Flashcards bnale de anti viral drug ka
mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/antiviral-flashcards && ls /home/daytona/workspβ¦
~/antiviral-flashcards/make_flashcards.js
const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");
let pres = new pptxgen();
pres.layout = "LAYOUT_16x9";
pres.title = "Antiviral Drugs Flashcards";
// Color palette
const BG_DARK = "0D1B2A"; // deep navy
const BG_CARD = "1A2E44"; // card bg
const ACCENT1 = "00C2D4"; // teal
const ACCENT2 = "F5A623"; // amber
const ACCENT3 = "FF6B6B"; // coral
const ACCENT4 = "6BCB77"; // green
const ACCENT5 = "BD93F9"; // purple
const WHITE = "FFFFFF";
const LIGHT = "E8F4FD";
const GRAY = "A8C0CC";
// βββββββββββββββ SLIDE 1: Title βββββββββββββββ
{
let s = pres.addSlide();
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: BG_DARK } });
// Accent strip
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 2.3, w: 10, h: 0.06, fill: { color: ACCENT1 } });
// Icon virus symbol (circle)
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s.addText("π¦ ", { x: 4.3, y: 0.35, w: 1.4, h: 1.4, fontSize: 36, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
s.addText("ANTIVIRAL DRUGS", {
x: 0.5, y: 1.9, w: 9, h: 0.9,
fontSize: 42, bold: true, color: WHITE,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial"
});
s.addText("Flashcard Series | Pharmacology", {
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fontSize: 18, color: ACCENT1,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial", italic: true
});
s.addText("Mechanisms β’ Drugs β’ Uses β’ Side Effects", {
x: 0.5, y: 3.35, w: 9, h: 0.4,
fontSize: 14, color: GRAY,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial"
});
s.addText("Sources: Sherris & Ryan Medical Microbiology β’ Katzung Pharmacology β’ Harrison's 22E", {
x: 0.5, y: 5.1, w: 9, h: 0.3,
fontSize: 9, color: GRAY,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial"
});
}
// βββββββββββ Helper: Section divider βββββββββββ
function addSection(pres, title, subtitle, color) {
let s = pres.addSlide();
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: BG_DARK } });
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s.addText(title, {
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fontSize: 38, bold: true, color: color,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial"
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s.addText(subtitle, {
x: 0.5, y: 2.6, w: 9, h: 0.6,
fontSize: 18, color: LIGHT,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial", italic: true
});
}
// βββββββββββ Helper: Standard Flashcard βββββββββββ
// leftColor = accent bar color, items = array of {label, value}
function addFlashcard(pres, drugName, topTag, topTagColor, items, footerNote) {
let s = pres.addSlide();
// background
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: BG_DARK } });
// top header bar
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 1.0, fill: { color: BG_CARD } });
// left accent
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 0.18, h: 5.625, fill: { color: topTagColor } });
// tag pill
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
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fill: { color: topTagColor }, rectRadius: 0.08,
line: { color: topTagColor }
});
s.addText(topTag, {
x: 0.35, y: 0.18, w: 2.8, h: 0.55,
fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: BG_DARK,
align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 0
});
// Drug name
s.addText(drugName, {
x: 3.3, y: 0.1, w: 6.5, h: 0.85,
fontSize: 28, bold: true, color: WHITE,
align: "left", valign: "middle", fontFace: "Arial"
});
// Content rows
const rowH = 0.68;
const startY = 1.1;
items.forEach((item, i) => {
const yPos = startY + i * rowH;
const bgColor = i % 2 === 0 ? "152535" : "1E3347";
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: 0.25, y: yPos, w: 9.5, h: rowH - 0.05,
fill: { color: bgColor }
});
// Label
s.addText(item.label, {
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fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: topTagColor,
align: "left", valign: "middle", fontFace: "Arial", margin: 4
});
// Value
s.addText(item.value, {
x: 2.85, y: yPos + 0.04, w: 6.8, h: rowH - 0.12,
fontSize: 11, color: LIGHT,
align: "left", valign: "middle", fontFace: "Arial", margin: 4
});
});
// Footer
if (footerNote) {
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 5.35, w: 10, h: 0.275, fill: { color: "0A1520" } });
s.addText("β " + footerNote, {
x: 0.3, y: 5.35, w: 9.4, h: 0.275,
fontSize: 9.5, color: ACCENT2,
align: "left", valign: "middle", fontFace: "Arial"
});
}
}
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// SECTION 1: ANTI-HERPES DRUGS
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
addSection(pres, "𧬠ANTI-HERPES DRUGS", "HSV, VZV, CMV β Herpesviruses ke liye", ACCENT1);
addFlashcard(pres, "Acyclovir", "ANTI-HERPES | Nucleoside Analog", ACCENT1, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Viral thymidine kinase se phosphorylate hota hai β Acyclovir triphosphate β Viral DNA polymerase ko inhibit karta hai (chain terminator)" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV (Varicella-Zoster Virus)" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Herpes labialis, Genital herpes, Chickenpox, Herpes encephalitis, Herpes zoster (shingles)" },
{ label: "Route", value: "Oral, IV (severe cases), Topical (eye/skin)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Nephrotoxicity (IV form - crystaluria), Neurotoxicity (high dose), Nausea" },
], "Resistance: Thymidine kinase gene mutation se hoti hai β Tab Foscarnet use karo");
addFlashcard(pres, "Valacyclovir", "ANTI-HERPES | Prodrug", ACCENT1, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Prodrug of Acyclovir β Valine ester of Acyclovir. Enzymatically convert hota hai Acyclovir mein after absorption" },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Better oral bioavailability than Acyclovir (55% vs 20%)" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Genital herpes (1st episode + recurrence), Herpes zoster, Cold sores, CMV prophylaxis in transplant patients" },
{ label: "Dosing", value: "Less frequent dosing needed (BID vs TID/5x/day for acyclovir)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Headache, Nausea. High dose β TTP/HUS (rare, in immunocompromised)" },
], "Preferred over Acyclovir for compliance due to better bioavailability");
addFlashcard(pres, "Famciclovir", "ANTI-HERPES | Prodrug", ACCENT1, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Prodrug of Penciclovir. Mechanism similar to Acyclovir β inhibits viral DNA polymerase" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV β Similar to Acyclovir" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Herpes zoster, Recurrent genital herpes, Herpes labialis" },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Penciclovir stays longer in infected cells (longer intracellular tΒ½)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Well tolerated β Headache, Nausea, Diarrhea" },
], "Acyclovir-resistant cases mein kaam nahi karta (same resistance mechanism)");
addFlashcard(pres, "Ganciclovir", "ANTI-CMV | Nucleoside Analog", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "CMV kinase (UL97) se phosphorylate β Ganciclovir triphosphate β Inhibits CMV DNA polymerase (UL54)" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Primarily CMV; also active against HSV (but not first-line)" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "CMV retinitis (HIV patients), CMV prophylaxis in transplant patients" },
{ label: "Route", value: "IV or Oral (Valganciclovir = oral prodrug)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Myelosuppression (βWBC, neutropenia β MOST IMPORTANT), Thrombocytopenia, Nephrotoxicity" },
], "β Neutropenia most common SE. Avoid with Zidovudine (additive myelosuppression)");
addFlashcard(pres, "Foscarnet", "ANTI-HERPES | Pyrophosphate Analog", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase at pyrophosphate binding site. Thymidine kinase ki zaroorat NAHI hai" },
{ label: "Key Point", value: "Does NOT require phosphorylation β isliye Acyclovir-resistant HSV/VZV mein use hota hai" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Acyclovir-resistant HSV/VZV, CMV retinitis (Ganciclovir-resistant), HIV + CMV co-infection" },
{ label: "Route", value: "IV only (poor oral bioavailability)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Nephrotoxicity (most common β crystals deposit), Electrolyte imbalance (βCaΒ²βΊ, βMgΒ²βΊ, βKβΊ), Seizures, Penile ulcers" },
], "Nephrotoxicity + Hypocalcemia = Classic Foscarnet side effects. IV saline prehydration mandatory!");
addFlashcard(pres, "Cidofovir", "ANTI-CMV | Nucleotide Analog", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Nucleotide analog β already phosphorylated. Inhibits viral DNA polymerase. No thymidine kinase needed" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "CMV retinitis (resistant/refractory cases), Acyclovir-resistant HSV" },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Long intracellular half-life β weekly dosing possible" },
{ label: "Route", value: "IV (with probenecid to reduce nephrotoxicity)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Severe nephrotoxicity (dose-limiting), Neutropenia, Ocular hypotony, Uveitis. Probenecid given to protect kidneys" },
], "Cidofovir = Nephrotoxic nucleotide. Always give with Probenecid + IV saline hydration");
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// SECTION 2: ANTI-INFLUENZA DRUGS
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
addSection(pres, "π€§ ANTI-INFLUENZA DRUGS", "Neuraminidase inhibitors & Others", ACCENT2);
addFlashcard(pres, "Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)", "ANTI-INFLUENZA | Neuraminidase Inhibitor", ACCENT2, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Influenza neuraminidase ko inhibit karta hai β Virus infected cell se nikal nahi paata β Spread ruk jaata hai" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Influenza A & B dono" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Influenza treatment (within 48 hrs of symptoms), Post-exposure prophylaxis" },
{ label: "Dose", value: "75 mg BD Γ 5 days (treatment). 75 mg OD Γ 7 days (prophylaxis). Renal dose adjustment needed." },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Nausea, Vomiting (most common), Headache, Abdominal pain. Take with food." },
], "Start within 48 hours of symptom onset for maximum benefit. Oral administration.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Zanamivir (Relenza)", "ANTI-INFLUENZA | Neuraminidase Inhibitor", ACCENT2, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Influenza neuraminidase inhibitor β same as Oseltamivir. Virus release block hoti hai." },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Influenza A & B" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Influenza treatment & prophylaxis" },
{ label: "Route", value: "Inhaled (dry powder inhaler β 10mg BD Γ 5 days). IV form bhi available." },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Bronchospasm, Cough, Throat irritation. Contraindicated in asthma/COPD patients." },
], "CONTRAINDICATED in asthma/COPD β bronchospasm risk. Inhaled route = direct lung delivery");
addFlashcard(pres, "Baloxavir Marboxil", "ANTI-INFLUENZA | Endonuclease Inhibitor", ACCENT2, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Cap-dependent endonuclease (PA subunit of RNA polymerase) ko inhibit karta hai β Viral RNA transcription block hoti hai. Acts EARLIER in replication cycle than neuraminidase inhibitors." },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Single oral dose (40-80 mg). Active against neuraminidase-inhibitor resistant strains." },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Influenza A & B (including avian influenza strains)" },
{ label: "Contraindications", value: "Immunocompromised patients (resistance risk), Pregnancy (insufficient data). Avoid antacids & dairy (reduce absorption)." },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Generally well tolerated. Diarrhea, Nasopharyngitis." },
], "First-in-class endonuclease inhibitor. Single dose therapy! FDA approved 2018.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Amantadine / Rimantadine", "ANTI-INFLUENZA | Adamantanes (Older)", ACCENT2, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "M2 protein (ion channel) ko block karta hai β Viral uncoating inhibit hoti hai" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Influenza A ONLY (not B)" },
{ label: "Current Status", value: "β NOT RECOMMENDED β >99% resistance among circulating influenza A strains" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Amantadine: CNS effects (confusion, insomnia, hallucinations), GI upset. Rimantadine: fewer CNS effects" },
{ label: "Historical Use", value: "Parkinson's disease mein bhi use hota tha Amantadine (dopamine releaseβ)" },
], "Adamantanes = Obsolete for influenza due to widespread resistance. Influenza B pe kaam nahi karte.");
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// SECTION 3: ANTI-HEPATITIS DRUGS
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
addSection(pres, "π« ANTI-HEPATITIS DRUGS", "HBV aur HCV ke liye", ACCENT4);
addFlashcard(pres, "Tenofovir (TDF/TAF)", "ANTI-HBV + ANTI-HIV | NRTI", ACCENT4, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Nucleotide analog β HBV reverse transcriptase (& HIV RT) ko inhibit karta hai β DNA chain termination" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Chronic Hepatitis B (first-line), HIV treatment (HAART component), HIV PrEP" },
{ label: "Forms", value: "TDF (Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) β older. TAF (Tenofovir alafenamide) β newer, less nephrotoxic" },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "High barrier to resistance, Dual activity (HBV + HIV)" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "TDF: Nephrotoxicity, Bone demineralization (Fanconi syndrome). TAF: Better renal/bone profile" },
], "TDF β TAF preferred now for better renal safety. First-line for chronic HBV.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Entecavir", "ANTI-HBV | Nucleoside Analog", ACCENT4, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Guanosine nucleoside analog β HBV DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase activity) ko inhibit karta hai. 3 steps mein kaam karta hai: base priming, reverse transcription, positive strand synthesis" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Chronic Hepatitis B β FIRST-LINE treatment" },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Very high barrier to resistance (unlike lamivudine). Potent viral suppression." },
{ label: "Key Point", value: "HIV patients mein monotherapy se avoid karein β HIV ke liye RT inhibitor activity bhi hai β resistance risk" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Generally well tolerated. Headache, Fatigue, Nausea. Risk of lactic acidosis (rare)." },
], "High barrier to resistance = Entecavir ka sabse bada advantage over Lamivudine");
addFlashcard(pres, "Sofosbuvir (HCV)", "ANTI-HCV | NS5B Polymerase Inhibitor", ACCENT4, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Nucleotide analog β HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase ko inhibit karta hai β RNA replication block" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Chronic Hepatitis C β All genotypes. Usually given as combination DAA regimen." },
{ label: "Common Combos", value: "Sofosbuvir + Ledipasvir (Harvoni), Sofosbuvir + Velpatasvir (Epclusa) β pangenotypic" },
{ label: "Cure Rate", value: ">95% SVR (Sustained Virologic Response = functional cure) in 8-12 weeks" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Fatigue, Headache, Nausea. Generally very well tolerated. Avoid with Amiodarone (bradycardia)." },
], "DAA (Direct Acting Antiviral) revolution β HCV ab cure ho sakta hai! SVR >95% in 8-12 weeks.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Ribavirin", "ANTI-VIRAL (Broad) | Nucleoside Analog", ACCENT4, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Multiple mechanisms: Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) β GTP pool depletes. Also inhibits viral RNA polymerase & causes lethal mutagenesis" },
{ label: "Spectrum", value: "Broad: HCV (with interferon or DAA), RSV (inhaled), Lassa fever, Hantavirus" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Chronic HCV (older regimen with peginterferon), RSV (inhaled form), Hemorrhagic fevers" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Hemolytic anemia (most important!), Teratogenicity (Category X β strict contraception needed), Cough (inhaled)" },
{ label: "Contraindication", value: "Pregnancy (Category X β teratogenic). Hemoglobinopathies (anemia risk)." },
], "TERATOGENIC β Pregnancy mein absolutely contraindicated. Hemolytic anemia = hallmark SE.");
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// SECTION 4: ANTI-HIV DRUGS
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
addSection(pres, "π΄ ANTI-HIV DRUGS (ART)", "HAART β Multiple drug classes", ACCENT5);
addFlashcard(pres, "NRTIs (Nucleoside RT Inhibitors)", "ANTI-HIV | NRTI Class Overview", ACCENT5, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Viral reverse transcriptase ko inhibit karte hain β chain terminators. Triphosphate form active hota hai." },
{ label: "Key Drugs", value: "Zidovudine (AZT), Lamivudine (3TC), Abacavir (ABC), Emtricitabine (FTC), Tenofovir (TDF/TAF), Stavudine (d4T)" },
{ label: "Zidovudine (AZT)", value: "First anti-HIV drug. Uses: PMTCT (Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission). SE: Myelosuppression, Macrocytic anemia, Lactic acidosis" },
{ label: "Lamivudine (3TC)", value: "Also active against HBV. Well tolerated. High resistance rate if used alone." },
{ label: "Abacavir (ABC)", value: "HLA-B*57:01 test karo pehle! Hypersensitivity reaction risk (fever, rash, GI β can be fatal on rechallenge)" },
], "NRTI backbone: TDF/TAF + FTC or ABC + 3TC β standard of care in all regimens");
addFlashcard(pres, "NNRTIs (Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitors)", "ANTI-HIV | NNRTI Class", ACCENT5, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "RT ke allosteric site pe bind karte hain (not active site) β Conformational change β RT inactive. Phosphorylation ki zaroorat NAHI." },
{ label: "Key Drugs", value: "Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Rilpivirine, Etravirine, Doravirine" },
{ label: "Efavirenz", value: "Once daily. SE: CNS effects (vivid dreams, dizziness, depression) β 'party pill', Teratogenic (avoid in 1st trimester)" },
{ label: "Nevirapine", value: "SE: Severe skin rash (Stevens-Johnson), Hepatotoxicity. CD4 >250 (women) / >400 (men) β higher risk of liver toxicity" },
{ label: "Rilpivirine", value: "Newer, better tolerated. Only use if viral load <100,000. Take with meal." },
], "NNRTIs = Non-competitive inhibitors. Single mutation (K103N) β resistance to Efavirenz + Nevirapine");
addFlashcard(pres, "Protease Inhibitors (PIs)", "ANTI-HIV | PI Class", ACCENT5, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "HIV protease ko inhibit karta hai β Gag-Pol polyprotein cleave nahi hoti β Immature, non-infectious virions bante hain" },
{ label: "Key Drugs", value: "Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Darunavir, Lopinavir, Indinavir, Nelfinavir, Saquinavir" },
{ label: "Ritonavir Boosting", value: "Low-dose Ritonavir = Pharmacokinetic booster (CYP3A4 inhibitor) β Other PIs ka level badhata hai. 'RTV-boosted PIs'" },
{ label: "Class SE", value: "Lipodystrophy (fat redistribution), Dyslipidemia, Insulin resistance/Diabetes, GI intolerance" },
{ label: "Indinavir SE", value: "Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) β high fluid intake zaroori. Hyperbilirubinemia (indirect)" },
], "PIs = Late-stage inhibitors. Mature virions banna band. Ritonavir = pharmacokinetic booster");
addFlashcard(pres, "Integrase Inhibitors (INSTIs)", "ANTI-HIV | INSTI Class", ACCENT5, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "HIV integrase enzyme ko inhibit karta hai β Viral DNA ko host chromosome mein integrate hone se rokta hai" },
{ label: "Key Drugs", value: "Raltegravir, Elvitegravir, Dolutegravir, Bictegravir, Cabotegravir" },
{ label: "Dolutegravir", value: "Preferred first-line drug (WHO & NACO guidelines). High barrier to resistance. Once daily. Avoid in 1st trimester (neural tube defect risk β controversial)" },
{ label: "Raltegravir", value: "First approved INSTI. Twice daily. Lower barrier to resistance." },
{ label: "Advantages", value: "Well tolerated, Rapid viral suppression, Few drug interactions (except Divalent cations β CaΒ²βΊ, MgΒ²βΊ reduce absorption)" },
], "Dolutegravir = Current preferred 1st-line backbone. High barrier to resistance!");
addFlashcard(pres, "Entry & Fusion Inhibitors", "ANTI-HIV | Entry Inhibitor Class", ACCENT5, [
{ label: "Enfuvirtide (T-20)", value: "Fusion inhibitor β gp41 se bind karta hai β HIV-cell membrane fusion block hoti hai. Route: SC injection (inconvenient). SE: Injection site reactions." },
{ label: "Maraviroc (MVC)", value: "CCR5 antagonist β CCR5 co-receptor ko block karta hai β HIV cannot enter cell. Tropism test pehle (R5-tropic virus hona chahiye, not X4-tropic)." },
{ label: "Ibalizumab", value: "CD4 receptor antibody β newer agent. IV infusion for MDR-HIV." },
{ label: "Fostemsavir", value: "Attachment inhibitor β gp120 se bind karta hai β CD4 attachment block" },
{ label: "Use Case", value: "Mainly for treatment-resistant HIV (MDR) cases. Not first-line." },
], "Maraviroc: CCR5 tropism test zaroori! R5-tropic = eligible. X4 or dual-tropic = NOT eligible.");
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// SECTION 5: OTHER ANTIVIRALS
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
addSection(pres, "π OTHER ANTIVIRAL DRUGS", "COVID-19, RSV, Broad-spectrum", ACCENT3);
addFlashcard(pres, "Remdesivir", "ANTI-COVID / ANTI-VIRAL | RNA Polymerase Inhibitor", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Adenosine nucleotide analog β Viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) ko inhibit karta hai β RNA replication block (chain termination)" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "COVID-19 (moderate-severe, hospitalized patients), Ebola (was tested), RSV" },
{ label: "Route", value: "IV infusion (5 days course for COVID-19). Oral form in development." },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Elevated liver enzymes (transaminaseβ), Bradycardia, Nausea. Generally well tolerated." },
{ label: "Approval", value: "FDA approved for COVID-19 (Oct 2020). First antiviral for COVID-19." },
], "Remdesivir = First FDA-approved COVID-19 treatment. IV form. Broad-spectrum RdRp inhibitor.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (Paxlovid)", "ANTI-COVID | Protease Inhibitor", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Nirmatrelvir: SARS-CoV-2 Mpro (main protease / 3CLpro) ko inhibit karta hai β Viral polyprotein processing block. Ritonavir: PK booster (CYP3A4 inhibitor)" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Mild-moderate COVID-19 in high-risk patients. Start within 5 days of symptoms." },
{ label: "Advantage", value: "Oral medication (5 day course). ~89% reduction in hospitalization/death." },
{ label: "Drug Interactions", value: "β MAJOR drug interactions via Ritonavir (CYP3A4 inhibitor) β Statins, Anticoagulants, Immunosuppressants, etc." },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Dysgeusia (altered taste/bitter taste), Diarrhea, Hypertension, Myalgia" },
], "Paxlovid = Oral COVID pill. Start within 5 days. Ritonavir = booster. Drug interactions bahut zyada!");
addFlashcard(pres, "Molnupiravir", "ANTI-COVID | Mutagenic Nucleoside Analog", ACCENT3, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Prodrug of EIDD-1931 β Incorporated into viral RNA β Lethal mutagenesis (error catastrophe) β viral RNA mein itne mutations create karta hai ki virus replicate nahi kar paata" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Mild-moderate COVID-19 in high-risk patients (5 day oral course)" },
{ label: "Unique MOA", value: "Mutagenesis-based β first antiviral to work via this mechanism" },
{ label: "Concern", value: "β Mutagenicity concern β human DNA mein bhi incorporate ho sakta hai. NOT for pregnant women or children." },
{ label: "Efficacy", value: "~30-48% reduction in hospitalization (less than Paxlovid)" },
], "Teratogenic potential β pregnancy contraindicated. Works by viral error catastrophe.");
addFlashcard(pres, "Interferon Alpha (IFN-Ξ±)", "BROAD SPECTRUM | Immunomodulator", ACCENT1, [
{ label: "MOA", value: "Cytokine β antiviral proteins (MX proteins, oligoadenylate synthetase) ko upregulate karta hai β Cell mein antiviral state. Viral RNA degradation + translation inhibition" },
{ label: "Uses", value: "Chronic Hepatitis B (peginterferon alfa-2a), Chronic Hepatitis C (older regimen), Kaposi's sarcoma, Hairy cell leukemia, Condylomata acuminata" },
{ label: "Pegylated Form", value: "PEG-IFN = Pegylated interferon (polyethylene glycol attach) β Longer half-life β Weekly dosing" },
{ label: "Side Effects", value: "Flu-like symptoms (most common, early β fever, chills, myalgia), Depression/Neuropsychiatric, Bone marrow suppression, Thyroid dysfunction, Alopecia, Injection site reactions" },
{ label: "Contraindications", value: "Decompensated cirrhosis, Severe depression, Autoimmune disease, Pregnancy" },
], "Flu-like symptoms sabse common SE. Depression ka dhyan rakho. SC injection weekly (PEG form).");
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
// FINAL: Quick Summary Comparison Slide
// ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
{
let s = pres.addSlide();
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: BG_DARK } });
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 0.7, fill: { color: "0A1E30" } });
s.addText("β‘ QUICK MEMORY AID β Antiviral Drugs", {
x: 0.3, y: 0.08, w: 9.4, h: 0.55,
fontSize: 18, bold: true, color: ACCENT1,
align: "left", valign: "middle", fontFace: "Arial"
});
const memItems = [
{ drug: "Acyclovir", key: "TK se activate β HSV/VZV. Nephrotoxic (IV)", color: ACCENT1 },
{ drug: "Foscarnet", key: "TK chahiye NAHI β ACV-resistant HSV. CaΒ²βΊβ, Nephrotoxic", color: ACCENT1 },
{ drug: "Ganciclovir", key: "CMV ka main drug. UL97 kinase. Neutropenia!", color: ACCENT3 },
{ drug: "Oseltamivir", key: "Flu A+B. Neuraminidase inhibitor. 48 hrs ke andar dena", color: ACCENT2 },
{ drug: "Baloxavir", key: "Flu A+B. Endonuclease inhibitor. Single dose!", color: ACCENT2 },
{ drug: "Ribavirin", key: "TERATOGENIC (X). Hemolytic anemia. HCV + RSV", color: ACCENT4 },
{ drug: "Dolutegravir", key: "HIV 1st-line INSTI. High resistance barrier. DTG preferred", color: ACCENT5 },
{ drug: "Tenofovir", key: "HIV + HBV. TDFβTAF (less nephrotoxic)", color: ACCENT4 },
{ drug: "Paxlovid", key: "COVID oral. Mpro inhibitor. Drug interactions bahut!", color: ACCENT3 },
{ drug: "Abacavir", key: "HLA-B*57:01 test pehle. Hypersensitivity fatal", color: ACCENT5 },
];
const colW = 4.7;
const rowH = 0.42;
memItems.forEach((item, i) => {
const col = i % 2;
const row = Math.floor(i / 2);
const xPos = 0.15 + col * (colW + 0.3);
const yPos = 0.78 + row * rowH;
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: xPos, y: yPos, w: colW, h: rowH - 0.04,
fill: { color: "0F2336" }
});
s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: xPos, y: yPos, w: 0.08, h: rowH - 0.04,
fill: { color: item.color }
});
s.addText(item.drug, {
x: xPos + 0.12, y: yPos + 0.02, w: 1.3, h: rowH - 0.08,
fontSize: 10, bold: true, color: item.color,
align: "left", valign: "middle", margin: 2
});
s.addText(item.key, {
x: xPos + 1.45, y: yPos + 0.02, w: colW - 1.55, h: rowH - 0.08,
fontSize: 9, color: LIGHT,
align: "left", valign: "middle", margin: 2
});
});
s.addText("Sources: Sherris & Ryan Medical Microbiology 8e β’ Katzung Pharmacology 16e β’ Harrison's 22E β’ Jawetz Medical Microbiology 28e", {
x: 0.3, y: 5.35, w: 9.4, h: 0.22,
fontSize: 7.5, color: GRAY,
align: "center", fontFace: "Arial"
});
}
// Save
pres.writeFile({ fileName: "/home/daytona/workspace/antiviral-flashcards/Antiviral_Drugs_Flashcards.pptx" })
.then(() => console.log("β
Done! Flashcards saved."))
.catch(e => console.error("Error:", e));
cd /home/daytona/workspace/antiviral-flashcards && node make_flashcards.js
ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/antiviral-flashcards/
Antiviral Drugs Flashcards
Presentation Β· PPTX
| Drug | Key Point |
|---|---|
| Acyclovir | TK se activate β HSV/VZV. Nephrotoxic (IV) |
| Valacyclovir | Prodrug of Acyclovir, better bioavailability |
| Famciclovir | Prodrug of Penciclovir, longer intracellular tΒ½ |
| Ganciclovir | CMV drug. UL97 kinase. Neutropenia! |
| Foscarnet | TK chahiye NAHI β ACV-resistant HSV. CaΒ²βΊβ |
| Cidofovir | Nephrotoxic nucleotide. Always give with Probenecid |
| Drug | Key Point |
|---|---|
| Oseltamivir | Neuraminidase inhibitor. 48 hrs ke andar dena |
| Zanamivir | Inhaled. Asthma mein contraindicated |
| Baloxavir | Endonuclease inhibitor. Single dose! |
| Amantadine | Obsolete - >99% resistance. Flu A only |