from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt, Emu
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt
import io

# ─── Colour palette ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
DARK_BLUE   = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x37, 0x5F)   # header bar
MID_BLUE    = RGBColor(0x1F, 0x6F, 0xA8)   # sub-headings
ACCENT      = RGBColor(0x2E, 0xA8, 0xD0)   # top border line
LIGHT_GRAY  = RGBColor(0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF7)   # image placeholder bg
DARK_GRAY   = RGBColor(0x44, 0x44, 0x44)   # body text
WHITE       = RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF)
PLACEHOLDER_BORDER = RGBColor(0xAA, 0xCC, 0xDD)

prs = Presentation()
prs.slide_width  = Inches(13.333)
prs.slide_height = Inches(7.5)
blank_layout = prs.slide_layouts[6]

# ─── Helper: solid fill for a shape ──────────────────────────────────────────
def solid_fill(shape, rgb):
    shape.fill.solid()
    shape.fill.fore_color.rgb = rgb

def no_fill(shape):
    shape.fill.background()

def no_line(shape):
    shape.line.fill.background()

def add_text(slide, text, x, y, w, h, bold=False, size=11,
             color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, italic=False, wrap=True):
    tb = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    tf = tb.text_frame
    tf.word_wrap = wrap
    tf.margin_left = Pt(2)
    tf.margin_right = Pt(2)
    tf.margin_top = Pt(2)
    tf.margin_bottom = Pt(2)
    p = tf.paragraphs[0]
    p.alignment = align
    r = p.add_run()
    r.text = text
    r.font.bold = bold
    r.font.italic = italic
    r.font.size = Pt(size)
    r.font.color.rgb = color
    r.font.name = "Calibri"
    return tb

def add_rect(slide, x, y, w, h, fill_rgb=None, line_rgb=None, line_width=Pt(1)):
    shape = slide.shapes.add_shape(
        1,  # MSO_SHAPE_TYPE.RECTANGLE
        Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)
    )
    if fill_rgb:
        solid_fill(shape, fill_rgb)
    else:
        no_fill(shape)
    if line_rgb:
        shape.line.color.rgb = line_rgb
        shape.line.width = line_width
    else:
        no_line(shape)
    return shape

def image_placeholder(slide, x, y, w, h, label="[Insert Image Here]"):
    """Draw a styled placeholder box for an image."""
    box = add_rect(slide, x, y, w, h,
                   fill_rgb=LIGHT_GRAY, line_rgb=PLACEHOLDER_BORDER, line_width=Pt(1.5))
    # Label text centred inside
    tb = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    tf = tb.text_frame
    tf.word_wrap = True
    tf.vertical_anchor = MSO_ANCHOR.MIDDLE
    p = tf.paragraphs[0]
    p.alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER
    r = p.add_run()
    r.text = label
    r.font.italic = True
    r.font.size = Pt(9)
    r.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0x80, 0x80, 0x80)
    r.font.name = "Calibri"

def header_bar(slide, title, subtitle=None):
    """Full-width dark header bar at top."""
    add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, fill_rgb=DARK_BLUE)
    # Accent line
    add_rect(slide, 0, 1.05, 13.333, 0.07, fill_rgb=ACCENT)
    add_text(slide, title, 0.25, 0.05, 13.0, 0.65,
             bold=True, size=22, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)
    if subtitle:
        add_text(slide, subtitle, 0.25, 0.65, 13.0, 0.38,
                 bold=False, size=13, color=RGBColor(0xC8, 0xE0, 0xFF),
                 align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, italic=True)

def section_label(slide, text, x, y, w=4.0):
    """Small coloured section tag."""
    add_rect(slide, x, y, w, 0.30, fill_rgb=MID_BLUE)
    add_text(slide, text, x+0.05, y+0.02, w-0.1, 0.26,
             bold=True, size=10, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)

def desc_box(slide, text, x, y, w, h):
    """White card with description text."""
    add_rect(slide, x, y, w, h, fill_rgb=WHITE,
             line_rgb=RGBColor(0xCC, 0xDD, 0xEE), line_width=Pt(0.75))
    add_text(slide, text, x+0.07, y+0.05, w-0.14, h-0.1,
             bold=False, size=10, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 1 — Terminal Myelocystocele
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
s1 = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_layout)
add_rect(s1, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, fill_rgb=RGBColor(0xF8, 0xFB, 0xFF))
header_bar(s1,
    "Terminal Myelocystocele",
    "Closed Spinal Dysraphism with Subcutaneous Mass  |  Source: Trapp et al., RadioGraphics 2021; 41:559-575")

# --- Main large image placeholder (left)
image_placeholder(s1, 0.3, 1.25, 5.5, 4.0,
    "Fig. 10 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T2-WI: hydromyelia cavity communicating with subcutaneous CSF sac through a posterior spina bifida\n[Replace with article figure]")

# --- Second image (right top)
image_placeholder(s1, 6.1, 1.25, 3.4, 2.5,
    "Fig. 10b (Trapp 2021)\nAxial T2-WI: trumpet-shaped dural defect; cystic sac dorsal to conus\n[Replace with article figure]")

# --- Third image (right bottom)
image_placeholder(s1, 9.7, 1.25, 3.3, 2.5,
    "Fig. 10c (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T1-WI: lipomatous stalk connecting placode to cyst wall\n[Replace with article figure]")

# --- Description panel
section_label(s1, "KEY IMAGING FEATURES", 6.1, 3.90)
desc_box(s1,
    "Terminal myelocystocele (TMC) is a closed SD with a subcutaneous mass consisting of a dilated central canal (hydromyelia) within the terminal cord that herniates through a posterior spina bifida and communicates with a skin-covered, CSF-filled dorsal cyst. "
    "MRI hallmark: a fluid-filled cystic cavity dorsal to the conus medullaris, connected to a dilated central canal ('trumpet sign' on axial T2), always below L1-L2. "
    "Unlike myelocystocele, the connection to the rostral central canal is not preserved; this distinguishes it from persistent terminal ventricle. Often associated with anorectal and urogenital anomalies (OEIS complex).",
    6.1, 4.20, 6.9, 2.9)

# Footer
add_text(s1,
    "Source: Trapp B et al. A Practical Approach to Diagnosis of Spinal Dysraphism. RadioGraphics 2021; 41:559-575. © RSNA",
    0, 7.15, 13.333, 0.35,
    size=8, color=RGBColor(0x88, 0x88, 0x88), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 2 — Simple Dysraphic States (Without Subcutaneous Mass)
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
s2 = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_layout)
add_rect(s2, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, fill_rgb=RGBColor(0xF8, 0xFB, 0xFF))
header_bar(s2,
    "Simple Dysraphic States  —  Without Subcutaneous Mass",
    "Intradural Lipoma  |  Filar Lipoma  |  Tight Filum Terminale  |  Persistent Terminal Ventricle  |  Dermal Sinus  |  Source: Trapp et al., RadioGraphics 2021")

# Layout: 3 columns x 2 rows, each entity gets an image placeholder + description
# Entities: Intradural Lipoma, Filar Lipoma, Tight Filum Terminale (row 1)
#           Persistent Terminal Ventricle, Dermal Sinus (row 2, spread across)

col_w = 4.1
img_h = 1.95
desc_h = 1.45
row1_img_y = 1.20
row1_desc_y = 3.17
row2_img_y = 4.70
row2_desc_y = 6.67  # below slide — rows 2 entities stacked differently

# ---- Row 1: Intradural Lipoma ---
x1 = 0.25
section_label(s2, "Intradural Lipoma", x1, row1_img_y - 0.28, 3.9)
image_placeholder(s2, x1, row1_img_y, col_w - 0.1, img_h,
    "Fig. E1 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T1-WI: T1-hyperintense intradural mass anterior to cord; no subcutaneous component\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s2,
    "Intradural lipoma is an intramedullary fat-containing lesion, most often in the cervical/thoracic cord, not connected to the dorsal subcutaneous fat. "
    "Appears T1-hyperintense (fat signal) with no associated subcutaneous mass. "
    "Distinguished from lipomyelomeningocele by absence of dorsal bony defect or subcutaneous extension.",
    x1, row1_desc_y, col_w - 0.1, desc_h)

# ---- Row 1: Filar Lipoma ---
x2 = 4.60
section_label(s2, "Filar (Filum Terminale) Lipoma", x2, row1_img_y - 0.28, 3.9)
image_placeholder(s2, x2, row1_img_y, col_w - 0.1, img_h,
    "Fig. E3 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T1-WI: focal T1-bright lipomatous lesion within filum terminale, no medullary cone communication\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s2,
    "Filar lipoma is a small lipomatous lesion within the filum terminale, with no communication with the medullary cone. "
    "T1-hyperintense on MRI; filum may be thickened (>2 mm = fatty filum terminale if diffuse). "
    "Can cause tethered cord syndrome; ~0.2-4% prevalence in adults; 95% asymptomatic.",
    x2, row1_desc_y, col_w - 0.1, desc_h)

# ---- Row 1: Tight Filum Terminale ---
x3 = 8.95
section_label(s2, "Tight Filum Terminale", x3, row1_img_y - 0.28, 4.1)
image_placeholder(s2, x3, row1_img_y, 4.1, img_h,
    "Fig. E4 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T2-WI: low-lying conus (below L2-L3), thick filum (>2 mm); tethered cord pattern\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s2,
    "Tight filum terminale is defined as a filum >2 mm in diameter causing tethering of the spinal cord. "
    "MRI shows low-lying conus medullaris (below L2-L3 disc) with a short, thick filum often with T1-bright fatty signal. "
    "Clinically manifests as tethered cord syndrome with progressive lower-limb and bladder dysfunction.",
    x3, row1_desc_y, 4.1, desc_h)

# ---- Row 2: Persistent Terminal Ventricle (left-center) ---
x4 = 0.25
row2_y = row1_desc_y + desc_h + 0.15
img2_h = 1.55
section_label(s2, "Persistent Terminal Ventricle", x4, row2_y, 4.1)
image_placeholder(s2, x4, row2_y + 0.30, 4.1, img2_h,
    "Fig. 13 / Fig. 17 (PMC5415887)\nSagittal T2-WI: small CSF cavity in conus tip; maintains central canal continuity\n[Replace with article figure]")

# ---- Row 2: Dermal Sinus (right-center) ---
x5 = 4.60
section_label(s2, "Dermal Sinus", x5, row2_y, 4.1)
image_placeholder(s2, x5, row2_y + 0.30, 4.1, img2_h,
    "Fig. E5 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T2-WI: thin hypointense tract from skin dimple traversing epidural fat to dura/cord\n[Replace with article figure]")

# Combined description for rows 2 entities on right panel
desc_box(s2,
    "Persistent Terminal Ventricle: Small, ependyma-lined CSF cavity within the conus medullaris that retains continuity with the central canal (distinguishing it from TMC). Usually an incidental MRI finding; no tethering or neurological deficit in most cases.\n\n"
    "Dermal Sinus: A narrow epithelium-lined tract extending from a skin dimple (with a tuft of hair) inward to the spinal canal, potentially reaching the dura or cord. Risk of recurrent meningitis and dermoid formation. MRI shows a hypointense tract on T1/T2.",
    9.0, row2_y, 4.1, img2_h + 0.30)

# Footer
add_text(s2,
    "Source: Trapp B et al. A Practical Approach to Diagnosis of Spinal Dysraphism. RadioGraphics 2021; 41:559-575. © RSNA",
    0, 7.15, 13.333, 0.35,
    size=8, color=RGBColor(0x88, 0x88, 0x88), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 3 — Complex Dysraphic States
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
s3 = prs.slides.add_slide(blank_layout)
add_rect(s3, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, fill_rgb=RGBColor(0xF8, 0xFB, 0xFF))
header_bar(s3,
    "Complex Dysraphic States  —  Without Subcutaneous Mass",
    "Diastematomyelia  |  Caudal Agenesis  |  Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis  |  Source: Trapp et al., RadioGraphics 2021")

# 3 columns, one per entity
c_w = 4.2
img_h3 = 2.6
desc_h3 = 2.55
img_y3 = 1.22
desc_y3 = 3.88
lbl_y3 = img_y3 - 0.30

# ---- Diastematomyelia ----
x_a = 0.20
section_label(s3, "Diastematomyelia", x_a, lbl_y3, c_w - 0.1)
image_placeholder(s3, x_a, img_y3, c_w - 0.1, img_h3,
    "Fig. 19 (Trapp 2021)\nAxial T2-WI: two hemicords in separate dural sheaths divided by osseous/fibrocartilaginous spur (Type I); or single dural sac (Type II)\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s3,
    "Diastematomyelia is a split spinal cord malformation (SCM) caused by a sagittal cleft dividing the cord into two hemicords. "
    "Type I (SCM-I): two hemicords in separate dural sheaths separated by an osseous or fibrocartilaginous spur - best seen on CT/MRI axial views; always causes tethering. "
    "Type II (SCM-II): two hemicords within a single dural sac separated by a fibrous band - less severe, spur absent on CT. "
    "MRI axial images are key; low-signal spur on T2; often associated with vertebral segmentation anomalies.",
    x_a, desc_y3, c_w - 0.1, desc_h3)

# ---- Caudal Agenesis ----
x_b = 4.55
section_label(s3, "Caudal Agenesis (Caudal Regression Syndrome)", x_b, lbl_y3, 4.5)
image_placeholder(s3, x_b, img_y3, 4.5, img_h3,
    "Fig. 20 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T2-WI: abrupt termination of spine with blunt ('candle-snuffed') or tapered conus; sacral/lumbar vertebral absence\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s3,
    "Caudal agenesis (caudal regression syndrome) is partial or complete absence of the lumbosacral spine with associated spinal cord truncation. "
    "Type I: high termination with blunt ('candle-snuffed') conus medullaris above T12; Type II: low, tapered conus with tethering. "
    "MRI findings include sacral/lumbar agenesis, abrupt cord termination, and hips in characteristic 'frog-leg' posture. Strongly associated with maternal diabetes mellitus.",
    x_b, desc_y3, 4.5, desc_h3)

# ---- Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis ----
x_c = 9.25
section_label(s3, "Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis", x_c, lbl_y3, 3.9)
image_placeholder(s3, x_c, img_y3, 3.9, img_h3,
    "Fig. 21 (Trapp 2021)\nSagittal T2-WI: focal vertebral dysgenesis with hypoplastic/absent vertebrae; cord dysplasia/stenosis at same level; associated kyphosis\n[Replace with article figure]")
desc_box(s3,
    "Segmental spinal dysgenesis (SSD) is a rare focal anomaly characterised by dysgenesis/agenesis of a spinal segment with associated cord malformation at that level. "
    "MRI shows focal vertebral anomalies (absent or hypoplastic vertebrae), cord dysplasia, narrowing, or interruption at the same level, plus kyphoscoliosis. "
    "Unlike caudal agenesis, it is a localised defect affecting a mid-thoracic or lumbar segment, not the caudal spine globally.",
    x_c, desc_y3, 3.9, desc_h3)

# Footer
add_text(s3,
    "Source: Trapp B et al. A Practical Approach to Diagnosis of Spinal Dysraphism. RadioGraphics 2021; 41:559-575. © RSNA",
    0, 7.15, 13.333, 0.35,
    size=8, color=RGBColor(0x88, 0x88, 0x88), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

# ─── Save ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
out = "/tmp/workspace/spinal-dysraphism-slides/Spinal_Dysraphisms_Seminar.pptx"
prs.save(out)
print(f"Saved: {out}")