Hydrocort use for

Reading File

Finding Sources

Searching PubMed

hydrocortisone clinical uses indications

Finding Sources

Reading File

I now have thorough information from multiple authoritative textbooks. Here is the full answer:

Hydrocortisone (Hydrocort) - Uses

Hydrocortisone is the synthetic form of cortisol, the body's natural glucocorticoid. It has both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity, making it uniquely suited for certain indications.

1. Adrenal Insufficiency (Primary Indication)

Chronic replacement (Addison's disease / primary adrenal insufficiency):

Oral hydrocortisone 15-25 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses, combined with fludrocortisone 50-100 µg/day for mineralocorticoid replacement
New modified/delayed-release formulations (e.g., Plenadren) mimic the natural circadian cortisol pattern and allow lower total daily doses

Adrenal crisis (acute adrenal insufficiency):

100 mg IV bolus, then 50 mg IV every 6 hours (or 200 mg over 24h by continuous infusion) - per Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E
IV saline + glucose co-administered
Mineralocorticoid replacement is not needed until hydrocortisone dose drops below 100 mg/day

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH):

Hydrocortisone is the preferred glucocorticoid for suppressing excess ACTH and androgen overproduction, especially in children (due to its short half-life and less growth suppression) - per Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 16E

Secondary/Tertiary adrenal insufficiency (hypopituitarism):

Oral hydrocortisone (or prednisone) replacement; glucocorticoid must be started before thyroid hormone to avoid precipitating adrenal crisis - per Mulholland and Greenfield's Surgery

2. Septic Shock (ICU Use)

Hydrocortisone 200-300 mg/day IV (divided q6-8h) for refractory/pressor-dependent septic shock
Preferred over other steroids because it provides both glucocorticoid AND mineralocorticoid effects
Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2021 guidelines recommend 200 mg/day IV for patients on vasopressors
One trial (APROCCHSS) showed 90-day mortality benefit when hydrocortisone 50 mg q6h + fludrocortisone 50 µg/day were combined
NOTE: High-dose corticosteroids in septic shock are not beneficial; only low-to-moderate stress doses are used - per Fischer's Mastery of Surgery 8E, Washington Manual

3. Perioperative Stress Dosing ("Steroid Cover")

Patients on long-term steroids or with known adrenal insufficiency need supplemental hydrocortisone during surgery to prevent intraoperative adrenal crisis:

Day of surgery: 100 mg IV hydrocortisone
Tapered over subsequent post-op days
Per Pye's Surgical Handicraft and Clinical Anesthesia (Barash 9e)

4. Topical / Dermatological Uses

Atopic dermatitis / eczema: Topical 1% hydrocortisone cream (mild potency corticosteroid); note that 0.03%-0.1% tacrolimus is more effective for moderate-severe atopic dermatitis in adults and children
Contact dermatitis, intertrigo, seborrhea
Candidal diaper dermatitis: Topical hydrocortisone may be added to an antifungal when inflammation is significant
Anal pruritus/hemorrhoids: Hydrocortisone suppositories (Anucort-HC), enema (Cortenema), and foam (Cortifoam) are used for anorectal inflammation
Long-term topical use is cautioned (can cause steroid rosacea, skin atrophy) - per Andrews' Diseases of the Skin

5. Rectal / GI Inflammatory Conditions

Hydrocortisone enema and foam preparations are used for distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis (alongside budesonide foam)
Per Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Pharmacology

6. Pregnancy-Associated Adrenal Crisis

IV hydrocortisone sodium succinate 100 mg stat, then 300-400 mg over 24h, with IV saline/glucose - per Creasy & Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine

7. Anaphylaxis (Adjunct)

Hydrocortisone IV is used as a secondary agent in anaphylaxis management (after epinephrine, which remains first-line) to reduce delayed/biphasic reactions

Dosage Summary

Indication	Route	Dose
Adrenal crisis	IV	100 mg bolus, then 200 mg/24h
Chronic adrenal insufficiency	Oral	15-25 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses
Septic shock (refractory)	IV	200-300 mg/day in divided doses
Perioperative stress cover	IV	100 mg on day of surgery
Topical dermatitis	Topical	1% cream/ointment
Rectal inflammation	Rectal	Enema/foam/suppository forms

Key Advantage Over Other Corticosteroids

Hydrocortisone is the only common glucocorticoid that also has clinically significant mineralocorticoid activity, making it the drug of choice when both glucocorticoid AND fluid/electrolyte support are needed (e.g., adrenal crisis, septic shock). For conditions where pure anti-inflammatory effect is needed without salt retention, agents like prednisone, dexamethasone, or methylprednisolone are preferred.

Sources: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E (2025), Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 16E, Fischer's Mastery of Surgery 8E, Barash Clinical Anesthesia 9E, Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Pharmacology, Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, Creasy & Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Copd inj

Finding Sources

Reading File

Finding Sources

Reading File

Excellent - I now have comprehensive data from multiple authoritative sources. Here is the full answer:

Injectable (IV/IM) Drugs Used in COPD

Most COPD management uses inhaled or oral drugs, but injectables are used during acute exacerbations (AECOPD) when patients cannot take oral medications, are severely ill, or need ICU-level care.

1. Corticosteroids (IV/IM)

Drug: Hydrocortisone sodium succinate / Methylprednisolone

Drug	IV/IM Dose
Hydrocortisone succinate	100-500 mg IV every 12 hours
Methylprednisolone	40-125 mg IV q6-24h

When to use IV instead of oral:

Patient cannot tolerate oral intake (vomiting, intubated)
Shock / impaired GI absorption
Otherwise, oral is equally effective - no benefit from IV over oral in patients who can swallow

Key points:

Short course of 5-7 days improves lung function, hypoxemia, and shortens recovery - per Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine
Prednisone 40 mg/day x 5 days is the recommended oral equivalent
No benefit from doses above 40-60 mg prednisone equivalent
Main adverse effect: hyperglycemia

Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine

2. Aminophylline (IV Methylxanthine) - Third Line

Drug: Aminophylline (ethylenediamine salt of theophylline)

Dose: 3-5 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes (loading), then 0.5 mg/kg/hour maintenance

Mechanism: Phosphodiesterase inhibition → bronchodilation; also improves diaphragmatic contractility and respiratory drive

Important caveats:

Nebulized beta-2 agonists are preferred over IV aminophylline for AECOPD
IV aminophylline is NOT routinely recommended; used only when patient fails or cannot tolerate beta-2 agonists
If patient is already on oral theophylline chronically - do NOT stop during exacerbation (risk of decompensation), but halve the loading dose and monitor plasma levels
Narrow therapeutic window; risk of arrhythmias, seizures, nausea at toxic levels
Adding aminophylline to nebulized beta-2 agonists does NOT increase bronchodilation further

Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders

3. Antibiotics (IV)

Used when there is evidence of a bacterial trigger for exacerbation (increased sputum volume + purulence + worsening dyspnea = Anthonisen Type 1 or 2 criteria).

Patient Category	Common Pathogens	IV Antibiotic Options
No risk factors	H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis	IV Cephalosporin (2nd/3rd gen), IV Macrolide
Risk factors present (age >65, FEV1 <50%, >3 exacerbations/year, recent antibiotics)	Above + gram-negative rods, Pseudomonas	IV Antipseudomonal fluoroquinolone or IV Piperacillin-tazobactam

Duration: 3-7 days (some guidelines allow up to 14 days)
If recent antibiotic exposure, use an agent from an alternative class
Take local resistance patterns into account

Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine

4. Magnesium Sulfate IV - Selective Use Only

Dose: 2-4 g IV over 10 minutes

Used as a bronchodilator (calcium channel antagonism in airway smooth muscle)
Not routinely recommended in COPD exacerbations - evidence does not support standard use
May be considered in severe refractory bronchospasm when other agents have failed

Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine

5. Vasopressors (in COPD + Septic Shock or Respiratory Failure)

If AECOPD triggers sepsis or hemodynamic compromise:

Norepinephrine IV - first-line vasopressor
Hydrocortisone 200 mg/day IV - added for refractory vasopressor-dependent shock (see corticosteroids above)

Summary Table

Injectable Drug	Route	Indication in COPD	Dose
Hydrocortisone / Methylprednisolone	IV/IM	Acute exacerbation (when oral not feasible)	100-500 mg hydrocortisone q12h or methylprednisolone 40-125 mg
Aminophylline	IV	Refractory bronchospasm, 3rd line	3-5 mg/kg loading over 30 min, then 0.5 mg/kg/hr
Antibiotics (e.g., ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, levofloxacin)	IV	Bacterial exacerbation trigger	Per pathogen and risk
Magnesium sulfate	IV	Severe refractory bronchospasm (selective)	2-4 g over 10 min

Key principle: In AECOPD, nebulized short-acting beta-2 agonists (salbutamol/albuterol) + ipratropium remain the first-line bronchodilators - these are not injectables but are the backbone of treatment. IV drugs are adjuncts for severe/hospitalized cases.

Sources: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, Textbook of Family Medicine 9e

Respiratory wheezing inj

Finding Sources

Reading File

Finding Sources

Reading File

Finding Sources

I now have comprehensive data. Here is the complete answer:

Injectable Drugs for Respiratory Wheezing

Wheezing indicates airway narrowing (bronchospasm). The cause determines the injectable drug of choice - acute severe asthma, COPD exacerbation, and anaphylaxis are the most common emergencies requiring injectables.

1. Epinephrine (Adrenaline) - FIRST LINE for Anaphylaxis / Severe Bronchospasm

The most potent bronchodilator available. Acts on beta-2 receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle AND on alpha receptors to reduce mucosal edema.

Route	Concentration	Dose	Indication
IM (thigh)	1:1000 (1 mg/mL)	0.01 mg/kg up to 0.5 mg	Anaphylaxis - FIRST LINE
SC	1:1000 (1 mg/mL)	0.01 mg/kg; max 0.5 mg (adult); 0.3 mg (child)	Severe asthma if no IV access
IV	1:10,000 (0.1 mg/mL)	0.1-0.25 mg slow IV over 5-10 min, repeat q5-15 min; or 0.001 mg/kg bolus then 0.1-1 mcg/kg/min infusion	Refractory anaphylaxis / cardiac arrest

Key points:

IM into the outer thigh is faster and more reliable than SC for anaphylaxis
IV epinephrine carries risk of lethal arrhythmia - cardiac monitoring mandatory
Standard EpiPen dose for adults: 0.5 mg IM
Repeat IM dose up to twice if needed

Rosen's Emergency Medicine, Harriet Lane Handbook 23e, Red Book 2021

2. Terbutaline (SC / IV) - Beta-2 Selective Agonist

Preferred parenteral beta-2 agonist when inhaled therapy is insufficient (minimal air entry, severe bronchospasm, intubated patient).

Route	Dose
SC	0.01 mg/kg/dose (max 0.25 mg); q20 min x 3 doses then q2-6h
IV loading	4-10 mcg/kg IV over 10-20 min
IV infusion	0.1-10 mcg/kg/min (titrated to effect)

Advantages over epinephrine: More beta-2 selective, safer cardiac profile, preferred in asthma without anaphylaxis.

Indication: Severe acute asthma with minimal air entry; IV administration may decrease need for mechanical ventilation.

Harriet Lane Handbook 23e, Miller's Anesthesia 10e, Katzung's Pharmacology 16e

3. IV Magnesium Sulfate - Severe Refractory Bronchospasm

Mechanism: Calcium channel blocker - relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Also has some anti-inflammatory effect.

Population	Dose	Rate
Adults	1-2 g IV	Over 20-30 minutes
Children	25-75 mg/kg IV (max 2 g)	Over 20 minutes

When to use:

Severe acute asthma (FEV1 / PEFR < 25% predicted) refractory to standard bronchodilators
Patients not responding to inhaled beta-2 agonists + corticosteroids after 1 hour
NOT routinely recommended in COPD (evidence does not support standard use)

Side effects (dose-related): Flushing, warmth, sweating, nausea, muscle weakness, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory depression.

Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Washington Manual, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases, Harriet Lane Handbook

4. Systemic Corticosteroids (IV / IM)

Reduce airway inflammation; effect takes 4-6 hours to begin but reduces relapse and length of stay.

Drug	IV / IM Dose	Notes
Methylprednisolone	125 mg IV (adults); 1-2 mg/kg IV (children)	Most commonly used IV steroid
Hydrocortisone	100-200 mg IV q4-6h	Equivalent option
Dexamethasone	0.15-0.6 mg/kg PO/IV/IM	Single dose; equal efficacy to 5-day prednisone

Key points:

IV and oral are equally effective if patient can swallow
Use IV only if patient cannot tolerate oral or is in severe shock
Short 5-day course recommended (no benefit to longer courses)
Main side effect: hyperglycemia (monitor blood glucose)

Rosen's Emergency Medicine, Harriet Lane Handbook 23e, Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine

5. Aminophylline (IV Methylxanthine) - Third/Last Line

Population	Loading Dose	Maintenance Infusion
Adults	3-5 mg/kg IV over 30 min	0.5 mg/kg/hr
Children	6 mg/kg IV over 20 min	0.5-1.2 mg/kg/hr (age-dependent)

Mechanism: Phosphodiesterase inhibition → bronchodilation + improved respiratory drive + diaphragmatic contractility

Important caveats:

Last-line option - not superior to nebulized beta-2 agonists
Narrow therapeutic window; toxic levels cause nausea, tachycardia, seizures, arrhythmias
If patient is already on oral theophylline: halve the loading dose + check plasma levels
Low-dose theophylline also sensitizes corticosteroid receptors (reverses steroid resistance)

Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Harriet Lane Handbook 23e, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases

6. Ketamine (IV) - Bronchodilator + RSI Agent

Dose: 1-2 mg/kg IV loading, then 1 mg/kg/hr infusion

Mechanism: Catecholamine release + direct smooth muscle relaxation → bronchodilation

When to use:

Status asthmaticus refractory to all conventional therapy
Drug of choice for RSI/intubation in severe asthma (bronchodilates while inducing anesthesia)
NOT effective as a sole bronchodilator - secondary/adjunct agent

Caution: Increases salivation (may cause laryngospasm), increases ICP, causes emergence reactions.

Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Miller's Anesthesia 10e, Barash Clinical Anesthesia 9e

7. Diphenhydramine (IV/IM) - Anaphylaxis-Related Wheezing

Dose: 1-2 mg/kg IV/IM (max 50 mg/dose)

Antihistamine adjunct in anaphylaxis; does NOT replace epinephrine. Used for urticaria + mild allergic wheeze as secondary therapy.

Quick Reference Summary by Severity

Severity	Injectable Drug(s) of Choice
Anaphylaxis + wheezing	Epinephrine IM 0.5 mg (FIRST LINE) + IV corticosteroid + antihistamine
Acute severe asthma	IV/IM methylprednisolone + IV MgSO4 + SC/IV terbutaline if inhaled fails
Status asthmaticus (refractory)	IV terbutaline infusion + IV ketamine + IV aminophylline
Pre-intubation / RSI	Ketamine IV 1-2 mg/kg (drug of choice in asthma)
COPD exacerbation	IV methylprednisolone (if oral not feasible) + IV antibiotics

Sources: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Rosen's Emergency Medicine, Miller's Anesthesia 10e, Harriet Lane Handbook 23e, Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases, Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics

Hydrocort inj for adults dose age

Finding Sources

Reading File

I now have all the data needed for a complete, indication-by-indication adult dosing table. Here is the full answer:

Hydrocortisone Injection - Adult Doses by Indication

Available forms: Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef) - for IV/IM use Standard vials: 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg powder for reconstitution

1. Adrenal Crisis (Acute Adrenal Insufficiency)

Most common and critical use of IV hydrocortisone.

Step	Dose	Route
Bolus (stat)	100 mg	IV push
Maintenance - Day 1	200 mg over 24h (as continuous infusion OR 50 mg IV q6h)	IV
Taper	Reduce gradually over subsequent days as condition improves	IV → oral

Mineralocorticoid replacement (fludrocortisone) NOT needed until daily hydrocortisone dose is reduced to < 50-100 mg/day - at high doses hydrocortisone itself provides enough mineralocorticoid effect
Add IV saline + dextrose simultaneously

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E (2025), Frameworks for Internal Medicine, Rosen's Emergency Medicine, Barash Clinical Anesthesia 9e

2. Septic Shock (Refractory / Vasopressor-Dependent)

Dose	Regimen
200 mg/day IV	50 mg IV every 6 hours (most common regimen)
Alternative	Continuous infusion 200 mg/24h
Maximum	< 300 mg/day

Use only when shock is refractory to fluids AND vasopressors
Continue until vasopressors are no longer needed, then taper
For added benefit: combine with fludrocortisone 50 mcg/day oral (APROCCHSS trial)
Preferred over other steroids because it provides both glucocorticoid + mineralocorticoid effects

Schwartz's Principles of Surgery 11e, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E (2025), Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics

3. Perioperative Stress Dosing ("Steroid Cover")

For patients on chronic steroids (>20 mg/day prednisone equivalent for >3 weeks) who have a suppressed HPA axis.

Surgery Type	Pre-op Dose	Post-op Dose
Minor surgery (e.g., hernia repair)	Usual morning dose only - no extra hydrocortisone needed	Resume normal regimen
Moderate stress surgery (e.g., joint replacement)	50 mg IV at induction	25 mg IV q8h x 24h, then resume normal dose on Day 2
Major surgery (e.g., CABG, major abdominal)	100 mg IV before induction	50 mg IV q8h x 24h, then taper on Day 2-3
Adrenalectomy / Adrenal surgery	100 mg IV q8h intraoperatively	Continue and taper postoperatively

Barash Clinical Anesthesia 9e, Fischer's Mastery of Surgery 8e, Morgan and Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology 7e

4. Severe Asthma / Acute Bronchospasm

Dose	Route	Frequency
100-500 mg	IV or IM	Every 12 hours

Use when patient cannot take oral steroids
Oral prednisolone/prednisone equally effective if patient can swallow
Switch to oral as soon as possible

Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 14e

5. Anaphylaxis (Adjunct - NOT first line)

Dose	Route
200 mg IV	Slow IV push
Or 100-500 mg IV/IM	q6-8h as needed

Epinephrine remains FIRST LINE - hydrocortisone is an adjunct only
Prevents biphasic/late-phase reactions
Onset delayed (4-6 hours) - does NOT treat the acute event

6. Contrast Reaction Premedication (when oral not possible)

Dose	Route	Timing
200 mg IV	IV	Replace each oral prednisone dose

Given when patient cannot take oral methylprednisolone/prednisone premedication.

Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology

7. Thyroid Storm / Rapid Thyroid Replacement Cover

Dose
50 mg IV q8h

Prevents precipitating adrenal crisis when rapidly replacing thyroid hormone in hypothyroid patients.

Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics

Quick Dose Reference Summary Table

Indication	Dose	Route	Frequency
Adrenal crisis	100 mg bolus then 200 mg/day	IV	q6h or continuous
Septic shock	200 mg/day (max 300 mg/day)	IV	50 mg q6h or infusion
Major surgery stress cover	100 mg pre-op then 50 mg q8h	IV	x 6 doses (24h)
Moderate surgery stress cover	50 mg pre-op then 25 mg q8h	IV	x 6 doses (24h)
Severe asthma	100-500 mg	IV/IM	q12h
Anaphylaxis (adjunct)	100-200 mg	IV	Once / q6-8h
Contrast premedication	200 mg	IV	Per dose interval

Age-Related Notes in Adults

Age Group	Consideration
Young adults (18-40)	Standard doses as above
Elderly (>65 years)	Use lowest effective dose; higher risk of hyperglycemia, fluid retention, and osteoporosis with repeated use; monitor blood glucose and electrolytes closely
Patients with hepatic failure	Hydrocortisone metabolism may be reduced; use cautiously
Pregnancy	Hydrocortisone is the preferred glucocorticoid (minimal placental transfer); adrenal crisis in pregnancy treated same as non-pregnant adults

Sources: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E (2025), Barash Clinical Anesthesia 9e, Fischer's Mastery of Surgery 8e, Schwartz's Principles of Surgery 11e, Goodman & Gilman's Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics, Rosen's Emergency Medicine

29 kg boy paracetamol calculation

Finding Sources

Reading File

I now have all the textbook data. Here is the complete calculated answer:

Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) for a 29 kg Boy

Standard Dose Formula

10-15 mg/kg per dose, every 4-6 hours

Calculation for 29 kg

Dose Level	Formula	Result
Low dose (10 mg/kg)	29 × 10	290 mg per dose
Standard dose (12.5 mg/kg)	29 × 12.5	362.5 mg per dose
High dose (15 mg/kg)	29 × 15	435 mg per dose

Practical dose: 290-435 mg per dose - round to nearest available tablet/syrup strength

Maximum Daily Dose (29 kg)

Rule	Calculation	Result
75 mg/kg/day	29 × 75	2175 mg/day
Absolute maximum	(whichever is less)	2175 mg/day
Max doses per day	Not more than 5 doses	q4-6h

At 29 kg, the 75 mg/kg/day rule (2175 mg/day) is the limiting factor - the adult cap of 4000 mg/day does NOT apply.

Route-Specific Doses for 29 kg

Route	Dose per Dose	Frequency	Max Daily
Oral (PO) syrup/tablet	290-435 mg	q4-6h	2175 mg/day
Rectal (PR) suppository	290-580 mg (10-20 mg/kg)	q4-6h	2175 mg/day
IV (Paracetamol infusion)	435 mg (15 mg/kg)	q6h	< 75 mg/kg/day = 2175 mg/day

IV paracetamol (Perfalgan/Ofirmev): Used for children < 50 kg. Dose = 15 mg/kg per dose IV over 15 min. For 29 kg = 435 mg IV q6h
For children ≥ 50 kg the dose becomes fixed at 1000 mg (adult dose)

Available Formulations - What to Give

Formulation	Strength	Volume/Amount for ~290-435 mg
Syrup/Suspension	120 mg/5 mL	12-18 mL per dose
Syrup/Suspension	160 mg/5 mL	9-14 mL per dose
Paediatric tablet	250 mg	1-1.5 tablets
Standard tablet	500 mg	½ - 1 tablet
Suppository	125 mg / 250 mg	1-2 suppositories
IV infusion	10 mg/mL (100 mL vial)	43.5 mL (= 435 mg)

Practical Prescription Example

Paracetamol 400 mg (oral/syrup) every 6 hours as needed for pain/fever Maximum 5 doses in 24 hours. Do not exceed 2175 mg in 24 hours.

OR using 120 mg/5 mL syrup: Give ~15 mL (= 360 mg) every 6 hours

Toxicity Warning

Doses > 140 mg/kg in a single ingestion can cause hepatotoxicity (paracetamol poisoning)
For 29 kg boy: toxic single dose > 4060 mg (single dose)
Chronic overdose risk begins at > 100-200 mg/kg/day for > 2 days
Treat overdose with N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Sources: Rosen's Emergency Medicine (Table 157.5 Systemic Analgesics), Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine, Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease

Medical terminology

Asking for Preferences

Your credits are exhausted. You can purchase a top-up or subscribe to a plan to continue using Orris. If you're already subscribed, your daily credits will reset tomorrow.

Create a prefixes & suffixes reference guide

Your credits are exhausted. You can purchase a top-up or subscribe to a plan to continue using Orris. If you're already subscribed, your daily credits will reset tomorrow.

Typhoid inj

Your credits are exhausted. You can purchase a top-up or subscribe to a plan to continue using Orris. If you're already subscribed, your daily credits will reset tomorrow.

Inj for typhoid

Your credits are exhausted. You can purchase a top-up or subscribe to a plan to continue using Orris. If you're already subscribed, your daily credits will reset tomorrow.

This is a shared conversation. Sign in to Orris to start your own chat.