Orris

d. Flagella at both poles 2. Robertson cooked meat broth is an example of a. Enriched media b.Enrichment media c. Anaerobic media d.Nutrient media 3. Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is mediated due to a. Plasmids b. Mec A gene c. Transposons d. Lipopolysaccharides 4. Which of the following antigen is T cell dependent a. Bacterial capsule b. Flagella c. Lipoplysaccharides d. Exotoxin 5. Defect in the spleen predisposes to all of the following infection except: a. Staphylococcus aureus c. Streptococcus pneumonia b. Neisseria meningitides d. Hemophilus influenzae 6. Five moments for hand hygiene include all except a. Before touching a patient c. After body fluid exposure / or at risk of exposure b. After touching a patient d. Before touching patients surroundings 7. Ideal stool concentration method for detection of Ascaris unfertilized eggs is a. Formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation c. Zinc Sulphate Floatation b. Saturated salt solution Floatation d. Sugar Floatation. Answers

Here are the answers with brief explanations:
2. Robertson cooked meat broth → c. Anaerobic media Robertson's cooked meat (RCM) broth is a classic anaerobic medium. The meat particles absorb oxygen and provide a low redox environment, supporting growth of anaerobes like Clostridium spp.
3. MRSA resistance is mediated by → b. MecA gene The mecA gene (carried on the mobile genetic element SCCmec) encodes an altered penicillin-binding protein, PBP2a (PBP2'), which has very low affinity for all beta-lactam antibiotics, conferring broad resistance.
4. T cell-dependent antigen → d. Exotoxin Exotoxins are protein antigens that require T cell help (via MHC class II presentation) to stimulate B cells to produce antibody. Bacterial capsule polysaccharides, flagella, and LPS are T cell-independent antigens (they can directly stimulate B cells without T cell help).
5. Splenic defect predisposes to all EXCEPT → a. Staphylococcus aureus The spleen is critical for opsonization and clearance of encapsulated organisms. Asplenic patients are classically susceptible to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae (the "SHiN" organisms). S. aureus is not primarily an encapsulated organism and its clearance does not depend critically on splenic function.
6. Five moments of hand hygiene - all EXCEPT → d. Before touching patient's surroundings The WHO 5 Moments are:
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before a clean/aseptic procedure
  3. After body fluid exposure risk
  4. After touching a patient
  5. After touching patient surroundings
"Before touching patient's surroundings" is not one of the 5 moments (only "after" touching surroundings is included).
7. Ideal concentration method for Ascaris unfertilized eggs → a. Formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation Unfertilized Ascaris eggs are heavy and do not float well in zinc sulfate or saturated salt/sugar flotation methods (their specific gravity is too high). Formalin-ethyl acetate (FEA) sedimentation is the method of choice as it recovers these dense, atypical eggs reliably.
This is a shared conversation. Sign in to Orris to start your own chat.