Frontal view of two Finite Element Analysis (FEA) skull models representing a one-month-old infant with craniofacial anomalies. Model A illustrates a Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP), showing a singular discontinuity in the superior alveolar maxilla and cleft bone on the left side, with a noticeable deviation of the nasal septum away from the cleft. Model B illustrates a Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (BCLP), characterized by two symmetrical clefts flanking a central prolabium/premaxillary segment (labeled as cleft bone). In the BCLP model, the nasal septum is centrally positioned but isolated by the bilateral voids. Both models use color-coding to differentiate anatomical regions: yellow for the neurocranium and teal for the midface/maxillary structures. Labeled landmarks include the nasal bone, superior alveolar maxilla, nasal septum, cleft bone, and cleft edges. These models are designed for biomechanical simulation of external pressure treatments to correct maxillary alignment in pediatric patients.

This clinical educational image displays three views (A, B, C) of a plaster cast model derived from a 6-month-old infant with a congenital complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. View A (Anterior) shows the external facial structure, highlighting a significant cleft on the left side that disrupts the upper lip and nasal base. View B (Inferior/Basal) provides a comprehensive look at the internal defect, demonstrating a complete cleft through the alveolar ridge (jaw), hard palate, and soft palate, showing direct communication between the oral and nasal cavities. View C (Posterior) illustrates the dorsal aspect and the pharyngeal extension of the model. The model utilizes white plaster for the midface and forehead, while darker materials define the internal oral and pharyngeal structures. This specimen serves as an anatomical foundation for surgical simulators, specifically designed to teach undergraduate medical and dentistry students about orofacial cleft anatomy and surgical planning for repair procedures.

Anatomical diagram and 3D mesh model comparison of different cleft lip and palate (CLP) types, used in orthodontic and surgical planning. The image displays three distinct computer-aided design (CAD) templates. Left: Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) showing an asymmetrical alveolar ridge with a unilateral indentation. Center: Isolated cleft palate showing a more symmetrical, rounded arch with a central depression. Right: Bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) demonstrating a significant bilateral cleft through the alveolar ridge and a prominent premaxilla. Each mesh is annotated with a standardized set of ten colored landmarks (green, cyan, blue, yellow, and pink spheres) strategically placed to map the surface morphology. The landmarks are concentrated along the alveolar ridges and cleft margins to guide the automated registration of presurgical orthopedic plates. These templates represent the average palatal morphology for each cleft type, serving as educational models for clinical classification and surgical workflow automation in pediatric maxillofacial care.