What is 2 cell theory in obgy
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ovarian follicle steroidogenesis
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two cell two gonadotropin theory ovarian steroidogenesis granulosa theca cells
Two-cell, two-gonadotropin theory explains how the ovarian follicle produces estradiol (E2) during the follicular phase.
| Component | Hormone acting | Main action |
|---|---|---|
| Theca interna cells | LH | Convert cholesterol into androgens, mainly androstenedione and testosterone |
| Granulosa cells | FSH | Stimulates aromatase, which converts theca-derived androgens into estradiol |
Sequence
- LH acts on theca cells.
- Theca cells synthesize androgens from cholesterol.
- Androgens diffuse into neighboring granulosa cells.
- FSH acts on granulosa cells and induces aromatase.
- Aromatase converts androgens to estrone and estradiol.
Why two cells?
- Theca cells have enzymes for androgen synthesis but lack aromatase.
- Granulosa cells have aromatase but lack the full enzyme system required to make androgens from cholesterol.
One-line exam answer:
LH stimulates theca interna cells to produce androgens; these diffuse into granulosa cells, where FSH-induced aromatase converts them to estradiol.
LH stimulates theca interna cells to produce androgens; these diffuse into granulosa cells, where FSH-induced aromatase converts them to estradiol.
This follicular cooperation is described in Medical Physiology as requiring two ovarian cell types and two gonadotropins for estrogen synthesis (Medical Physiology, lines 2363-2379). The NCBI overview gives the same model.
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