12-Lead ECG Interpretation

Basic Parameters

Axis

• Frontal axis: Normal axis (~+60 degrees) based on positive QRS in leads I and aVF.

Lead-by-Lead Analysis

• Lead I: Upright P, normal QRS, no ST changes
• Lead II: Upright P waves, normal conduction; flat or minimally inverted T waves possible
• Lead III: Small Q wave possible, upright T wave
• aVR: Inverted P and T (normal); predominantly negative QRS
• aVL: Small/biphasic complex - normal
• aVF: Upright complexes, normal morphology

• V1-V2: rS pattern (normal); T waves may be inverted in V1 (normal variant in females)
• V3-V4: Transitional zone; no pathological Q waves seen
• V5-V6: Upright QRS with good R wave progression; T waves appear upright

Key Findings and Interpretation

• Normal sinus rhythm at ~83 bpm
• Normal QRS axis
• No significant ST elevation or depression
• No pathological Q waves (no evidence of prior myocardial infarction)
• No bundle branch block (narrow QRS)
• Normal R-wave progression in precordial leads

• T wave changes: There may be subtle T wave flattening in the inferior leads (II, III, aVF) and/or lateral leads - this can be nonspecific and may reflect early ischemia, electrolyte imbalance, or be a normal variant in females.
• No overt ischemic changes such as ST depression or elevation are clearly identifiable.
• No LVH criteria (no markedly tall R waves in V5/V6 or deep S in V1/V2 meeting Sokolow-Lyon criteria).

Impression

• Symptoms (chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations)
• Electrolytes (hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia can flatten T waves)
• Prior ECGs for comparison
• Clinical context (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, cardiac history)

Disclaimer: This is an AI-assisted ECG interpretation for educational and supportive purposes. It does not replace clinical judgment. All findings must be correlated with the patient's clinical presentation, history, and prior tracings by a qualified clinician.