What is complete symptoms
Aphorism 84
Aphorism 84 Organon of Medicine Hahnemann complete symptoms case taking
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"The patient details the history of his sufferings; those about him tell what they heard him complain of, how he has behaved and what they have noticed in him; the physician sees, hears, and remarks by his other senses what there is of an altered or unusual character about him. He writes down accurately all that the patient and his friends have told him in the very expressions used by them. Keeping silence himself, he allows them to say all they have to say, and refrains from interrupting them - unless they wander off to other matters. The physician advises them at the beginning of the examination to speak slowly, in order that he may take down in writing the important parts of what the speakers say."
"Every interruption breaks the train of thought of the narrators, and all they would have said at first does not again occur to them in precisely the same manner after that."
Aphorism 86
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"When the narrators have finished what they would say of their own accord, the physician then reverts to each particular symptom and elicits more precise information respecting it in the following manner; he reads over the symptoms as they were related to him one by one, and about each of them he inquires for further particulars, e.g.:
- At what period did this symptom occur?
- Was it previous to taking the medicine he had hitherto been using? While taking the medicine? Or only some days after leaving off the medicine?
- What kind of pain, what sensation exactly, was it that occurred on this spot?
- Where was the precise spot?
- Did the pain occur in fits and by itself, at various times? Or was it continued, without intermission?
- How long did it last?
- At what time of the day or night, and in what position of the body did it occur, or disappear?"
| Question | Purpose |
|---|---|
| When did it occur? | Timing/onset |
| Before, during, or after medication? | Drug relationship - to distinguish drug symptoms from disease symptoms |
| What kind of pain/sensation? | Characterizing the symptom (burning, stitching, pressing, etc.) |
| Exact location? | Localization |
| Intermittent or continuous? | Modality of occurrence |
| Duration? | How long each episode lasts |
| Time of day/night? | Periodicity - diurnal variation |
| Position of body? | Aggravation/amelioration with posture |
"The physician must never frame questions so as to suggest the answer to the patient - so that he shall only have to answer yes or no."
| Aphorism | Phase |
|---|---|
| 84 | Patient/attendants narrate freely; physician listens silently and writes |
| 85 | Each symptom recorded on a fresh line |
| 86 | Physician re-reads each symptom and asks follow-up questions (timing, sensation, location, modality) |
| 87 | Follow-up questions must be open-ended, never leading or suggestive |
| 88 | Past treatment and medicines recorded |
| 89 | Physician may ask additional special questions if picture is still incomplete |