Multivitamin injection how frequent to be given
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multivitamin injection frequency how often daily dose
Multivitamin Injection — Frequency & Dosing
Standard Frequency: Once Daily
Multivitamin injection (e.g., M.V.I. Adult) is given once daily as part of parenteral nutrition (PN) or IV therapy. This applies to both adults and children ≥11 years.
Indications for IV Multivitamin
Used when oral/enteral intake is not possible or insufficient, including:
- Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
- Post-surgery, major trauma, severe burns
- Severe infections or sepsis
- Comatose patients
- Malabsorption states
Dosing by Age Group
| Patient Group | Dose | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Adults & children ≥11 yr | 10 mL (M.V.I. Adult) | Once daily |
| Children <11 yr / Neonates | M.V.I. Pediatric — weight-based (see below) | Once daily |
| Pediatric <1 kg | 1.5 mL/kg | Once daily |
| Pediatric 1–3 kg | 3.25 mL | Once daily |
| Pediatric >3 kg / children | 5 mL | Once daily |
How to Administer
- Add the daily dose to ≥500 mL (preferably 1,000 mL) of IV dextrose, saline, or similar infusion solution
- Never give undiluted or as a direct IV bolus
- Protect from light (especially vitamin A and riboflavin)
- Add to PN bags just before infusion to minimize vitamin degradation
Special Situations
- Severe/multiple deficiencies: The daily dose may be multiplied (e.g., 2× for 2–3 days) based on clinical status and lab values — physician discretion required.
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia): Cyanocobalamin 1,000 µg IM/IV monthly is given separately, not relying solely on MVI.
- Vitamin K: Not included in most MVI formulations — must be supplemented separately (weekly or as needed).
- Shortage situations (per ASPEN 2024 guidelines): When MVI supply is limited, priority is given to patients most at risk of acute deficiency (e.g., thiamine in high-carbohydrate loads, folate after 4–5 weeks without supplementation).
Key Points
- Do not wait for clinical signs of deficiency before starting IV MVI in PN-dependent patients.
- Monitor vitamin levels periodically in long-term PN patients, as standard daily MVI doses may not maintain adequate levels in all patients.
- Incompatibilities: MVI may interact with tetracyclines, ampicillin, phenytoin, levodopa, aminophylline — check compatibility before mixing.
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