Definition OCD Marathi aani english mix krun de
OCD म्हणजे असा disorder जिथे मनात वारंवार नको असलेले विचार (obsessions) येतात, आणि त्यातून निर्माण होणारी anxiety कमी करण्यासाठी माणूस repetitive actions (compulsions) करत राहतो - जरी त्याला माहीत असतं की हे logical नाही.
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Obsessions | Unwanted, repeated thoughts/fears |
| Compulsions | Repeated behaviors to reduce anxiety |
| Ego-dystonic | हे विचार स्वतःच्या इच्छेविरुद्ध वाटतात |
| Vicious cycle | Obsession → Anxiety → Compulsion → Temporary relief → Obsession परत |
Write etiology factors for OCD
"obsessive-compulsive disorder"[MeSH Terms] AND etiology
Orbital Frontal Cortex (OFC)
↓
Caudate Nucleus ← hyperactive
↓
Globus Pallidus
↓
Thalamus
↓
Back to OFC (loop बंद होत नाही)
| Neurotransmitter | Role in OCD |
|---|---|
| Serotonin (5-HT) | Primary dysregulation - SSRIs effective असणे हा strong evidence |
| Glutamate (Glx) | Caudate nucleus मध्ये Glx concentrations वाढलेल्या; paroxetine ने कमी होतात |
| Dopamine | Basal ganglia circuit मध्ये role; tics + OCD combination मध्ये relevant |
| Factor | Role |
|---|---|
| Stressful life events | Onset trigger होऊ शकतात (उदा. death of a relative) |
| Childhood trauma | Risk factor म्हणून identified |
| Onset age | Adolescence किंवा early adulthood - gradual onset |
| Gender | Both sexes equally affected (adult OCD) |
| Comorbidities | Depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, tics सोबत येतो |
GENETIC FACTORS
(30+ loci, family history)
↓
┌─── NEUROBIOLOGICAL ────┐
│ OFC-Striatal Circuit │
│ Serotonin/Glutamate │ ← PANDAS (Strep trigger)
│ Brain structure changes│
└────────────────────────┘
↓
┌── PSYCHOLOGICAL ───────┐
│ Cognitive distortions │
│ Perfectionism │
│ Anal stage conflict │
└────────────────────────┘
↓
┌── ENVIRONMENTAL ───────┐
│ Stress, trauma │
│ Life events │
└────────────────────────┘
↓
OCD 🔄
Sources: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E | Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry | Adams & Victor's Principles of Neurology 12th Ed | Nature Genetics (2025) PMID 40360802