Methylphenidate works mainly by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine signaling in brain pathways involved in attention and alertness. It is normally part of a broader ADHD plan that can include behavioral strategies, school/work support, and counseling. The
FDA safety communication notes that prescription stimulants can increase attention and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity in ADHD, and promote wakefulness in narcolepsy.
Methylphenidate is a controlled medication and can be misused or lead to dependence. A clinician should assess heart history, blood pressure, mental-health history, interactions, and risk of misuse before starting it. Seek urgent care for chest pain, fainting, severe agitation, hallucinations, or suicidal thoughts.