1,.38,d,11,MUTED) rect(s,.72,5.65,11.85,.72,MINT,True);text(s,.98,5.86,11.35,.25,'Safety frame: oxygenate throughout, limit repeated attempts, verify any advanced airway with waveform capnography where available.',14,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # Slide 3 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,3,'Basic anatomy of the airway','The airway is a shared path until the laryngeal inlet, then separates into trachea and esophagus.') airway_diagram(s,.72,1.25,1.25) rect(s,6.05,1.35,6.45,1.07,PALE,True);text(s,6.3,1.55,5.9,.23,'Upper airway',16,NAVY,True);text(s,6.3,1.9,5.8,.28,'Nose / mouth → pharynx → laryngeal inlet',14,INK) rect(s,6.05,2.65,6.45,1.07,PALE,True);text(s,6.3,2.85,5.9,.23,'Key landmarks',16,NAVY,True);text(s,6.3,3.2,5.8,.3,'Tongue, vallecula, epiglottis, arytenoids and vocal cords',14,INK) rect(s,6.05,3.95,6.45,1.07,PALE,True);text(s,6.3,4.15,5.9,.23,'Lower airway',16,NAVY,True);text(s,6.3,4.5,5.8,.3,'Trachea → carina → right and left main bronchi',14,INK) rect(s,6.05,5.32,6.45,.77,MINT,True);text(s,6.3,5.55,5.95,.25,'Clinical relevance: the tongue commonly obstructs the pharynx in an unconscious patient.',13,NAVY,True) text(s,.75,6.45,11.7,.26,'Anatomy terms adapted from Roberts and Hedges’ Clinical Procedures in Emergency, “Airway Anatomy,” lines 3776-3804.',9,MUTED) # Slide 4 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,4,'When can the airway be compromised?','Think: obstruction, loss of tone, swelling, contamination or traumatic distortion.') items=[('Foreign body / secretions','Sudden choking, gurgling, ineffective cough',ORANGE),('Reduced consciousness','Tongue and soft tissues fall back',TEAL),('Swelling / inflammation','Anaphylaxis, infection, burns, angioedema',RED),('Trauma','Facial injury, neck hematoma, laryngeal injury',RED),('Aspiration / vomiting','Fluid and particulate material obstructs',ORANGE),('Mass / structural disease','Tumor, stenosis, mediastinal compression',BLUE)] for i,(h,d,c) in enumerate(items): row=i%3;col=i//3;x=.65+col*6.2;y=1.4+row*1.55 rect(s,x,y,5.75,1.22,WHITE,True,RGBColor(216,226,232)); oval(s,x+.25,y+.3,.56,.56,c);text(s,x+1.0,y+.25,4.4,.23,h,15,NAVY,True);text(s,x+1.0,y+.62,4.35,.31,d,11,MUTED) rect(s,.65,6.2,12.0,.58,RGBColor(255,241,238),True);text(s,.9,6.38,11.5,.18,'Red flags: inability to speak, stridor, silent chest, cyanosis, altered consciousness, exhaustion or rapidly falling oxygen saturation.',13,RED,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # Slide 5 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,5,'First response: assess, position, suction and oxygen','Use a structured response while preparing backup equipment and skilled assistance.') # ABC panel for i,(letter,h,body,c) in enumerate([('A','Look & listen','Voice, stridor, gurgling, chest movement',TEAL),('B','Monitor','SpO₂, respiratory effort, respiratory rate',BLUE),('C','Prepare','Suction, oxygen, bag-mask, escalation plan',ORANGE)]): x=.7+i*4.15; oval(s,x,1.45,.72,.72,c);text(s,x,1.65,.72,.2,letter,20,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER);text(s,x+.9,1.48,2.7,.22,h,16,NAVY,True);text(s,x+.9,1.84,2.9,.36,body,12,MUTED) # position diagram patient_head(s,.85,3.2,1.3);text(s,.7,5.95,3.2,.25,'Position head and neck',14,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) arrow(s,3.2,4.3,4.35,4.3,TEAL); text(s,3.3,3.82,.9,.2,'then',11,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # head tilt / chin lift depiction patient_head(s,4.55,3.15,1.35); connector(s,5.0,3.38,4.6,3.1,TEAL,2);connector(s,5.8,4.35,6.25,4.7,TEAL,2) text(s,4.25,5.95,3.4,.25,'Head tilt - chin lift',14,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # Jaw thrust patient_head(s,8.2,3.15,1.35); connector(s,8.25,4.6,8.95,4.1,ORANGE,2);connector(s,10.0,4.6,9.25,4.1,ORANGE,2) text(s,7.95,5.95,3.8,.25,'Jaw thrust if cervical spine injury is suspected',13,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.75,6.66,11.7,.2,'Use suction for visible blood, vomitus or secretions. Do not delay escalation when obstruction persists.',10,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # Slide 6 adjuncts s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,6,'Basic airway adjuncts: OPA and NPA','Adjuncts maintain a passage for air. They do not protect against aspiration and are not definitive airways.') # OPA rect(s,.65,1.3,5.85,4.9,PALE,True);text(s,.95,1.6,3.2,.28,'Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)',19,NAVY,True);pill(s,5.0,1.6,.95,'UNRESPONSIVE',RED) # draw opa curve rect(s,1.1,2.35,2.5,.24,ORANGE,True,NAVY);oval(s,3.35,2.18,.52,.58,ORANGE,NAVY);text(s,1.08,2.95,4.85,.55,'Measure: corner of mouth to angle of jaw / earlobe.',14,INK,True) bullet_list(s,1.05,3.72,5.0,['Open airway and suction first.','Insert with correct technique for age and device.','Avoid if gag reflex is intact: vomiting / aspiration risk.'],13,.48) # NPA rect(s,6.83,1.3,5.85,4.9,PALE,True);text(s,7.13,1.6,3.5,.28,'Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)',19,NAVY,True);pill(s,11.25,1.6,.95,'SEMI-CONSCIOUS',BLUE) # draw npa rect(s,7.25,2.35,2.62,.19,BLUE,True,NAVY); oval(s,7.05,2.23,.4,.43,BLUE,NAVY);text(s,7.18,2.95,4.9,.55,'Lubricate, insert gently along the floor of the nose. Never force.',14,INK,True) bullet_list(s,7.18,3.72,5.0,['Often better tolerated when airway reflexes remain.','Avoid in significant facial trauma or suspected basilar skull fracture.','Monitor: a deteriorating patient may still need intubation.'],13,.48) text(s,.75,6.66,11.7,.2,'Source: Roberts and Hedges’ Clinical Procedures in Emergency, “Indications and Contraindications,” lines 2432-2436; “Complications,” lines 2542-2544.',9,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # Slide 7 BMV s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,7,'Bag-mask ventilation (BMV)','A core rescue technique: create a mask seal, open the airway and deliver gentle breaths with visible chest rise.') # diagram patient_head(s,.7,2.0,1.65); # face mask oval(s,1.68,2.55,1.1,.75,RGBColor(201,227,231),NAVY);connector(s,2.68,2.92,3.35,2.92,BLUE,5);oval(s,3.15,2.4,.78,1.04,BLUE,NAVY);rect(s,3.8,2.7,.6,.42,BLUE,True,NAVY) text(s,.7,5.05,4.0,.24,'Mask + bag + oxygen source',14,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # technique cards cards=[('1. Position','Head tilt - chin lift or jaw thrust; clear obstruction.',TEAL),('2. Seal','Mask spans bridge of nose to chin. Use two hands if possible.',BLUE),('3. Ventilate','Squeeze slowly over about 1 second: enough for chest rise.',ORANGE),('4. Reassess','Check chest rise, oxygen saturation, leak and gastric inflation.',GREEN)] for i,(h,d,c) in enumerate(cards): x=5.15+(i%2)*3.85;y=1.5+(i//2)*2.05;rect(s,x,y,3.5,1.65,WHITE,True,RGBColor(213,225,232));rect(s,x,y,.11,1.65,c);text(s,x+.28,y+.28,3,.23,h,15,NAVY,True);text(s,x+.28,y+.68,2.95,.55,d,12,MUTED) rect(s,5.15,5.78,7.2,.6,RGBColor(255,241,238),True);text(s,5.35,5.97,6.8,.2,'Avoid excessive pressure or volume: gastric insufflation increases aspiration risk.',12,RED,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.75,6.67,11.7,.2,'For initial airway control in most circumstances, bag-mask ventilation plus opening manoeuvres is a recommended starting approach.',9,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # slide8 SGA s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,8,'Supraglottic airway devices (SGAs)','A device seated above the glottis that can restore ventilation when mask ventilation or intubation is difficult.') # cross section oval(s,.75,1.45,3.0,3.8,PALE,NAVY);rect(s,2.08,2.08,.36,2.85,TEAL,True);oval(s,1.55,3.37,1.4,.78,RGBColor(147,209,203),NAVY);oval(s,1.92,3.62,.62,.25,ORANGE,NAVY);text(s,.78,5.58,3.0,.22,'Cuff / bowl sits over laryngeal inlet',13,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # info rich(s,4.45,1.55,7.65,3.75,[ [('What it does',NAVY,True),(': forms a seal above the glottis to enable oxygenation and ventilation.',INK,False)], [('When useful',NAVY,True),(': rescue option if BMV is inadequate or intubation attempts fail; can be a bridge to a definitive airway.',INK,False)], [('Limitations',NAVY,True),(': less secure than a tracheal tube and does not eliminate aspiration risk.',INK,False)], [('Technique essentials',NAVY,True),(': select correct size, lubricate as directed, insert along the palate, confirm chest rise and exhaled CO₂.',INK,False)] ],16) rect(s,4.45,5.55,7.65,.63,MINT,True);text(s,4.7,5.76,7.1,.2,'If oxygenation fails: call for help, follow the difficult-airway pathway, and prepare for emergency front-of-neck access.',13,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.75,6.67,11.7,.2,'SGA rescue role supported by Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine, “Unanticipated Intubation Difficulty,” lines 1268-1271.',9,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # slide9 intubation s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,9,'Tracheal intubation: securing a definitive airway','An endotracheal tube passes through the vocal cords into the trachea. This is an advanced procedure for trained clinicians.') # procedural illustration rect(s,.65,1.32,5.2,4.85,PALE,True); text(s,.95,1.6,4.6,.25,'Laryngoscopy view: target the glottic opening',17,NAVY,True) # mouth visual oval(s,1.45,2.3,3.25,2.55,RGBColor(252,218,200),NAVY); oval(s,2.18,3.25,1.78,.45,INK); # mouth opening oval(s,2.75,3.28,.65,.38,ORANGE,NAVY);text(s,2.45,4.15,1.3,.19,'vocal cords',11,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # laryngoscope blade and tube rect(s,.95,2.1,2.2,.22,RGBColor(109,122,133),True,NAVY);rect(s,2.85,2.02,.22,1.27,RGBColor(109,122,133),True,NAVY) tube(s,4.95,3.22,.95,.22,TEAL,0); arrow(s,5.5,3.34,4.05,3.42,TEAL) # steps steps2=[('Prepare','Preoxygenate, suction, monitoring, plan A/B/C/D and backup.'),('Position','Optimize head and neck alignment unless trauma precautions require otherwise.'),('Place','Visualize the larynx and pass tube through the vocal cords.'),('Confirm','Use continuous waveform capnography plus clinical assessment; secure tube.'),('Reassess','Depth, bilateral ventilation, oxygenation, hemodynamics and complications.')] for i,(h,d) in enumerate(steps2): y=1.36+i*.93;oval(s,6.25,y,.38,.38,TEAL);text(s,6.25,y+.095,.38,.13,str(i+1),10,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER);text(s,6.78,y,1.2,.18,h,14,NAVY,True);text(s,7.95,y,4.5,.35,d,12,INK) text(s,.75,6.67,11.7,.2,'Preoxygenation before the apneic period and confirmation after placement are central safety steps. Limit repeated attempts and escalate early.',9,MUTED,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # slide10 emergency s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,10,'Difficult airway and emergency escalation','Use a prepared pathway. The endpoint is effective oxygenation, not repeated attempts at one technique.') # decision path nodes=[('Difficulty anticipated?','Consider awake approach, additional expertise and equipment.',BLUE),('Can oxygenate by mask / SGA?','Continue oxygenation; optimize and choose next best method.',TEAL),('Cannot intubate but can oxygenate','Stop repeated attempts; use SGA or awake / alternate technique.',ORANGE),('Cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate','Declare emergency; emergency front-of-neck access by trained clinician.',RED)] for i,(h,d,c) in enumerate(nodes): y=1.3+i*1.28;rect(s,.85,y,11.55,.9,WHITE,True,RGBColor(214,224,231));rect(s,.85,y,.15,.9,c);text(s,1.28,y+.17,3.75,.22,h,15,NAVY,True);text(s,5.0,y+.17,6.85,.35,d,12,MUTED) if i<3:arrow(s,6.63,y+.93,6.63,y+1.17,c) rect(s,.85,6.35,11.55,.5,RGBColor(255,241,238),True);text(s,1.08,6.52,11.1,.18,'Call for help early. Monitor oxygenation continuously. Document the airway event and communicate a future airway plan.',12,RED,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # slide11 recap s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank);title(s,11,'Take-home summary','Airway management is a sequence of preparation, basic manoeuvres, oxygenation, reassessment and escalation.') summary=[('Know the route','Nose/mouth → pharynx → larynx → trachea',TEAL),('Recognize threat','Obstruction, reduced consciousness, swelling, trauma and contamination',RED),('Start simple','Position, jaw support, suction, oxygen and bag-mask ventilation',BLUE),('Use adjuncts wisely','OPA/NPA for selected patients; SGA as an important rescue device',ORANGE),('Secure and verify','Intubation by trained clinicians; confirm with waveform capnography',GREEN),('Escalate early','Backup plan and emergency front-of-neck access when oxygenation fails',RED)] for i,(h,d,c) in enumerate(summary): col=i%2;row=i//2;x=.72+col*6.15;y=1.32+row*1.38;rect(s,x,y,5.75,1.02,PALE,True);oval(s,x+.24,y+.22,.55,.55,c);text(s,x+.98,y+.2,4.5,.22,h,15,NAVY,True);text(s,x+.98,y+.55,4.42,.27,d,12,INK) text(s,.75,5.72,11.7,.26,'Education note: local protocols, patient age, anatomy, clinical setting and clinician training determine the correct technique.',13,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.75,6.2,11.7,.2,'Selected sources',16,NAVY,True) text(s,.75,6.48,11.75,.42,'Roberts and Hedges’ Clinical Procedures in Emergency, airway anatomy and adjuncts. Miller’s Anesthesia, 10e, mask ventilation and airway devices. Apfelbaum et al. ASA Difficult Airway Guidelines, Anesthesiology 2022;136:31-81 (PMID 34762729).',9,MUTED) # global metadata prs.core_properties.title='Basics of Airway Management' prs.core_properties.subject='Educational presentation on basic airway anatomy, compromise and management techniques' prs.core_properties.author='Orris' prs.save(OUT) print(OUT) ''') PY python "/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/src/create_deck.py" python - <<'PY' from pptx import Presentation p='/tmp/workspace/airway-management-ppt/output/Basics_of_Airway_Management.pptx' prs=Presentation(p) print('slides',len(prs.slides)) for i,s in enumerate(prs.slides,1): t=' '.join(sh.text.replace('\n',' ') for sh in s.shapes if getattr(sh,'has_text_frame',False) and sh.text.strip()) print(i, len(s.shapes), t[:80]) PY

~/airway-management-ppt/output

2022 ASA difficult airway guidelines airway management key recommendations