from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.units import cm, mm
from reportlab.platypus import SimpleDocTemplate, Table, TableStyle, Paragraph, Spacer
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT
from reportlab.platypus import HRFlowable

output_path = "/home/daytona/workspace/icmhe-cheatsheet/ICMHE_Spotter_Cheatsheet.pdf"

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    output_path,
    pagesize=A4,
    leftMargin=0.8*cm,
    rightMargin=0.8*cm,
    topMargin=0.7*cm,
    bottomMargin=0.5*cm,
)

# ── Colour palette ──────────────────────────────────────────────
DARK_BLUE   = colors.HexColor("#1a3c6b")
MID_BLUE    = colors.HexColor("#2563a8")
LIGHT_BLUE  = colors.HexColor("#dbeafe")
ACCENT      = colors.HexColor("#e63946")
GOLD        = colors.HexColor("#f4a261")
LIGHT_GOLD  = colors.HexColor("#fff3e0")
WHITE       = colors.white
GREY_BG     = colors.HexColor("#f1f5f9")
GREY_TEXT   = colors.HexColor("#374151")
GREEN       = colors.HexColor("#166534")
GREEN_BG    = colors.HexColor("#dcfce7")

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

def style(name, **kw):
    return ParagraphStyle(name, **kw)

title_style = style("title",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=13, textColor=WHITE,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=0, spaceBefore=0, leading=16)

sub_title_style = style("subtitle",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=7.5, textColor=LIGHT_BLUE,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=0, leading=10)

instr_head = style("ihead",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=8, textColor=WHITE,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=10)

label_style = style("label",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.8, textColor=DARK_BLUE,
    spaceAfter=0, leading=9)

body_style = style("body",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=6.5, textColor=GREY_TEXT,
    spaceAfter=0, leading=8.5)

emph_style = style("emph",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.5, textColor=ACCENT,
    spaceAfter=0, leading=8.5)

normal_val = style("nval",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.8, textColor=GREEN,
    spaceAfter=0, leading=9)

footer_style = style("footer",
    fontName="Helvetica-BoldOblique", fontSize=6.5, textColor=MID_BLUE,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=9)

def P(text, s=None):
    return Paragraph(text, s or body_style)

def cell_block(lines):
    """Build a list of Paragraph objects for a table cell."""
    result = []
    for line in lines:
        result.append(Paragraph(line, body_style))
    return result

# ── Helper: mini 2-col key-value table inside a cell ────────────
def kv(key, val, key_color=DARK_BLUE, val_color=GREY_TEXT):
    return Paragraph(f'<font color="#{key_color.hexval()[2:]}"><b>{key}:</b></font> '
                     f'<font color="#{val_color.hexval()[2:]}">{val}</font>', body_style)

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# INSTRUMENT DATA
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

instruments = [
    {
        "name": "STETHOSCOPE",
        "emoji": "🩺",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#1e40af"),
        "normal": None,
        "parts": "Earpieces → Binaurals → Tubing → Chest piece → Stem",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Inventor", "Laennec, 1816"),
            ("Diaphragm", "High freq: S1, S2, breath & bowel sounds (press firmly)"),
            ("Bell", "Low freq: S3, S4, mitral stenosis (apply lightly)"),
            ("Main use", "Auscultation of heart, lungs, BP (Korotkoff sounds)"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "Diff between bell vs diaphragm?",
            "What sounds does the bell hear?",
            "Name the parts of a stethoscope.",
        ],
    },
    {
        "name": "BP CUFF (Sphygmomanometer)",
        "emoji": "💉",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#7c3aed"),
        "normal": "Normal BP: 120/80 mmHg | Pulse Pressure: 40 mmHg | MAP: ~93 mmHg",
        "parts": "Cuff (bladder) → Tubing → Bulb → Valve → Manometer",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Korotkoff I", "Tapping = SYSTOLIC BP"),
            ("Korotkoff V", "Silence = DIASTOLIC BP"),
            ("Artery", "Brachial artery compressed"),
            ("Cuff size", "12-13 cm wide, 35 cm long"),
            ("Auscultatory gap", "False silence in hypertensives → underestimates systolic"),
            ("Small cuff", "Falsely HIGH reading"),
            ("Large cuff", "Falsely LOW reading"),
            ("Preferred arm", "Right arm (direct from aorta)"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "Name all 5 Korotkoff phases.",
            "What is auscultatory gap?",
            "Errors in BP measurement?",
            "What is MAP formula?",
        ],
    },
    {
        "name": "THERMOMETER",
        "emoji": "🌡️",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#b45309"),
        "normal": "Normal: 98.6°F = 37°C (oral) | Rectal > Oral > Axillary",
        "parts": "Bulb → Capillary tube → Constriction → Stem → Scale (°F/°C)",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Rectal", "37.5°C — highest, most accurate"),
            ("Oral", "37.0°C — standard"),
            ("Axillary", "36.5°C — lowest, least accurate"),
            ("Constriction", "Prevents mercury from falling back (allows reading)"),
            ("Pyrexia", ">37.2°C | Hyperpyrexia: >41°C | Hypothermia: <35°C"),
            ("Mercury phased out", "Due to toxicity → replaced by digital"),
            ("Formula", "°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "Why is there a constriction in mercury thermometer?",
            "Sites of temp measurement — which is highest?",
            "Define pyrexia vs hyperpyrexia.",
            "Convert 98.6°F to °C.",
        ],
    },
    {
        "name": "PULSE OXIMETER",
        "emoji": "📡",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#0f766e"),
        "normal": "Normal SpO₂: 95–100% | <90% = significant hypoxia",
        "parts": "Finger probe (LED emitter + photodetector) → Display unit",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Principle", "Beer-Lambert Law — 2 wavelengths"),
            ("660 nm red", "Absorbed by deoxyhaemoglobin"),
            ("940 nm infrared", "Absorbed by oxyhaemoglobin"),
            ("SpO₂ vs SaO₂", "SpO₂ = non-invasive estimate; SaO₂ = ABG (gold standard)"),
            ("CO poisoning", "Falsely HIGH — COHb absorbs same as OxyHb"),
            ("Nail polish", "Falsely LOW (dark colours)"),
            ("Unreliable in", "Poor perfusion, shivering, arrhythmia, cold hands"),
            ("Also displays", "Pulse rate + plethysmograph waveform"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "What is the principle of pulse oximetry?",
            "Why can't it detect CO poisoning?",
            "SpO₂ vs SaO₂ — difference?",
            "What causes false readings?",
        ],
    },
    {
        "name": "KNEE JERK HAMMER (Taylor)",
        "emoji": "🔨",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#b91c1c"),
        "normal": "Normal reflex grade: 2+",
        "parts": "Triangular rubber head + Metal handle (tomahawk shape)",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Reflex tested", "Patellar reflex (knee jerk) = Monosynaptic stretch reflex"),
            ("Spinal level", "L2–L4 (mainly L3–L4) via Femoral nerve"),
            ("Arc", "Patellar tendon → Muscle spindle → Spinal cord → Quadriceps"),
            ("Absent reflex", "LMN lesion, peripheral neuropathy, DM, hypothyroidism"),
            ("Exaggerated", "UMN lesion (stroke, MS, spinal cord lesion above L2)"),
            ("Grading", "0=absent | 1+=diminished | 2+=normal | 3+=brisk | 4+=clonus"),
            ("Position", "Legs hanging free OR knee slightly flexed over examiner's hand"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "Spinal level of knee jerk reflex?",
            "What does the hammer actually stretch?",
            "LMN vs UMN effect on reflexes?",
            "Grade the DTRs.",
        ],
    },
    {
        "name": "QUEEN SQUARE HAMMER",
        "emoji": "🔨",
        "color": colors.HexColor("#15803d"),
        "normal": "Normal plantar: plantar FLEXION (toes curl down)",
        "parts": "Long handle (~30 cm) + Circular/disc rubber head",
        "key_facts": [
            ("Primary use", "Plantar reflex (Babinski sign) + Ankle jerk"),
            ("Babinski +ve", "Big toe DORSIFLEXION + fanning = UMN lesion (abnormal in adults)"),
            ("Babinski -ve", "Plantar FLEXION = normal in adults"),
            ("Normal in infants", "Up to 2 yrs (pyramidal tract not yet myelinated)"),
            ("Plantar arc", "Sural/tibial nerve → S1–S2 → Tibial nerve"),
            ("Oppenheim sign", "Stroke along tibia — same significance as Babinski"),
            ("Gordon sign", "Squeeze calf — same as Babinski (UMN)"),
            ("vs Taylor", "Queen Square: round head, long handle | Taylor: triangular, short"),
        ],
        "viva": [
            "What is a positive Babinski sign?",
            "Spinal level of plantar reflex?",
            "Normal plantar response in adults vs infants?",
            "Difference between Queen Square and Taylor hammer?",
        ],
    },
]

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# BUILD THE PDF
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

story = []

# ── HEADER ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
header_data = [[
    Paragraph("ICMHE 2nd Year MBBS — Practical Spotter Quick Reference", title_style),
]]
header_table = Table(header_data, colWidths=[19.4*cm])
header_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,-1), DARK_BLUE),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS", (0,0), (-1,-1), [DARK_BLUE]),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("ROUNDEDCORNERS", [4]),
]))
story.append(header_table)

subtitle_data = [[
    Paragraph("Stethoscope | BP Cuff | Thermometer | Pulse Oximeter | Knee Jerk Hammer | Queen Square Hammer", sub_title_style),
]]
sub_table = Table(subtitle_data, colWidths=[19.4*cm])
sub_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,-1), MID_BLUE),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
]))
story.append(sub_table)
story.append(Spacer(1, 3*mm))

# ── INSTRUMENT CARDS (3 x 2 grid) ─────────────────────────────────
def build_card(instr):
    """Return a list of flowables that make up one instrument card."""
    c = instr["color"]

    # Title bar
    title_p = Paragraph(instr["name"], style("ct",
        fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=8, textColor=WHITE,
        alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=10))
    title_cell = [[title_p]]
    t_title = Table(title_cell, colWidths=[9.1*cm])
    t_title.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), c),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ]))

    # Normal value banner
    if instr["normal"]:
        nv = Paragraph(instr["normal"], style("nv",
            fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.5, textColor=GREEN,
            alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=8))
        nv_cell = [[nv]]
        t_nv = Table(nv_cell, colWidths=[9.1*cm])
        t_nv.setStyle(TableStyle([
            ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), GREEN_BG),
            ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
            ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
        ]))
    else:
        t_nv = None

    # Parts
    parts_p = Paragraph(
        f'<font color="#1a3c6b"><b>Parts:</b></font> {instr["parts"]}',
        body_style)
    parts_cell = [[parts_p]]
    t_parts = Table(parts_cell, colWidths=[9.1*cm])
    t_parts.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), LIGHT_BLUE),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ]))

    # Key facts table
    kf_rows = []
    for k, v in instr["key_facts"]:
        key_p = Paragraph(k, style("kk", fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.3,
            textColor=DARK_BLUE, leading=8))
        val_p = Paragraph(v, style("kv", fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=6.3,
            textColor=GREY_TEXT, leading=8))
        kf_rows.append([key_p, val_p])

    t_kf = Table(kf_rows, colWidths=[2.5*cm, 6.4*cm])
    t_kf.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), WHITE),
        ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,0), (-1,-1), [WHITE, GREY_BG]),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 1.5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 1.5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (0,-1), 4),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (1,0), (1,-1), 3),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ("LINEBELOW",     (0,-1), (-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor("#cbd5e1")),
    ]))

    # Viva questions
    viva_header = Paragraph("⚡ VIVA Q's", style("vh",
        fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=6.5, textColor=ACCENT,
        leading=8))
    viva_rows = [[viva_header]]
    for q in instr["viva"]:
        viva_rows.append([Paragraph(f"▸ {q}", style("vq",
            fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=6.2, textColor=GREY_TEXT, leading=8))])

    t_viva = Table(viva_rows, colWidths=[9.1*cm])
    t_viva.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), LIGHT_GOLD),
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (0,0),  colors.HexColor("#fff3e0")),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 1.5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 1.5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
        ("BOX",           (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, GOLD),
    ]))

    # Outer card border
    card_content = [
        [t_title],
    ]
    if t_nv:
        card_content.append([t_nv])
    card_content.append([t_parts])
    card_content.append([t_kf])
    card_content.append([t_viva])

    outer = Table(card_content, colWidths=[9.1*cm])
    outer.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BOX",           (0,0), (-1,-1), 1, c),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("ROUNDEDCORNERS", [3]),
    ]))
    return outer

# Build 3-column grid: 2 rows of 3
GAP = 0.6*cm
col_w = 9.1*cm

rows = [instruments[0:3], instruments[3:6]]
for row_instruments in rows:
    cards = [build_card(i) for i in row_instruments]
    grid = Table(
        [cards],
        colWidths=[col_w, col_w, col_w],
        hAlign="CENTER",
    )
    grid.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 0),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
    ]))
    story.append(grid)
    story.append(Spacer(1, 3*mm))

# ── GOLDEN RULES BAR ──────────────────────────────────────────────
rules = [
    "1. Name instrument immediately",
    "2. State parts & use",
    "3. Always give NORMAL values",
    "4. Mention spinal level for reflexes",
    "5. UMN vs LMN for reflex hammers",
    "6. CO poisoning → false HIGH SpO₂",
    "7. Rectal > Oral > Axillary (temp)",
]
rules_cells = [[Paragraph(r, style("rc",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=6.3, textColor=DARK_BLUE, leading=8))
    for r in rules]]
rules_table = Table(rules_cells, colWidths=[2.77*cm]*7)
rules_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("BOX",           (0,0), (-1,-1), 1, MID_BLUE),
    ("INNERGRID",     (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_BLUE),
    ("ALIGN",         (0,0), (-1,-1), "CENTER"),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
]))

golden_label = [[Paragraph("⭐  GOLDEN RULES FOR TOMORROW  ⭐", style("gl",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=7.5, textColor=WHITE,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=10))]]
gl_table = Table(golden_label, colWidths=[19.4*cm])
gl_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), DARK_BLUE),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
]))
story.append(gl_table)
story.append(rules_table)

# ── FOOTER ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 2*mm))
footer_data = [[Paragraph(
    "ICMHE 2nd Year MBBS Practical Exam  |  All the best! You've got this!  |  "
    "Prepared: June 2026",
    footer_style)]]
footer_table = Table(footer_data, colWidths=[19.4*cm])
footer_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 2),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), GREY_BG),
]))
story.append(footer_table)

# ── BUILD ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF saved to: {output_path}")