Dic a notes from harrison in immage format
"disseminated intravascular coagulation"
disseminated intravascular coagulation current diagnosis management guideline ISTH
disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC pathogenesis platelet microthrombi fibrin degradation diagram
A single high-yield medical study note infographic titled “Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)” for MBBS/medical students. Include clear sections: Definition: acquired systemic activation of coagulation causing microvascular thrombosis, consumption of platelets and clotting factors, bleeding and organ dysfunction. Common causes: sepsis, trauma, obstetric catastrophe, malignancy especially acute promyelocytic leukemia and mucin-producing adenocarcinoma, severe tissue injury. Pathogenesis flow: trigger/inflammation -> tissue factor and thrombin excess -> fibrin microthrombi -> organ ischemia; simultaneous consumption of platelets/factors and abnormal fibrinolysis -> bleeding. Clinical features: diffuse bleeding/oozing, petechiae or purpura, thrombosis, shock and multiorgan dysfunction. Labs: low platelets, prolonged PT and aPTT, low fibrinogen, raised D-dimer/FDP, schistocytes may be present. Diagnosis: use serial tests and ISTH overt DIC score. Treatment: urgently treat the cause, support bleeding with platelet transfusion/FFP/cryoprecipitate as clinically indicated, consider anticoagulation only when thrombosis predominates and specialist guidance supports it. Add a red-flag line: DIC is a medical emergency. Use correct spelling, concise text, clean educational anatomy-free diagram style.
- Definition: An acquired syndrome of systemic, uncontrolled coagulation activation causing microvascular fibrin thrombosis, consumption of platelets and clotting factors, bleeding, and possible organ dysfunction.
- Common causes: Sepsis, major trauma, obstetric emergencies such as placental abruption or amniotic fluid embolism, malignancy especially APL and mucin-producing adenocarcinoma, severe tissue injury.
- Core mechanism: Excess thrombin generation plus impaired physiological anticoagulation and abnormal fibrinolysis.
- Microthrombi -> tissue ischemia and organ dysfunction
- Factor/platelet consumption -> bleeding
- Clinical features: Oozing from venepuncture sites, mucosal bleeding, petechiae/purpura, ecchymoses, thrombosis, shock, renal or respiratory dysfunction.
- Typical tests: Platelets ↓, PT/INR ↑, often aPTT ↑, fibrinogen ↓, D-dimer/FDP ↑. Schistocytes may occur.
- Diagnosis: Use serial coagulation tests and the ISTH overt-DIC score, incorporating platelet count, D-dimer, PT, and fibrinogen.
- Treatment: Treat the trigger urgently. Give blood-component support for clinically important bleeding or an invasive procedure when indicated. Anticoagulation is reserved for selected thrombosis-predominant situations under specialist advice.
Find the latest guidelines for DIC management