प्रस्तारि प्रथितमिहार्म शुक्लभागे विस्तीर्णं तनु रुधिरप्रभं सनीलम् ||४||
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प्रस्तारि प्रथितमिहार्म शुक्लभागे विस्तीर्णं तनु रुधिरप्रभं सनीलम् Sanskrit verse
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"प्रस्तारि" "रुधिरप्रभं" Sanskrit shloka astronomical text
यह श्लोक संस्कृत में है और इसमें खगोलीय या नेत्र-संबंधी किसी वस्तु का वर्णन है। आइए शब्द-शब्द विश्लेषण करते हैं।
श्लोक (४)
प्रस्तारि प्रथितमिहार्म शुक्लभागे विस्तीर्णं तनु रुधिरप्रभं सनीलम्
पद-विच्छेद और अर्थ
| पद | व्याकरण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| प्रस्तारि | कर्मकारक / क्रिया-विशेषण | फैला हुआ, प्रसृत (spread out) |
| प्रथितम् | विशेषण (नपुं.) | विख्यात, विस्तृत (renowned / expanded) |
| इह | अव्यय | यहाँ, इस स्थान पर |
| अर्म | (अर्मन्) संज्ञा | आँख की झिल्ली / नेत्र का विकार (pterygium / ocular growth) |
| शुक्लभागे | सप्तमी | श्वेत भाग में - अर्थात् श्वेतपटल (sclera / white of the eye) पर |
| विस्तीर्णम् | विशेषण | चौड़ा, फैला हुआ |
| तनु | विशेषण | पतला, बारीक |
| रुधिरप्रभम् | विशेषण | रक्त के समान आभा वाला, लाल रंग जैसा |
| सनीलम् | विशेषण | नीलापन लिए हुए, नीले रंग के साथ |
अनुवाद
"यहाँ श्वेतपटल (आँख के सफेद भाग) पर अर्म (नेत्र की झिल्लीदार वृद्धि) फैला हुआ, विस्तृत, पतला, रक्तवर्णी और नीलापन लिए हुए प्रकट होता है।"
संदर्भ एवं व्याख्या
यह श्लोक अत्यंत संभवतः सुश्रुत संहिता के उत्तर तंत्र से है, जहाँ नेत्र रोगों का विस्तृत वर्णन है। अर्म (Pterygium/Pinguecula) एक नेत्र विकार है जिसमें कंजंक्टाइवा की झिल्ली आँख के श्वेत भाग पर फैल जाती है।
अर्म के भेद (सुश्रुत के अनुसार)
इस श्लोक में वर्णित अर्म के लक्षण:
- विस्तीर्णम् - चौड़ाई में फैला हुआ
- तनु - पतली झिल्ली जैसा
- रुधिरप्रभम् - रक्त के समान लाल रंग
- सनीलम् - नीलाभ आभा
यह शोणित अर्म या पिच्छलार्म के लक्षणों से मेल खाता है, जो वात-पित्त-रक्त दोष के संयोग से उत्पन्न होता है।
आधुनिक दृष्टि से
आधुनिक नेत्र विज्ञान में यह Pterygium (翼状胬肉) के लक्षणों के समान है:
- श्वेतपटल पर झिल्ली का विस्तार
- रक्त-वाहिनियों के कारण लाल रंग
- कभी-कभी नीलापन
यदि इस श्लोक का पूर्ण संदर्भ (ग्रंथ का नाम, अध्याय) ज्ञात हो तो और विस्तृत व्याख्या संभव है। क्या आप इसका पूर्ण प्रकरण जानना चाहते हैं?
English meaning dude
Here's the English meaning of the verse:
"Spread out and well-known here in the white part of the eye, the arma (ocular growth) is wide, thin, blood-red in color, and tinged with blue."
In plain terms:
This verse describes an eye condition called Arma (pterygium - a fleshy membrane that grows over the white of the eye). Its characteristics are:
- Spread out across the white part of the eye (sclera)
- Wide in size
- Thin like a membrane
- Blood-red in color
- With a bluish tint
This is from Sushruta Samhita (ancient Indian surgical text), describing the symptoms of a specific type of pterygium caused by a combination of blood and wind (vata-rakta) imbalance.
Word to word
Here is the word-to-word English meaning:
| Sanskrit Word | Word-to-Word Meaning |
|---|---|
| प्रस्तारि | spreading / spread out |
| प्रथितम् | well-known / manifested / appeared |
| इह | here (in this place) |
| अर्म | the growth on the eye (arma / pterygium) |
| शुक्लभागे | in the white part (of the eye) |
| विस्तीर्णम् | wide / expanded |
| तनु | thin / fine |
| रुधिरप्रभम् | having the color/glow of blood = blood-red |
| सनीलम् | with blue / tinged with blue |
Reading it word by word in order:
Spreading (प्रस्तारि) · manifested (प्रथितम्) · here (इह) · the arma/growth (अर्म) · in the white part of the eye (शुक्लभागे) · wide (विस्तीर्णम्) · thin (तनु) · blood-red (रुधिरप्रभम्) · with blue tinge (सनीलम्)
Full sentence: The arma (eye growth / pterygium), spreading and manifested here in the white part of the eye, is wide, thin, blood-red, and tinged with blue.
शुक्लाख्यं मृद ु कथयन्ति शुक्लभागे सश्वेतं सममिह वर्धते चिरेण | ५
Here is the word-to-word English meaning:
| Sanskrit Word | Word-to-Word Meaning |
|---|---|
| शुक्लाख्यं | called / named "Shukla" (white) |
| मृदु | soft / gentle |
| कथयन्ति | they say / it is called / described as |
| शुक्लभागे | in the white part (of the eye) |
| सश्वेतं | with white color / whitish |
| समम् | uniform / even / level |
| इह | here |
| वर्धते | grows / increases |
| चिरेण | slowly / over a long time |
Word by word in order:
Called Shukla (शुक्लाख्यं) · soft (मृदु) · they say (कथयन्ति) · in the white part of the eye (शुक्लभागे) · whitish (सश्वेतं) · uniform/even (समम्) · here (इह) · grows (वर्धते) · slowly over time (चिरेण)
Full sentence meaning:
"This (arma) is called 'Shukla' - it is soft, whitish, and uniform in appearance, located in the white part of the eye, and it grows slowly over a long period of time."
Clinical note:
This verse describes Shukla Arma - a type of pterygium that is:
- Soft in texture
- White/whitish in color
- Flat and even in surface
- Slow-growing - takes a long time to develop
This corresponds to a benign, slow-progressing white pterygium in modern ophthalmology.
यन्मांस ं प्रचयमुपैति शुक्लभागे पद्माभ ं तदुपदिशन्ति लोहितार्म ||५||
Here is the word-to-word English meaning:
| Sanskrit Word | Word-to-Word Meaning |
|---|---|
| यत् | that which / whatever |
| मांसम् | flesh / fleshy tissue |
| प्रचयम् | accumulation / growth / mass |
| उपैति | attains / undergoes / reaches |
| शुक्लभागे | in the white part (of the eye) |
| पद्माभम् | resembling a lotus / lotus-colored (pink-red) |
| तत् | that |
| उपदिशन्ति | they call / they describe / they point out |
| लोहितार्म | Lohita Arma = the red/bloody arma (growth) |
Word by word in order:
That which (यत्) · fleshy tissue (मांसम्) · accumulation/growth (प्रचयम्) · attains (उपैति) · in the white part of the eye (शुक्लभागे) · lotus-colored (पद्माभम्) · that (तत्) · they call (उपदिशन्ति) · Lohita Arma (लोहितार्म)
Full sentence meaning:
"That fleshy tissue which accumulates and grows in the white part of the eye, and is lotus-colored (pink-red), is called 'Lohita Arma' (the red growth)."
Clinical note:
This verse describes Lohita Arma - a type of pterygium characterized by:
- Fleshy / muscular tissue growth
- Located on the sclera (white of the eye)
- Lotus pink-red color (पद्माभ = like a pink lotus)
- More vascular and fleshy than Shukla Arma
This corresponds to a highly vascular, fleshy pterygium in modern ophthalmology - more aggressive than the white type described in the previous verse.
I tought lohita is iron deposition
Good point, but that's a mix-up worth clearing up.
लोहित (Lohita) has two meanings in Sanskrit:
| Meaning | Context |
|---|---|
| लोहित = Red / Blood-red | General Sanskrit usage - most common meaning |
| लोहित = Iron (लोह = iron) | Only in specific metallurgical/alchemical contexts |
In this verse's context:
लोहितार्म = Lohita + Arma
Here लोहित = RED (blood-red), NOT iron. The clue is right there in the verse itself:
- पद्माभम् = lotus-colored = pink-red
- The growth is described as fleshy (मांसम्) and red-colored
- It is named after its red appearance, not iron content
Where does the "iron" confusion come from?
You may be thinking of:
- Loha (लोह) = iron (the metal)
- Lohita when used in Rasa Shastra (Ayurvedic alchemy) can refer to iron compounds
- Or possibly Stockers line in modern ophthalmology - which IS actual iron (Fe) deposition at the head of a pterygium
But in Shalakya Tantra (eye disease classification), Lohita Arma = red/vascular arma, named purely for its blood-red color.
So your instinct about iron is medically interesting (Stocker's line!), but in this Sanskrit verse, लोहित = red, not iron.
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