Area of abdomen with theirs lumps

Reading File

Finding Sources

Searching Images

abdominal regions quadrants anatomy diagram

Reading File

Finding Sources

Reading File

Loading Image

Finding Sources

Searching Images

nine regions abdomen epigastric hypochondriac lumbar iliac hypogastric umbilical

Finding Sources

I now have enough information to give a comprehensive, well-organized answer. Let me compile this from the textbook content, my medical knowledge, and the images found.

Abdominal Regions and Their Associated Lumps/Masses

The Nine Regions of the Abdomen

The abdomen is classically divided into 9 regions by two vertical lines (along the midclavicular lines) and two horizontal lines (at the subcostal plane through the lowest point of the 10th ribs, and the transtubercular/intertubercular plane through the iliac crests).

General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System (THIEME Atlas), p. 220

┌─────────────────┬──────────────────┬──────────────────┐
│  RIGHT          │   EPIGASTRIC     │  LEFT            │
│  HYPOCHONDRIAC  │   REGION         │  HYPOCHONDRIAC   │
├─────────────────┼──────────────────┼──────────────────┤
│  RIGHT LUMBAR   │   UMBILICAL      │  LEFT LUMBAR     │
│  (LATERAL)      │   REGION         │  (LATERAL)       │
├─────────────────┼──────────────────┼──────────────────┤
│  RIGHT ILIAC    │   HYPOGASTRIC    │  LEFT ILIAC      │
│  FOSSA (RIF)    │   (PUBIC)        │  FOSSA (LIF)     │
└─────────────────┴──────────────────┴──────────────────┘

Alternatively, the abdomen is divided into 4 quadrants by a horizontal and vertical line crossing at the umbilicus: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ.

Lumps/Masses by Abdominal Region

1. Right Hypochondriac Region

Liver — hepatomegaly, hepatic cyst, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver abscess, metastatic deposits
Gallbladder — cholecystitis (tender Courvoisier's sign mass), mucocele, carcinoma
Right kidney — hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney, renal cell carcinoma (moves with respiration)
Hepatic flexure of colon — carcinoma, Crohn's disease
Adrenal gland — adrenal tumour

2. Epigastric Region

Stomach — gastric carcinoma, pyloric stenosis (succussion splash), bezoar
Liver left lobe — hepatomegaly
Pancreas — pseudocyst, pancreatic carcinoma (often presents as hard fixed mass)
Aortic aneurysm — expansile, pulsatile mass
Omentum — omental cyst, omental tumour (cake-like mass)
Epigastric hernia — through the linea alba

3. Left Hypochondriac Region

Spleen — splenomegaly (cannot get above it, notch on medial border, moves diagonally toward RIF on inspiration)
Left kidney — hydronephrosis, renal cell carcinoma
Splenic flexure of colon — carcinoma
Pancreatic tail — carcinoma, pseudocyst
Adrenal gland — tumour

4. Right Lumbar (Lateral) Region

Ascending colon — carcinoma, Crohn's disease inflammatory mass
Right kidney — lower pole tumour, hydronephrosis
Retroperitoneal tumour — sarcoma, lymphoma
Psoas abscess — cold abscess tracking down from TB vertebra

5. Umbilical Region

Aorta — abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) — pulsatile, expansile
Transverse colon — carcinoma
Mesenteric cyst — mobile mass that moves perpendicular to mesenteric root
Omentum — omental cyst
Umbilical hernia — through umbilical ring
Sister Mary Joseph's nodule — umbilical metastatic deposit (gastric/GI/ovarian cancer)
Small bowel — lymphoma, carcinoid, intussusception

6. Left Lumbar (Lateral) Region

Descending colon — carcinoma, diverticular mass
Left kidney — tumour, hydronephrosis
Retroperitoneal tumour — sarcoma, lymphoma
Psoas abscess

7. Right Iliac Fossa (RIF)

Appendix — appendix mass/abscess, carcinoid tumour
Caecum — caecal carcinoma, Crohn's disease ileocaecal mass
Right ovary/tube (female) — ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, salpingo-oophoritis (tubo-ovarian abscess)
Iliac lymph nodes — lymphoma, lymphadenopathy
Psoas abscess — pointing into RIF
Undescended testis
Iliac artery aneurysm

8. Hypogastric/Pubic (Suprapubic) Region

Urinary bladder — distended bladder (smooth, dull to percussion, does not separate from pubis), bladder carcinoma
Uterus — pregnant uterus, fibroids (uterine leiomyomata), carcinoma
Ovaries — large ovarian cyst (can extend into this region)
Pelvic abscess — from appendicitis, diverticulitis, pelvic inflammatory disease
Rectum — faecal loading, rectal carcinoma

9. Left Iliac Fossa (LIF)

Sigmoid colon — carcinoma of sigmoid, diverticular disease (can form a diverticular mass — "left-sided appendicitis")
Left ovary/tube (female) — ovarian cyst, ectopic pregnancy, tubo-ovarian abscess
Iliac lymph nodes — lymphoma, lymphadenopathy
Iliac artery aneurysm
Undescended testis

Key Clinical Tips for Examining Abdominal Lumps

Feature	Significance
Moves with respiration	Intraperitoneal (liver, spleen, gallbladder, stomach)
Can get above it	If not, likely liver/spleen (comes from under costal margin)
Pulsatile & expansile	Vascular (AAA — bimanual lateral expansion)
Ballottable / bimanually palpable	Renal mass (retroperitoneal)
Moves perpendicular to mesentery	Mesenteric cyst
Resonant to percussion	Hollow viscus (bowel, distended bladder)
Dull to percussion	Solid organ or fluid-filled (liver, spleen, cyst)
Cannot be separated from umbilicus	Bladder, uterus
Hard, irregular, non-tender, fixed	Suspect malignancy
Tender, warm, soft	Inflammatory (abscess, Crohn's mass)

The 4-Quadrant System (Alternative)

Quadrant	Common Lumps
RUQ	Liver, gallbladder, right kidney, hepatic flexure
LUQ	Spleen, left kidney, stomach, splenic flexure
RLQ	Appendix mass, caecal carcinoma, right ovarian mass
LLQ	Sigmoid carcinoma, diverticular mass, left ovarian mass

Sources: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System (THIEME Atlas of Anatomy), p. 220; Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology 7e; Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22e

Can u make this a pdf

Reading File

Running Command

Jst convert this information into pdf format

Running Command

Done! Here's your PDF:

Abdominal Regions and Lumps

PDF Document · PDF

The PDF includes:

9-region grid diagram of the abdomen
All 9 regions with their associated lumps/masses
Clinical examination tips table (features + significance)
4-quadrant reference table
Source citations at the bottom

This is a shared conversation. Sign in to Orris to start your own chat.