Here is a full clinical review of Tyler's case and protocol.
Tyler Wambeke — Functional Nutrition Case Review
Getting to Know Tyler First
Before evaluating the protocol, it helps to sit with who Tyler is as a patient. He is a 30-year-old man navigating primary infertility while carrying real grief - a stillborn son in 2024. That loss is not a side note. It is almost certainly a central driver of his rising cortisol, his health anxiety (8/10), his palpitations, and the downstream lab pattern the protocol correctly identifies. He is also a man who is already doing a lot right: no alcohol, no smoking, no substances, 8.5 hours of sleep, 4-5x/week structured training, normal BMI, and engaged enough in his health to have functional labs done. The risk here is not under-effort - it is over-supplementation without sufficient psychoemotional scaffolding.
His history of prematurity, C-section birth (gut microbiome implications), corrected undescended testicle (age 8, unilateral - evidence below), and low fecal elastase all provide relevant biological context that the protocol largely addresses, though with some gaps.
Overall Clinical Assessment
The protocol is well-constructed and largely evidence-congruent. The clinical reasoning linking rising AM/noon cortisol → reverse T3 shunting → elevated LDL → elevated ferritin is sound and supported by endocrinology literature. The stepped approach (stopping supraphysiologic B12, adjusting exercise load, adding adaptogens and fiber) reflects appropriate integrative clinical thinking.
Below is a component-by-component evidence review with specific recommendations.
WHAT IS STRONGLY SUPPORTED - Keep As-Is
1. Ashwagandha KSM-66, 300mg BID
Evidence: Strong. A 2022 systematic review (PMID: 35234023) and multiple RCTs confirm Withania somnifera improves testosterone, sperm count, motility, and morphology in subfertile men. KSM-66 specifically has the best human trial data for both cortisol reduction and male reproductive parameters. The 600mg/day dose is correct - this is the dose used in most positive trials.
- One note: Denmark's food safety authority banned ashwagandha in 2023 pending safety reassessment, citing potential thyroid stimulation and liver concern signals. Given Tyler's rT3 elevation, there is no contraindication to use here (rT3 is cortisol-driven, not thyroid pathology), but monitor LFTs at the 12-week retest given his ALT is already at 38 U/L. Milk thistle running concurrently is smart hedging.
2. Berberine 500mg BID
Evidence: Strong for LDL. Multiple meta-analyses (PMID: 36805484, 2023; PMID: 34956436, 2021) confirm berberine reduces LDL-C by approximately 20-25 mg/dL and total cholesterol meaningfully. The 2023 cardiovascular meta-analysis in Phytomedicine specifically shows favorable lipid effects across RCTs. At 242 mg/dL LDL and rising, this is appropriate and evidence-based. Berberine also improves insulin sensitivity (fasting glucose at 92 is mild but worth tracking).
- Important interaction flag: Berberine is a CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein inhibitor. If Tyler ever starts pharmaceutical intervention (antibiotics again, statins, any medication), this must be reviewed.
3. Oats, Psyllium Husk, Flaxseed for LDL
Evidence: Strong. A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 41 RCTs (2,049 subjects) confirmed psyllium significantly reduces LDL-C and total cholesterol, with greatest effect at >10g/day. Flaxseed meta-analysis shows LDL reduction of approximately 0.22 mmol/L (statistically significant pooled effect). Oat beta-glucan has FDA-recognized cholesterol-lowering evidence. This is one of the most evidence-based dietary interventions in the plan. Well done.
4. Removing Tallow/Butter, Capping Raw Milk
Evidence: Strong. Tyler's LDL of 242 mg/dL combined with a Chol:HDL ratio of 5.0 warrants direct saturated fat reduction. The note in the protocol about "saturated-fat hyper-response" is clinically relevant - some individuals are LDL hyper-responders to saturated fat due to APOE or PCSK9 variants, and Tyler fits this profile behaviorally (organ meat daily, tallow, raw milk). Replacing with EVOO and avocado oil is directly supported by Mediterranean diet RCTs for LDL reduction. Strong call.
5. L-Carnitine 1g/day
Evidence: Strong for male fertility. A 2021 meta-analysis (PMID: 33906513) and a 2018 systematic review (PMID: 30462179) both confirm L-carnitine and L-acetylcarnitine significantly improve sperm motility in asthenozoospermia. A 2025 meta-analysis (PMID: 40431450) again confirmed benefit for sperm parameters. However, 1g/day is at the lower end - most positive fertility trials used 2-3g/day. Consider raising to 2g/day (split dosing, morning and noon) if the semen analysis shows motility as a primary deficit.
6. Omega-3 2g/day
Evidence: Moderate-Strong. Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) improve sperm motility and morphology (network meta-analysis PMID: 37199654, 2023), reduce inflammation (his hs-CRP is improving, consistent with this), and modestly lower triglycerides. 2g is a reasonable entry dose. For LDL and inflammatory benefit, 2-4g/day is the therapeutic range. Tolerable upward titration warranted if follow-up labs show plateaued progress.
7. CoQ10 (Continued)
Evidence: Strong. CoQ10 is one of the most consistently supported supplements for sperm motility and male fertility across multiple meta-analyses. The decision to continue is correct.
8. Exercise Modifications
Evidence: Strong reasoning, well-applied. Reducing kettlebell from 4x to 3x/week, capping intensity, and adding Zone 2 rowing are appropriate cortisol management strategies. High-intensity exercise >45 min elevates cortisol acutely and chronically when recovery is insufficient. Tyler's AM cortisol is rising despite adequate sleep - this suggests the exercise load is still supramaximal relative to his stress-recovery balance. The 4-7pm training window aligns with circadian cortisol rhythm (cortisol is naturally lower in the afternoon), which is physiologically sound. Restorative yoga and yoga nidra have emerging RCT evidence for HPA axis downregulation and GABA upregulation.
9. EMDR / Somatic Therapy Recommendation
Evidence: Strong. This is arguably the most important intervention in the entire protocol. EMDR has Level A evidence for PTSD and grief processing. The unresolved grief from the stillbirth (2024) is almost certainly the primary upstream driver of Tyler's HPA axis hyperactivation. No supplement stack will fully resolve cortisol dysregulation in the presence of unprocessed trauma. This needs to be communicated as a non-negotiable priority, not just a "strong recommendation." A specific referral with a named therapist would be ideal.
10. Blood Donation Every 8-12 Weeks for Ferritin
Evidence: Practical and appropriate. Ferritin at 483 ng/mL with normal TIBC confirms this is an acute phase reactant response rather than hemochromatosis. However, ferritin is a sensitive inflammatory marker - the correct primary intervention is reducing inflammation (the protocol addresses this via cortisol reduction, omega-3, berberine). Blood donation is a legitimate secondary strategy to lower ferritin; evidence in voluntary donors shows reliable reductions of 30-50 ng/mL per donation. This is a safe and practical adjunct.
11. Scrotal Cooling Practices
Evidence: Supported. Scrotal temperature exceeding 34-35°C impairs spermatogenesis. His history of unilateral orchiopexy means the affected testicle has pre-existing compromised thermoregulatory and vascular anatomy. Loose cotton underwear and avoidance of hot baths/saunas are routinely recommended in male fertility guidelines and supported by observational data. Evidence for active scrotal cooling devices is more mixed, but passive avoidance is well-supported.
WHAT NEEDS MODIFICATION
1. Phosphatidylserine 400mg at Dinner
Evidence: Weak-to-Moderate; dose timing is misaligned.
The evidence for PS blunting cortisol is largely from exercise-induced cortisol spikes, using 400-800mg doses taken before acute stress. The original Monteleone RCTs used 800mg/day for chronic stress HPA axis modulation. The mechanism proposed (blunting CRF-ACTH signaling at the pituitary) has a rationale, but human RCT data for chronic diurnal cortisol dysregulation specifically is limited and mixed.
More importantly: Tyler's cortisol problem is elevated AM and noon cortisol with a blunted night nadir. Taking PS at dinner may be of minimal benefit for the elevated morning/midday values. If PS is retained, consider splitting: 200mg at breakfast + 200mg at noon to address the AM/noon peaks - or increase total dose to 600-800mg/day split across AM and noon.
Recommendation: Modify dosing to 200mg AM + 200mg at noon, or increase to 600mg split AM/noon. At dinner is the wrong timing.
2. Rhodiola Rosea 200mg AM
Evidence: Moderate; correct direction but dose may be insufficient.
A 2024 systematic review (Phytomedicine, PMID referenced in Ubie) and multiple clinical trials confirm Rhodiola (WS-1375 extract) reduces stress, fatigue, and anxiety-related symptoms. The evidence suggests it works primarily through salidroside/rosavin modulation of the stress response rather than direct cortisol reduction - it appears to buffer perceived stress and HPA reactivity rather than directly suppressing cortisol output like ashwagandha does.
The 200mg dose is on the lower end. Most positive clinical trials used 400mg/day (100-200mg of 3% rosavin extract BID). At 200mg once daily, you may be under-dosing.
Recommendation: Increase to 200mg BID (400mg/day) or use a standardized 3% rosavin extract at 400mg/day. Consider whether stacking Rhodiola and ashwagandha is needed given both target the HPA axis - they work via different mechanisms (Rhodiola: AMPK/Hsp70/cortisol reactivity; ashwagandha: GABA-A modulation/cortisol synthesis), so combined use is pharmacologically rational. Monitor for any agitation or sleep disruption, as Rhodiola can be mildly stimulating in some individuals - taking it only in the AM is correct.
3. Glycine 3g at Bedtime
Evidence: Moderate; rationale is sound.
Glycine 3g at bedtime has RCT evidence for improving subjective sleep quality and lowering core body temperature (facilitating sleep onset). It also serves as a precursor for glutathione and collagen synthesis, and has modest evidence for glycine-gated inhibitory neurotransmission supporting HPA downregulation at night. Given Tyler's night sweating and the blunted cortisol nadir, this is reasonable.
However: Tyler already takes collagen (which is glycine-rich). Depending on the collagen dose and type, he may already be getting meaningful glycine. This is not a contraindication - total glycine 5-8g/day from combined sources is likely fine - but worth noting on the intake form.
Recommendation: Keep, but clarify collagen dose to avoid unnecessary redundancy.
4. Zinc Picolinate 30mg
Evidence: Well-chosen form, but dose warrants attention.
Zinc is well-supported for male fertility, testosterone production, and sperm quality. Picolinate is a superior absorption form. However, 30mg/day elemental zinc chronically displaces copper, as zinc and copper compete for absorption via metallothionein. At 30mg/day, copper depletion risk is real over 12 weeks.
Recommendation: Add copper 2mg/day alongside zinc (the standard 15:1 zinc:copper ratio). Alternatively, reduce zinc to 25mg/day. This is a meaningful omission in the current protocol.
WHAT SHOULD BE ADDED
1. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), 600mg BID
Evidence: Strong for male fertility + relevant to Tyler's entire pattern.
The 2021 meta-analysis (PMID: 33906513) found NAC comparable to L-carnitine for improving sperm motility in asthenozoospermia. NAC is also a direct glutathione precursor, reducing oxidative stress in sperm (a major mechanism in subfertility). Additionally, NAC:
- Lowers homocysteine (his is at 10.7 - still above functional target) via improved methylation recycling
- Supports liver detox (ALT at 38, mildly elevated)
- Has evidence for anxiety reduction via glutamate modulation - directly relevant to Tyler's health anxiety (8/10)
This is arguably the highest yield missing supplement given how many of Tyler's concurrent issues it addresses.
2. Selenium, 100-200mcg/day
Evidence: Moderate-Strong for male fertility.
The 2025 meta-analysis (PMID: 40431450) and 2018 systematic review (PMID: 30462179) identify selenium as one of the nutrients with most consistent evidence for improving sperm motility and morphology. Selenium is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase and selenoprotein P, both critical in spermatogenesis. Tyler is not on selenium, and it is not in the organ meat supplementation unless desiccated thyroid or kidney is included. Brazil nuts (2/day = ~200mcg) are an easy dietary source if supplementation is not preferred.
3. Explicit Homocysteine Follow-Through
His homocysteine dropped from 13.9 to 10.7 - good progress - but 10.7 is still above the functional target of 7-9 μmol/L. With B12 now stopped (due to supraphysiologic levels), the protocol needs a replacement methylation support strategy. Specifically:
- Folate (5-MTHF), 400-800mcg/day - the active form bypasses MTHFR variants (common in men with elevated homocysteine)
- Trimethylglycine (TMG)/Betaine, 500-1000mg/day - an alternate methyl donor for homocysteine re-methylation via the BHMT pathway (liver-dependent, does not require B12)
Neither of these appears in the current Phase 3 protocol. Stopping the B-complex without replacing the methyl donor is a gap that risks homocysteine rising again.
4. Vitamin D Optimization - Recheck Timing
At 52 ng/mL, Tyler is below the stated functional target of 60-80 ng/mL. Increasing to 15 drops is appropriate, but the retest at 8-12 weeks should include a 25-OH Vitamin D to confirm upward trajectory. No issue with the K2 co-administration (prevents soft-tissue calcium deposition). Worth noting: vitamin D has direct evidence for improving sperm motility and testosterone in deficient men - getting Tyler to 60-70 ng/mL is a legitimate fertility intervention, not just a general wellness measure.
5. Consider Formal Testosterone Panel
Tyler has no testosterone, LH, or FSH documented in the labs provided. Given his history of unilateral orchiopexy (corrected at age 8, with the affected testicle remaining smaller), his rising cortisol (which suppresses LH pulsatility via GnRH inhibition), and his rT3 at ceiling - he may have mild secondary hypogonadism driving suboptimal semen parameters. Morning total testosterone + free testosterone + LH + FSH would complete the picture and guide whether any additional support is warranted. This is a gap in the current workup.
WHAT TO RECONSIDER OR REMOVE
1. Nattokinase (Continued)
Evidence: Weak for Tyler's specific indications. Nattokinase is a fibrinolytic enzyme with evidence for reducing fibrinogen and some cardiovascular benefit. There is no compelling indication for nattokinase in Tyler's case as presented - no documented hypercoagulability, DVT risk, or fibrinogen elevation. Given his palpitations, there is theoretical concern about excessive fibrinolytic activity in someone with undefined cardiac history (he had a cardiologist previously). This is low-risk but low-evidence for his specific presentation.
Recommendation: Review the original rationale. If it was added for cardiovascular protection, the berberine + omega-3 + EVOO/LDL intervention is doing the heavy lifting. Nattokinase can likely be removed unless there is a specific documented indication.
2. Creatine (Continued)
Evidence: Good for exercise performance and neurocognition. Creatine is not contraindicated here and has emerging evidence for cognitive/mood benefit relevant to anxiety. However, creatine can modestly raise serum creatinine (lab artifact, not true kidney dysfunction), which may confuse future panels. More relevant: there is some evidence creatine supplementation can modestly raise DHT (dihydrotestosterone), particularly at higher doses. In the context of male fertility optimization, this is not typically problematic, but worth being aware of if testosterone/androgen panels are added.
Recommendation: Keep, but note the DHT consideration and recheck if any androgen testing is added.
3. Organ Meat Supplementation Reduction (3-4x/week)
Evidence: Correct call. Daily organ meat - particularly liver - is extremely high in vitamin A (retinol), heme iron, and preformed nutrients. Retinol at high doses is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and potential liver stress. Combined with ferritin at 483 ng/mL (indicating iron load), daily organ meat was contributing to both the iron burden and possibly the elevated ALT. Reducing to 3-4x/week is appropriate and evidence-aligned.
4. Pre-Breakfast Honey Removal
Evidence: Appropriate. Fasting glucose at 92 mg/dL (functional target 75-86), combined with elevated cortisol (which drives gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance), makes standalone fasting glucose loads inadvisable. Good call.
5. No Caffeine Before 10am
Evidence: Reasonable but imprecise. The rationale is that caffeine before cortisol peaks blunts the natural cortisol awakening response (CAR) and creates dependency on exogenous stimulants to replace endogenous cortisol signaling. The evidence for this is modest and mostly observational. However, given Tyler's AM cortisol is already elevated, not low, the rationale shifts: caffeine before 10am in a hypercortisolemic state adds sympathetic load to an already dysregulated axis. The recommendation is reasonable on these grounds, even if the CAR-sparing evidence is weak.
THE MOST IMPORTANT MISSING PIECE
None of the above supplement optimizations matter as much as this: Tyler needs grief processing therapy, and he needs it now, not as a vague recommendation.
His AM cortisol went from 4.08 to 6.42 ng/mL while being treated. That is not a supplement-resistant cortisol problem. That is unresolved psychoemotional trauma manifesting in the HPA axis. The stillbirth in 2024 - his son - is an acute loss event superimposed on primary infertility anxiety and health anxiety at 8/10. No adaptogen, no phosphatidylserine, no cortisol protocol will break that cycle.
The protocol mentions EMDR/somatic therapy as a "strong recommendation." It should be elevated to the primary therapeutic intervention - the thing the entire supplement and diet protocol is scaffolded around, not listed at the bottom.
Specific addition: Refer Tyler to a perinatal grief specialist or a certified EMDR therapist with experience in infant loss. The Compassionate Friends organization and the Pregnancy After Loss Support (PALS) network both offer resources for men specifically. A therapeutic timeline of 12-24 weeks concurrent with Phase 3 is appropriate.
Summary of Changes
| Category | Intervention | Action | Reason |
|---|
| Supplement | Phosphatidylserine | Shift to 200mg AM + 200mg noon (not dinner) | Cortisol peaks are AM/noon, not PM |
| Supplement | Rhodiola Rosea | Increase to 400mg/day (200mg BID) | Current dose below effective clinical threshold |
| Supplement | L-Carnitine | Consider increase to 2g/day if motility is primary deficit | Most trials use 2-3g/day |
| Supplement | Zinc picolinate | Add Copper 2mg/day alongside | Copper depletion risk at 30mg zinc/day |
| Add | NAC 600mg BID | Add | Sperm motility, homocysteine, anxiety, liver support - addresses 4 active concerns simultaneously |
| Add | Selenium 100-200mcg/day | Add | Consistently supported for sperm motility/morphology; missing from current protocol |
| Add | 5-MTHF 400-800mcg + TMG 500mg | Add | Replace B12-driven methyl donation now that B-complex stopped; prevent homocysteine rebound |
| Lab | Testosterone + LH + FSH | Add to workup | Missing from panels; needed to complete reproductive axis picture given orchiopexy history and rising cortisol |
| Supplement | Nattokinase | Review/consider removing | No clear indication documented; low evidence for Tyler's presentation |
| Priority | EMDR / grief therapy | Elevate to primary intervention with referral | HPA axis will not normalize without trauma processing; this is upstream of everything |
Overall this is a thoughtful, integrative protocol with good clinical reasoning. The cortisol-LDL-rT3 mechanistic narrative is sound, the supplement selections are mostly evidence-based, and the dietary fiber additions for LDL are some of the most evidence-supported changes in the entire plan. The gaps are specific and correctable: copper coverage with zinc, dose adjustment on PS timing, NAC and selenium as missing fertility nutrients, methyl donor replacement post-B12 discontinuation, and most importantly - prioritizing therapeutic grief work as the foundational intervention that makes everything else more likely to succeed.