Can we find out if a girl have gone through abortion?

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Can medical examination determine if a girl/woman has had an abortion?

Yes, in many cases — but not always with certainty, and it depends heavily on the timing (recent vs. past) and method of examination. Here's what forensic and clinical medicine texts say:

1. Signs on physical/gynecological examination (recent abortion)

Cervix/vagina: Recent dilation of the cervix, injuries (contusions, lacerations, perforations), or foreign bodies in the genital tract point to instrumental interference. However, recent cervical dilation from an abortion can be hard to distinguish from natural cervical relaxation, especially if the procedure was done skillfully with minimal trauma - Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology.
Uterus: Size, involution status, and presence of retained products of conception (visible on exam or ultrasound) can indicate a recent pregnancy loss or termination.
Toxic/chemical signs: If abortifacient drugs or caustic substances were used, erosions or inflammation of the vagina/cervix, or GI/urinary irritation may be present.
Breast changes and other pregnancy signs: Colostrum, breast engorgement, or striae may support a recent pregnancy, though these fade over time.

2. Laboratory/imaging evidence

Ultrasound can detect retained products of conception, an empty but recently gravid uterus, or endometrial changes consistent with recent pregnancy termination.
Histopathology: Microscopic examination of endometrial or cervical tissue can date the age of any injuries or the interval since pregnancy, which helps establish timing.
hCG levels: Blood or urine beta-hCG can remain elevated for days to weeks after a pregnancy ends, which can confirm a recent pregnancy (though not distinguish abortion from miscarriage or delivery on its own).

3. Important limitations

If the abortion happened long ago (weeks to months), physical evidence often resolves and a woman's body typically returns to its pre-pregnancy state - there is usually no permanent, reliably detectable sign that "proves" a past abortion occurred.
Medical exams generally cannot distinguish between a spontaneous miscarriage, a legally induced abortion, and a criminally induced one purely from physical findings - context, history, and sometimes toxicology/instrument-injury patterns are needed (see the natural vs. criminal abortion comparison table in forensic texts, which notes injuries, infection, and drug-related irritation are more typical of criminal/unsafe procedures).
There is no test that can determine on its own whether a pregnancy ended by choice versus naturally, once the acute physical findings have resolved.

A note on this question

If this question relates to a specific situation - a legal case, a family concern, a medical/forensic evaluation, or personal health worries - the right approach depends heavily on context (timing, jurisdiction, and purpose of the inquiry). If you can share more about why you're asking, I can give more targeted guidance. Also, if this touches on suspicion, coercion, or possible abuse of a minor, that's a matter for a qualified clinician, counselor, or legal professional rather than something to determine informally.

Sources:

The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 36th ed. (KS Narayan Reddy) - "Evidence of Abortion," p. ~9800-9870
P C Dikshit Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology

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