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UPSC CMS (Combined Medical Services) Exam - Complete Syllabus

Exam Structure

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PAPER I

1. General Medicine

• Ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias
• Valvular heart diseases, cardiomyopathies
• Hypertension, pericardial diseases
• ECG interpretation

• Pneumonia, tuberculosis, COPD, bronchial asthma
• Pleural effusion, pneumothorax, interstitial lung diseases
• Lung cancer, respiratory failure

• Peptic ulcer disease, GERD, IBD (Crohn's, UC)
• Liver diseases - hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver failure
• Pancreatitis, malabsorption syndromes
• GI cancers, GI bleeding

• Acute and chronic kidney disease
• Glomerulonephritis, nephrotic/nephritic syndromes
• UTI, renal tubular disorders
• Renal calculi, urological disorders

• Stroke, epilepsy, headache disorders
• Meningitis, encephalitis
• Peripheral neuropathy, myopathies
• Movement disorders (Parkinson's, etc.), dementia

• Anemias (iron deficiency, megaloblastic, hemolytic, aplastic)
• Leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma
• Bleeding disorders, coagulation defects
• Blood transfusion and its complications

• Diabetes mellitus (Type 1, Type 2, complications)
• Thyroid disorders (hypo/hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancers)
• Adrenal disorders (Cushing's, Addison's, pheochromocytoma)
• Pituitary disorders, reproductive endocrinology

• Dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome
• Gout, porphyria

• Viral: HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, dengue, influenza, COVID-19 context
• Rickettsial diseases
• Bacterial: Typhoid, cholera, TB, leprosy, leptospirosis
• Spirochetal: Syphilis, leptospirosis
• Protozoan: Malaria, kala-azar, amebiasis, giardiasis
• Metazoan: Filariasis, echinococcosis
• Fungal: Cryptococcosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis

• Protein-energy malnutrition
• Vitamin deficiency diseases (A, B, C, D, K)
• Micronutrient deficiencies (iodine, iron, zinc)

• Eczemas, psoriasis, acne
• Skin infections (bacterial, fungal, viral)
• Leprosy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• Blistering disorders, skin tumors

• Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, SLE
• Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis
• Gout, osteoporosis

• Depression, anxiety disorders
• Psychosis, schizophrenia
• Bipolar affective disorder
• Substance use disorders, delirium, dementia

• Common poisoning management
• Snakebite management
• Tropical medicine
• Critical care medicine (ICU basics, ventilator basics)
• Medical procedures emphasis

• Vaccine-preventable vs. non-vaccine-preventable diseases

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2. Paediatrics

• Common childhood emergencies
• Basic newborn care (resuscitation, jaundice, sepsis)
• Normal developmental milestones
• Accidents and poisonings in children
• Birth defects and counselling (including autism spectrum disorder)
• Immunization in children (national immunization schedule)
• Recognizing and managing children with special needs
• National programmes related to child health (RBSK, ICDS, etc.)

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PAPER II

3. Surgery

• Wounds, wound healing
• Infections (surgical site, necrotizing fasciitis, abscesses)
• Tumors - benign and malignant
• Lymphatics disorders
• Blood vessels (varicose veins, arterial diseases)
• Cysts and sinuses
• Head and neck surgery
• Breast (benign and malignant)
• Alimentary tract:
  • Oesophagus
  • Stomach
  • Intestines (small and large)
  • Anus and rectum
  • Developmental anomalies
• Liver, bile ducts, pancreas
• Spleen
• Peritoneum
• Abdominal wall (hernia)
• Abdominal injuries

• Urological Surgery (prostate, kidney, bladder, calculi)
• Neurosurgery (head injuries, spinal cord, tumors)
• Otorhinolaryngology / ENT (ear, nose, throat disorders)
• Thoracic Surgery (lung, chest wall, mediastinum)
• Orthopaedic Surgery (fractures, dislocations, joint diseases, bone tumors)
• Ophthalmology (eye disorders, glaucoma, cataract, retinal diseases)
• Anaesthesiology (anesthetic agents, regional anesthesia, airway management)
• Traumatology (trauma principles, ATLS concepts)

• Diagnosis and management of common surgical ailments
• Pre-operative and post-operative care
• Medico-legal and ethical issues in surgery
• Wound healing mechanisms
• Fluid and electrolyte management in surgery
• Shock - pathophysiology and management

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4. Obstetrics and Gynaecology

• Normal delivery and safe delivery practices
• High-risk pregnancy and management
• Antenatal care
• Abortions (spontaneous and medical termination)
• Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
• Postpartum care and complications
• Medicolegal examination in Obs & Gynae (including examination in rape cases)

• Applied anatomy (female pelvis, reproductive tract)
• Applied physiology of menstruation and fertilization
• Infections in the genital tract (PID, STIs, TORCH)
• Neoplasms of the genital tract (cervical, uterine, ovarian cancers)
• Displacement of the uterus (prolapse, retroversion)

• Conventional contraceptives (barrier methods, IUDs)
• Oral contraceptive pills (mechanism, benefits, side effects)
• Operative sterilization (tubectomy, vasectomy)
• Organization of family planning programmes (urban and rural)
• Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP Act)

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5. Preventive and Social Medicine (PSM / Community Medicine)

• Concepts of health, disease, and healthcare
• Epidemiology - principles, study designs
• Biostatistics - measures of central tendency, tests of significance
• Health information and vital statistics

• Air, water, and soil pollution
• Safe water supply and sanitation
• Occupational health and industrial hazards
• Radiation hazards

• National nutritional programmes
• Assessment of nutritional status
• Nutritional deficiency diseases

• Surveillance and outbreak investigation
• Immunization programme (UIP/NIS)
• Control of specific diseases (TB, malaria, HIV, leprosy, filariasis, etc.)
• Zoonotic diseases

• Epidemiology of NCDs (CVD, diabetes, cancer, mental health)
• National programmes for NCD control

• National Health Mission (NHM, NRHM, NUHM)
• Reproductive and Child Health Programme (RCH)
• RNTCP / Nikshay (TB control)
• National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme
• AIDS control programme (NACO)
• Mental Health Programme
• School health programme
• Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY / Ayushman Bharat)

• Primary Health Care (PHC, sub-centre, CHC)
• Health workforce (ANM, ASHA, health inspectors)
• International health organizations (WHO, UNICEF, etc.)
• Disaster management and emergency preparedness

• Population dynamics, census data
• Reproductive and mortality indices (MMR, IMR, TFR, etc.)

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Interview / Personality Test

• General awareness about medical and health issues
• Communication and clinical reasoning
• Knowledge of Indian health system and current health policies

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Key Tips for Preparation

1. Highest weightage subjects: General Medicine and Surgery together account for ~50-60 questions
2. PSM is scoring - national health programmes, epidemiology, and biostatistics are high-yield
3. Paediatrics has focused, defined topics - master the immunization schedule and growth milestones
4. Gynae & Obs - emphasis on safe motherhood, MTP Act, and high-risk pregnancy
5. Read the official UPSC notification each year for any syllabus updates