difference between Chikitsa Sutra and Siddhanta in Ayurveda

https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2131/2658

Akshepaka chikitsa sutra Ayurveda treatment principles Vatavyadhi

https://www.easyayurveda.com/charaka-vatavyadhi-chikitsa-28

Akshepaka specific chikitsa sutra treatment Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana 28 Vatavyadhi snehana basti nasya

Akshepaka chikitsa shloka Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana 28 Sanskrit verse

Akshepaka treatment shloka "chikitsa sthana" "28" Sanskrit text reference

https://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/index.php/Vatavyadhi_Chi…

Pakshaghata chikitsa sutra shloka Sanskrit verse Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthana 28 reference

Pakshaghata treatment shloka "Ca. Chi. 28" Sanskrit text snehana basti virechana

https://ayushdhara.in/index.php/ayushdhara/article/download/…

ls /home/daytona/workspace/ 2>/dev/null && mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/plac…

~/placenta-ppt/placenta.js

const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");
const pres = new pptxgen();
pres.layout = "LAYOUT_16x9";
pres.title = "Placenta Formation";
pres.author = "Embryology";

// ── Color palette ──────────────────────────────────────────────
const C = {
  deepPlum:   "2D1B4E",   // dominant dark
  magenta:    "C2185B",   // accent
  coral:      "F06292",   // soft accent
  peach:      "FFAB91",   // highlight
  gold:       "FFD54F",   // accent
  teal:       "00897B",   // info accent
  lightTeal:  "B2DFDB",   // background light
  mint:       "E8F5E9",   // very light bg
  white:      "FFFFFF",
  nearWhite:  "F3E5F5",
  darkText:   "1A0033",
  midGray:    "5E4D6B",
};

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 1 — Title
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();

  // Deep plum background
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });

  // Decorative gradient strip top
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.55, fill:{color:C.magenta} });

  // Decorative gradient strip bottom
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:5.1, w:10, h:0.525, fill:{color:C.teal} });

  // Circular decorative element
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:7.8, y:0.3, w:2.8, h:2.8,
    fill:{color:C.magenta}, line:{color:C.coral, width:3}, transparency:60 });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:8.1, y:0.5, w:2.2, h:2.2,
    fill:{color:C.coral}, line:{color:C.peach, width:2}, transparency:50 });

  // Left accent line
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.35, y:1.4, w:0.08, h:2.4, fill:{color:C.gold} });

  // Title
  s.addText("PLACENTA", {
    x:0.55, y:1.3, w:8, h:1.1,
    fontSize:54, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
    charSpacing:10,
  });
  s.addText("FORMATION", {
    x:0.55, y:2.3, w:8, h:1.0,
    fontSize:44, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri",
    charSpacing:8,
  });

  // Subtitle
  s.addText("Development • Structure • Function • Clinical Significance", {
    x:0.55, y:3.45, w:8.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:15, color:C.lightTeal, fontFace:"Calibri", italic:true,
  });

  // Bottom tag
  s.addText("Embryology | Obstetrics", {
    x:0.35, y:5.15, w:4, h:0.38,
    fontSize:11, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 2 — Overview / Contents
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:C.nearWhite} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.75, fill:{color:C.magenta} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:5.27, w:10, h:0.355, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });

  s.addText("OVERVIEW", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  const topics = [
    { num:"01", title:"Implantation",         sub:"Days 6–10 post-fertilisation" },
    { num:"02", title:"Trophoblast Invasion",  sub:"Cytotrophoblast & Syncytiotrophoblast" },
    { num:"03", title:"Decidua Formation",     sub:"Maternal endometrial changes" },
    { num:"04", title:"Chorionic Villi",        sub:"Primary, Secondary, Tertiary villi" },
    { num:"05", title:"Placental Circulation", sub:"Uteroplacental & Fetoplacental" },
    { num:"06", title:"Mature Placenta",        sub:"Structure, zones, membrane" },
    { num:"07", title:"Functions",              sub:"Respiratory, Nutritive, Endocrine" },
    { num:"08", title:"Clinical Significance", sub:"Placenta praevia, abruption, preeclampsia" },
  ];

  const cols = 2, rows = 4;
  const bw = 4.4, bh = 0.95, gx = 0.25, gy = 0.2;
  const startX = 0.2, startY = 0.88;
  const boxColors = [C.magenta, C.teal, C.deepPlum, C.coral,
                     C.teal, C.magenta, C.deepPlum, C.coral];

  topics.forEach((t, i) => {
    const col = i % cols;
    const row = Math.floor(i / cols);
    const bx = startX + col * (bw + gx);
    const by = startY + row * (bh + gy);

    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:bx, y:by, w:bw, h:bh,
      fill:{color:boxColors[i]}, rectRadius:0.12,
      line:{color:C.white, width:1.5},
    });

    // Number badge
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, {
      x:bx+0.12, y:by+0.22, w:0.45, h:0.45,
      fill:{color:C.white},
    });
    s.addText(t.num, {
      x:bx+0.12, y:by+0.22, w:0.45, h:0.45,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:boxColors[i],
      align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
    });

    s.addText(t.title, {
      x:bx+0.65, y:by+0.07, w:bw-0.75, h:0.42,
      fontSize:14, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
    s.addText(t.sub, {
      x:bx+0.65, y:by+0.48, w:bw-0.75, h:0.38,
      fontSize:10.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", italic:true,
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 3 — Implantation
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"FFF8F0"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.teal} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:5.27, w:10, h:0.355, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0.72, w:0.07, h:4.55, fill:{color:C.gold} });

  s.addText("1. IMPLANTATION", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Timeline boxes
  const stages = [
    { day:"Day 0",    label:"Fertilisation",       detail:"Sperm + Ovum → Zygote in ampulla of fallopian tube", color:C.magenta },
    { day:"Day 1–3",  label:"Cleavage",            detail:"Mitotic divisions → 2,4,8,16 cell morula", color:C.teal },
    { day:"Day 4",    label:"Morula → Blastocyst", detail:"Fluid accumulates → blastocyst cavity (blastocoele)", color:C.deepPlum },
    { day:"Day 5–6",  label:"Hatching",            detail:"Zona pellucida dissolves; blastocyst freed", color:C.coral },
    { day:"Day 6–7",  label:"Apposition",          detail:"Blastocyst orients to endometrium (pole facing)", color:"E65100" },
    { day:"Day 8–10", label:"Implantation",        detail:"Trophoblast invades decidua; interstitial implantation complete", color:C.midGray },
  ];

  stages.forEach((st, i) => {
    const col = i % 3;
    const row = Math.floor(i / 3);
    const bx = 0.22 + col * 3.25;
    const by = 0.88 + row * 2.08;

    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:bx, y:by, w:3.1, h:1.85,
      fill:{color:st.color}, rectRadius:0.15,
    });

    // Day badge
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:bx+0.08, y:by+0.08, w:1.2, h:0.35,
      fill:{color:C.white}, rectRadius:0.08,
    });
    s.addText(st.day, {
      x:bx+0.08, y:by+0.08, w:1.2, h:0.35,
      fontSize:10, bold:true, color:st.color,
      align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
    });

    s.addText(st.label, {
      x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.5, w:2.9, h:0.42,
      fontSize:13, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
    s.addText(st.detail, {
      x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.95, w:2.9, h:0.78,
      fontSize:10, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
      wrap:true,
    });
  });

  s.addText("Normal implantation site: posterior wall of upper uterine body", {
    x:0.2, y:5.28, w:9.5, h:0.32,
    fontSize:10, color:C.white, italic:true, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 4 — Trophoblast Differentiation
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.magenta} });

  s.addText("2. TROPHOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:21, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Central label
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:3.8, y:1.6, w:2.4, h:1.5,
    fill:{color:C.gold}, line:{color:C.white, width:2} });
  s.addText("TROPHOBLAST\n(Day 6)", {
    x:3.8, y:1.6, w:2.4, h:1.5,
    fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum,
    align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Left branch - Cytotrophoblast
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.15, y:0.9, w:3.4, h:1.9,
    fill:{color:C.teal}, rectRadius:0.15 });
  s.addText("CYTOTROPHOBLAST\n(Langhans Layer)", {
    x:0.2, y:0.95, w:3.3, h:0.65,
    fontSize:13, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", align:"center",
  });
  s.addText([
    { text: "• Inner mononuclear layer\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Mitotically active cells\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Fuses to form syncytium\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Present until 20 wks\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Source: regenerates syncytiotrophoblast" },
  ], {
    x:0.25, y:1.62, w:3.2, h:1.15,
    fontSize:10, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Right branch - Syncytiotrophoblast
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:6.45, y:0.9, w:3.4, h:1.9,
    fill:{color:C.coral}, rectRadius:0.15 });
  s.addText("SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST", {
    x:6.5, y:0.95, w:3.3, h:0.42,
    fontSize:13, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", align:"center",
  });
  s.addText([
    { text: "• Outer multinucleated layer\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• No cell boundaries\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Invades decidua directly\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Erodes spiral arteries\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "• Secretes hCG, progesterone" },
  ], {
    x:6.55, y:1.42, w:3.25, h:1.32,
    fontSize:10, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Connecting arrows (lines)
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x:3.55, y:2.3, w:0.25, h:0, line:{color:C.gold, width:2} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x:6.2, y:2.3, w:0.25, h:0, line:{color:C.gold, width:2} });

  // Bottom section - Extravillous Trophoblast
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.5, y:3.1, w:4.2, h:2.0,
    fill:{color:"1A237E"}, rectRadius:0.15 });
  s.addText("EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST (EVT)", {
    x:0.6, y:3.15, w:4.0, h:0.45,
    fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
  s.addText([
    { text: "Interstitial EVT: ", options:{bold:true, breakLine:false} },
    { text: "Invades decidua & myometrium\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "Endovascular EVT: ", options:{bold:true, breakLine:false} },
    { text: "Remodels spiral arteries\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "→ Low resistance, high-flow uteroplacental circulation" },
  ], {
    x:0.6, y:3.65, w:4.0, h:1.35,
    fontSize:10, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Bottom section - Villous Trophoblast
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:5.3, y:3.1, w:4.2, h:2.0,
    fill:{color:"4A0030"}, rectRadius:0.15 });
  s.addText("VILLOUS TROPHOBLAST", {
    x:5.4, y:3.15, w:4.0, h:0.45,
    fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
  s.addText([
    { text: "Covers surface of chorionic villi\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "Outer layer: Syncytiotrophoblast\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "Inner layer: Cytotrophoblast\n", options:{breakLine:true} },
    { text: "Forms the placental barrier (haemochorial)" },
  ], {
    x:5.4, y:3.65, w:4.0, h:1.35,
    fontSize:10, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 5 — Decidua Formation
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"FFF3E0"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:"E65100"} });

  s.addText("3. DECIDUA FORMATION", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Uterus diagram - simplified shapes
  // Uterine wall
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.4, y:0.9, w:3.8, h:4.35,
    fill:{color:"FFCCBC"}, line:{color:"BF360C", width:2}, rectRadius:0.3 });
  s.addText("UTERINE WALL", {
    x:0.45, y:0.92, w:3.7, h:0.38,
    fontSize:10, bold:true, color:"BF360C", align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Decidua basalis
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.5, y:1.38, w:3.6, h:0.85,
    fill:{color:C.magenta} });
  s.addText("DECIDUA BASALIS", {
    x:0.55, y:1.44, w:3.5, h:0.32,
    fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
  s.addText("Deep to embryo • Forms maternal part of placenta", {
    x:0.55, y:1.76, w:3.5, h:0.4,
    fontSize:8.5, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Decidua capsularis
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.5, y:2.3, w:3.6, h:0.85,
    fill:{color:C.teal} });
  s.addText("DECIDUA CAPSULARIS", {
    x:0.55, y:2.36, w:3.5, h:0.32,
    fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
  s.addText("Covers embryo superficially • Disappears by 20 wks", {
    x:0.55, y:2.68, w:3.5, h:0.4,
    fontSize:8.5, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Decidua parietalis
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.5, y:3.22, w:3.6, h:0.85,
    fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });
  s.addText("DECIDUA PARIETALIS", {
    x:0.55, y:3.28, w:3.5, h:0.32,
    fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
  s.addText("Lines rest of uterine cavity • Merges with capsularis", {
    x:0.55, y:3.6, w:3.5, h:0.4,
    fontSize:8.5, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Embryo placeholder
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:1.2, y:4.2, w:2.2, h:0.78,
    fill:{color:C.gold}, line:{color:"BF360C", width:1.5} });
  s.addText("EMBRYO", {
    x:1.2, y:4.2, w:2.2, h:0.78,
    fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Right panel - details
  const details = [
    { title:"Decidual Reaction", body:"Endometrial stromal cells enlarge → Decidual cells. Rich in glycogen & lipids. Provides nutrition to embryo.", color:C.magenta },
    { title:"Spiral Artery Remodelling", body:"EVT replaces vessel wall. High-resistance → low-resistance flow. Begins week 8, complete by 20 wks.", color:C.teal },
    { title:"Immune Tolerance", body:"Decidua creates immunological sanctuary. NK cells, Tregs protect semi-allograft fetus from rejection.", color:C.deepPlum },
    { title:"Decidua = Endometrium in Pregnancy", body:"Progesterone-driven transformation. Fails → miscarriage. Excessive → accreta spectrum.", color:"E65100" },
  ];

  details.forEach((d, i) => {
    const by = 0.88 + i * 1.18;
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:4.5, y:by, w:5.3, h:1.05,
      fill:{color:d.color}, rectRadius:0.12,
    });
    s.addText(d.title, {
      x:4.62, y:by+0.06, w:5.1, h:0.38,
      fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
    s.addText(d.body, {
      x:4.62, y:by+0.44, w:5.1, h:0.52,
      fontSize:9.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 6 — Chorionic Villi Development
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"E8EAF6"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:"1A237E"} });

  s.addText("4. CHORIONIC VILLI DEVELOPMENT", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:21, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Three stages
  const villus = [
    {
      stage:"PRIMARY VILLI", week:"Week 2",
      desc:"Cytotrophoblast core covered by syncytiotrophoblast. Solid trophoblast projections into decidua. No blood vessels yet.",
      color:C.magenta, x:0.2
    },
    {
      stage:"SECONDARY VILLI", week:"Week 3",
      desc:"Extraembryonic mesoderm grows into core. Villi have mesenchymal core. Cytotrophoblast + Syncytio + Mesoderm = 3 layers.",
      color:C.teal, x:3.55
    },
    {
      stage:"TERTIARY VILLI", week:"Week 3–4",
      desc:"Fetal blood vessels differentiate in mesenchymal core. Allantois vessels connect to fetal circulation. Villi become vascular.",
      color:"E65100", x:6.9
    },
  ];

  villus.forEach((v) => {
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:v.x, y:0.82, w:3.2, h:4.6,
      fill:{color:v.color}, rectRadius:0.18,
    });

    // Stage badge
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
      x:v.x+0.12, y:0.9, w:2.96, h:0.5,
      fill:{color:C.white}, rectRadius:0.08,
    });
    s.addText(v.stage, {
      x:v.x+0.12, y:0.9, w:2.96, h:0.5,
      fontSize:12, bold:true, color:v.color,
      align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
    });

    s.addText(v.week, {
      x:v.x+0.12, y:1.48, w:2.96, h:0.38,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.gold,
      align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
    });

    // Diagram circle (simplified cross-section)
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, {
      x:v.x+0.6, y:1.9, w:2.0, h:1.4,
      fill:{color:C.white}, line:{color:C.gold, width:2},
    });

    if (v.stage === "PRIMARY VILLI") {
      // Syncytio ring
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+0.65, y:1.95, w:1.9, h:1.3, fill:{color:C.coral}, line:{color:C.white, width:1} });
      // Cyto core
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+1.0, y:2.2, w:1.2, h:0.8, fill:{color:C.peach} });
      s.addText("Cyto", { x:v.x+1.0, y:2.2, w:1.2, h:0.8, fontSize:8, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, align:"center", valign:"middle" });
      s.addText("Syncytio", { x:v.x+0.65, y:1.95, w:0.9, h:0.35, fontSize:7, color:C.white, align:"center" });
    } else if (v.stage === "SECONDARY VILLI") {
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+0.65, y:1.95, w:1.9, h:1.3, fill:{ color:C.coral }, line:{color:C.white, width:1} });
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+0.9, y:2.1, w:1.4, h:1.0, fill:{color:C.peach} });
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+1.1, y:2.25, w:1.0, h:0.7, fill:{color:"A5D6A7"} });
      s.addText("Meso", { x:v.x+1.1, y:2.25, w:1.0, h:0.7, fontSize:7, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, align:"center", valign:"middle" });
    } else {
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+0.65, y:1.95, w:1.9, h:1.3, fill:{color:C.coral}, line:{color:C.white, width:1} });
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+0.9, y:2.1, w:1.4, h:1.0, fill:{color:C.peach} });
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+1.1, y:2.25, w:0.7, h:0.5, fill:{color:"EF5350"} });
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:v.x+1.25, y:2.32, w:0.4, h:0.35, fill:{color:C.white} });
      s.addText("BV", { x:v.x+1.25, y:2.32, w:0.4, h:0.35, fontSize:6, bold:true, color:"EF5350", align:"center", valign:"middle" });
    }

    s.addText(v.desc, {
      x:v.x+0.15, y:3.45, w:2.9, h:1.85,
      fontSize:9.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", wrap:true,
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 7 — Mature Placenta Structure
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"E0F2F1"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.teal} });

  s.addText("5 & 6. MATURE PLACENTA – STRUCTURE", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:21, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Key facts boxes
  const facts = [
    { label:"Weight",       val:"500 g (term)",         color:C.magenta },
    { label:"Diameter",     val:"15–20 cm",              color:C.teal },
    { label:"Thickness",    val:"2.5–3 cm",              color:"E65100" },
    { label:"Cotyledons",   val:"15–30 (maternal side)", color:C.deepPlum },
  ];
  facts.forEach((f, i) => {
    const fx = 0.2 + i * 2.42;
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:fx, y:0.82, w:2.25, h:0.95,
      fill:{color:f.color}, rectRadius:0.1 });
    s.addText(f.label, { x:fx+0.08, y:0.86, w:2.1, h:0.35,
      fontSize:10, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri" });
    s.addText(f.val, { x:fx+0.08, y:1.22, w:2.1, h:0.45,
      fontSize:11, color:C.gold, bold:true, fontFace:"Calibri" });
  });

  // Layers from fetal to maternal
  const layers = [
    { name:"Amniotic Epithelium",       detail:"Inner-most • Lines amniotic cavity", color:"B3E5FC" },
    { name:"Chorionic Plate (Fetal)",   detail:"Connective tissue • Umbilical vessels travel here", color:"81D4FA" },
    { name:"Intervillous Space",        detail:"Maternal blood bathes villi • Site of exchange", color:C.coral },
    { name:"Cytotrophoblast Shell",     detail:"Anchoring villi merge here", color:C.peach },
    { name:"Decidua Basalis (Maternal)",detail:"Maternal septa divide into cotyledons • Nitabuch layer", color:C.magenta },
    { name:"Myometrium",                detail:"Uterine muscle", color:"CE93D8" },
  ];
  layers.forEach((l, i) => {
    const by = 1.9 + i * 0.57;
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.2, y:by, w:9.6, h:0.55, fill:{color:l.color} });
    s.addText(l.name, { x:0.3, y:by+0.05, w:3.5, h:0.42,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, fontFace:"Calibri" });
    s.addText(l.detail, { x:3.9, y:by+0.07, w:5.8, h:0.38,
      fontSize:10, color:C.darkText, fontFace:"Calibri" });
  });

  // Arrow labels
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:1.9, w:0.18, h:3.42, fill:{color:C.teal} });
  s.addText("FETAL", { x:0.02, y:1.9, w:0.18, h:1.71,
    fontSize:8, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", valign:"middle",
    rotate:270 });
  s.addText("MATERNAL", { x:0.02, y:3.61, w:0.18, h:1.71,
    fontSize:8, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", valign:"middle",
    rotate:270 });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 8 — Placental Circulation
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.coral} });

  s.addText("PLACENTAL CIRCULATION", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Fetal circulation
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.2, y:0.85, w:4.5, h:4.5,
    fill:{color:"1A237E"}, rectRadius:0.2 });
  s.addText("FETAL CIRCULATION", {
    x:0.35, y:0.9, w:4.2, h:0.45,
    fontSize:14, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri", align:"center",
  });

  const fetalItems = [
    { t:"Umbilical Arteries (×2)", d:"Deoxygenated blood from fetus → placenta\nArises from internal iliac arteries" },
    { t:"Chorionic Plate Arteries", d:"Branch into stem villi arteries" },
    { t:"Capillary Network", d:"In terminal villi → gas/nutrient exchange" },
    { t:"Umbilical Vein (×1)",     d:"Oxygenated blood → fetus via ductus venosus\nHighest O₂ saturation in fetal body" },
  ];
  fetalItems.forEach((fi, i) => {
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.32, y:1.42+i*0.82, w:4.25, h:0.75,
      fill:{color:i%2===0?C.teal:"1A5276"}, rectRadius:0.08 });
    s.addText(fi.t, { x:0.42, y:1.46+i*0.82, w:4.05, h:0.28,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri" });
    s.addText(fi.d, { x:0.42, y:1.74+i*0.82, w:4.05, h:0.38,
      fontSize:9, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri" });
  });

  // Maternal circulation
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:5.3, y:0.85, w:4.5, h:4.5,
    fill:{color:"4A0030"}, rectRadius:0.2 });
  s.addText("MATERNAL CIRCULATION", {
    x:5.45, y:0.9, w:4.2, h:0.45,
    fontSize:14, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri", align:"center",
  });

  const maternalItems = [
    { t:"Spiral Arteries (Remodelled)", d:"Low-resistance arteries after EVT invasion\n↑ Blood flow to intervillous space" },
    { t:"Intervillous Space", d:"~150 mL blood at term\nExchanges O₂, CO₂, glucose, waste" },
    { t:"Uterine Veins / Venous Lakes", d:"Deoxygenated blood drains out of IVS" },
    { t:"Nitabuch Layer", d:"Fibrinoid zone at decidua-trophoblast junction\nPrevents excessive invasion" },
  ];
  maternalItems.forEach((mi, i) => {
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:5.42, y:1.42+i*0.82, w:4.25, h:0.75,
      fill:{color:i%2===0?C.magenta:"7B1F2A"}, rectRadius:0.08 });
    s.addText(mi.t, { x:5.52, y:1.46+i*0.82, w:4.05, h:0.28,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri" });
    s.addText(mi.d, { x:5.52, y:1.74+i*0.82, w:4.05, h:0.38,
      fontSize:9, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri" });
  });

  // Exchange label in middle
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:4.22, y:2.4, w:1.56, h:1.56,
    fill:{color:C.gold}, line:{color:C.white, width:2} });
  s.addText("EXCHANGE\nZONE\nIVS", {
    x:4.22, y:2.4, w:1.56, h:1.56,
    fontSize:9, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum,
    align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 9 — Functions of Placenta
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"FFFDE7"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.gold} });

  s.addText("7. FUNCTIONS OF PLACENTA", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  const funcs = [
    {
      icon:"🫁", title:"Respiratory",
      points:["O₂: maternal→fetal via diffusion","CO₂: fetal→maternal via diffusion","Bohr effect facilitates O₂ transfer","HbF has higher O₂ affinity than HbA"],
      color:C.teal,
    },
    {
      icon:"🍎", title:"Nutritive",
      points:["Glucose: facilitated diffusion (GLUT1/3)","Amino acids: active transport","Fatty acids: diffusion","Iron, Ca²⁺: active transport"],
      color:"E65100",
    },
    {
      icon:"🚫", title:"Excretory",
      points:["CO₂ → maternal blood","Urea, uric acid → maternal circulation","Bilirubin cleared via IVS","Water by osmosis"],
      color:C.magenta,
    },
    {
      icon:"🛡️", title:"Immunological",
      points:["IgG actively transported (FcRn receptor)","Passive immunity to fetus","NK cell tolerance at decidua","Barrier to most organisms (not all)"],
      color:"1A237E",
    },
    {
      icon:"⚗️", title:"Endocrine",
      points:["hCG: maintains corpus luteum","Progesterone: maintains pregnancy","Oestrogen: uterine growth","hPL: diabetogenic; fetal nutrition"],
      color:C.deepPlum,
    },
    {
      icon:"🧱", title:"Barrier Function",
      points:["Placental membrane = 4 layers (early)","Thins to 2 layers at term","Crosses: drugs, alcohol, some viruses","Prevents: bacteria, most pathogens"],
      color:C.coral,
    },
  ];

  funcs.forEach((f, i) => {
    const col = i % 3;
    const row = Math.floor(i / 3);
    const bx = 0.2 + col * 3.25;
    const by = 0.88 + row * 2.32;

    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:bx, y:by, w:3.1, h:2.18,
      fill:{color:f.color}, rectRadius:0.15 });

    s.addText(f.icon+" "+f.title, {
      x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.08, w:2.9, h:0.42,
      fontSize:13, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Segoe UI Emoji",
    });

    f.points.forEach((pt, pi) => {
      s.addText("• "+pt, {
        x:bx+0.12, y:by+0.52+pi*0.38, w:2.86, h:0.36,
        fontSize:9.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
      });
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 10 — Placental Barrier
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"FCE4EC"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.magenta} });

  s.addText("PLACENTAL BARRIER (HAEMOCHORIAL)", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:21, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  // Early (4 layers) vs Late (2 layers)
  const phases = [
    {
      label:"EARLY PREGNANCY (4 Layers)", col:C.teal,
      layers:["1. Syncytiotrophoblast","2. Cytotrophoblast (Langhans)","3. Villous Stroma / Mesenchyme","4. Fetal Capillary Endothelium"],
    },
    {
      label:"LATE PREGNANCY (2 Layers)", col:C.magenta,
      layers:["1. Syncytiotrophoblast","(Cytotrophoblast disappears)","(Stroma thins out)","2. Fetal Capillary Endothelium"],
    },
  ];

  phases.forEach((ph, pi) => {
    const bx = 0.3 + pi * 4.8;
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:bx, y:0.85, w:4.5, h:4.55,
      fill:{color:ph.col}, rectRadius:0.18 });
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:bx+0.08, y:0.92, w:4.34, h:0.5,
      fill:{color:C.white}, rectRadius:0.08 });
    s.addText(ph.label, { x:bx+0.08, y:0.92, w:4.34, h:0.5,
      fontSize:11, bold:true, color:ph.col, align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri" });

    ph.layers.forEach((layer, li) => {
      const layerColors = ["FFCDD2","F8BBD0","E1F5FE","B3E5FC"];
      s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:bx+0.12, y:1.52+li*0.72, w:4.26, h:0.65,
        fill:{color:layerColors[li]} });
      s.addText(layer, { x:bx+0.2, y:1.55+li*0.72, w:4.1, h:0.58,
        fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri" });
    });

    s.addText(pi===0 ? "Thicker barrier • Less permeable" : "Thinner barrier • ↑ Exchange efficiency", {
      x:bx+0.1, y:4.52, w:4.3, h:0.72,
      fontSize:11, italic:true, color:C.white, align:"center", valign:"middle", fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 11 — Clinical Significance
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:"EDE7F6"} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });

  s.addText("8. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  const clinicals = [
    {
      condition:"Placenta Praevia",
      def:"Placenta implants over or near internal os",
      features:["Painless antepartum bleeding (PV)","Type I–IV (marginal to complete)","USG diagnosis","LSCS if type III/IV"],
      color:C.magenta,
    },
    {
      condition:"Placental Abruption",
      def:"Premature separation of normally sited placenta",
      features:["Painful bleeding (revealed/concealed)","Couvelaire uterus (severe)","DIC risk","Fetal distress → emergency LSCS"],
      color:"B71C1C",
    },
    {
      condition:"Placenta Accreta Spectrum",
      def:"Abnormal invasion of trophoblast into myometrium",
      features:["Accreta: adheres (no invasion)","Increta: myometrium invasion","Percreta: through to serosa/bladder","Major cause of PPH"],
      color:"E65100",
    },
    {
      condition:"Pre-eclampsia",
      def:"Failure of spiral artery remodelling → ischaemia",
      features:["Shallow EVT invasion (1st trimester)","↑ sFlt-1, ↓ PlGF","HTN + Proteinuria after 20 wks","Systemic endothelial dysfunction"],
      color:C.teal,
    },
    {
      condition:"Placental Insufficiency / IUGR",
      def:"Impaired uteroplacental blood flow → fetal growth restriction",
      features:["Doppler: absent/reversed EDF","Brain-sparing effect","Asymmetric growth restriction","Risk: stillbirth, neurodevelopment"],
      color:"1A237E",
    },
    {
      condition:"Molar Pregnancy (GTD)",
      def:"Abnormal trophoblast proliferation",
      features:["Complete mole: 46XX, no fetal parts","Partial mole: triploid","↑↑ hCG","Risk: choriocarcinoma"],
      color:"4A148C",
    },
  ];

  clinicals.forEach((c, i) => {
    const col = i % 3;
    const row = Math.floor(i / 3);
    const bx = 0.15 + col * 3.25;
    const by = 0.82 + row * 2.35;

    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:bx, y:by, w:3.1, h:2.22,
      fill:{color:c.color}, rectRadius:0.15 });

    s.addText(c.condition, {
      x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.07, w:2.9, h:0.4,
      fontSize:12, bold:true, color:C.gold, fontFace:"Calibri",
    });
    s.addText(c.def, {
      x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.48, w:2.9, h:0.42,
      fontSize:9, italic:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", wrap:true,
    });

    c.features.forEach((feat, fi) => {
      s.addText("▸ "+feat, {
        x:bx+0.1, y:by+0.92+fi*0.3, w:2.9, h:0.28,
        fontSize:8.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
      });
    });
  });
}

// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 12 — Summary / Thank You
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
  const s = pres.addSlide();
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color:C.deepPlum} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color:C.teal} });
  s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:5.27, w:10, h:0.355, fill:{color:C.magenta} });

  s.addText("SUMMARY", {
    x:0.3, y:0.1, w:9.5, h:0.55,
    fontSize:22, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri",
  });

  const summaryPoints = [
    "Fertilisation → Zygote → Morula → Blastocyst → Implantation (Day 6–10)",
    "Trophoblast → Cytotrophoblast + Syncytiotrophoblast → EVT remodels spiral arteries",
    "Decidua (Basalis, Capsularis, Parietalis) provides nutrition & immune tolerance",
    "Villi: Primary (Week 2) → Secondary (Week 3) → Tertiary vascular villi (Week 3–4)",
    "Mature placenta: ~500g, haemochorial type, 15–30 cotyledons, intervillous exchange",
    "Functions: Respiratory, Nutritive, Excretory, Immunological (IgG), Endocrine (hCG, hPL)",
    "Barrier: 4 layers (early) → 2 layers (term); Type: Haemochorial in humans",
    "Clinical: Praevia, Abruption, Accreta, Pre-eclampsia, IUGR, Molar pregnancy",
  ];

  summaryPoints.forEach((pt, i) => {
    const by = 0.88 + i * 0.56;
    const bg = i % 2 === 0 ? "2D1B60" : "1E1040";
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x:0.2, y:by, w:9.6, h:0.5,
      fill:{color:bg}, rectRadius:0.06 });
    s.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x:0.28, y:by+0.12, w:0.26, h:0.26,
      fill:{color:C.gold} });
    s.addText(String(i+1), { x:0.28, y:by+0.12, w:0.26, h:0.26,
      fontSize:8, bold:true, color:C.deepPlum, align:"center", valign:"middle" });
    s.addText(pt, { x:0.62, y:by+0.04, w:8.9, h:0.42,
      fontSize:10.5, color:C.white, fontFace:"Calibri", valign:"middle" });
  });

  s.addText("Thank You", {
    x:3, y:5.27, w:4, h:0.34,
    fontSize:13, bold:true, color:C.white, align:"center", fontFace:"Calibri",
  });
}

// ── Write file ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
pres.writeFile({ fileName: "/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Placenta_Formation.pptx" })
  .then(() => console.log("✅ Done: Placenta_Formation.pptx"))
  .catch(e => console.error("❌", e));

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && node placenta.js 2>&1

libreoffice --headless --convert-to pdf /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Pla…

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/out && libreoffice --headless --co…

ls -la /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Placenta_Formation.pptx && cp /home/…

cp /tmp/Placenta_Formation.pdf /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Placenta_For…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && python3 -c " import pdfplumber with p…

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import mm, cm
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas
from reportlab.lib.colors import HexColor
from reportlab.platypus import Table, TableStyle
import math

W, H = A4  # 595 x 842 pt

# ── Palette ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
PLUM    = HexColor("#2D1B4E")
MAGENTA = HexColor("#C2185B")
CORAL   = HexColor("#F06292")
PEACH   = HexColor("#FFAB91")
GOLD    = HexColor("#FFD54F")
TEAL    = HexColor("#00897B")
LTEAL   = HexColor("#B2DFDB")
NAVY    = HexColor("#1A237E")
ORANGE  = HexColor("#E65100")
PURPLE  = HexColor("#4A148C")
WHITE   = colors.white
DARK    = HexColor("#1A0033")
LGRAY   = HexColor("#F3E5F5")
MINT    = HexColor("#E8F5E9")

def header(c, title, bg, num, total=10):
    """Draw coloured header band with title and page indicator."""
    c.setFillColor(bg)
    c.rect(0, H - 52, W, 52, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 18)
    c.drawString(16, H - 36, title)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 10)
    c.drawRightString(W - 14, H - 22, f"Chart {num} of {total}")
    # thin gold accent line
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.rect(0, H - 56, W, 4, fill=1, stroke=0)

def footer(c, note=""):
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.rect(0, 0, W, 22, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Oblique", 8)
    c.drawString(14, 7, "Placenta Formation | Embryology & Obstetrics")
    if note:
        c.drawRightString(W - 14, 7, note)

def rounded_rect(c, x, y, w, h, r, fill_color, stroke_color=None, stroke_w=1):
    """Draw a filled rounded rectangle."""
    c.setFillColor(fill_color)
    if stroke_color:
        c.setStrokeColor(stroke_color)
        c.setLineWidth(stroke_w)
    c.roundRect(x, y, w, h, r, fill=1, stroke=1 if stroke_color else 0)

def badge(c, x, y, w, h, text, bg, fg=None, fontsize=9, bold=False):
    fg = fg or WHITE
    rounded_rect(c, x, y, w, h, 4, bg)
    c.setFillColor(fg)
    fn = "Helvetica-Bold" if bold else "Helvetica"
    c.setFont(fn, fontsize)
    c.drawCentredString(x + w/2, y + h/2 - fontsize*0.35, text)

def wrap_text(c, text, x, y, max_width, font, size, color=WHITE, line_height=None):
    lh = line_height or size * 1.4
    c.setFont(font, size)
    c.setFillColor(color)
    words = text.split()
    line = ""
    cur_y = y
    for word in words:
        test = (line + " " + word).strip()
        if c.stringWidth(test, font, size) <= max_width:
            line = test
        else:
            if line:
                c.drawString(x, cur_y, line)
                cur_y -= lh
            line = word
    if line:
        c.drawString(x, cur_y, line)
    return cur_y - lh


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 1 — Implantation Timeline (Flow Chart)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart1(c):
    header(c, "CHART 1 · Implantation Timeline (Day 0 → Day 10)", TEAL, 1)
    footer(c, "Days 0–10 post-fertilisation")

    stages = [
        ("Day 0",    "Fertilisation",       "Sperm + Ovum → Zygote\nin fallopian ampulla",    MAGENTA),
        ("Day 1–3",  "Cleavage",            "2 → 4 → 8 → 16 cell\nMorula forms",              TEAL),
        ("Day 4",    "Blastocyst",          "Fluid fills blastocoele\nInner cell mass forms",  NAVY),
        ("Day 5–6",  "Hatching",            "Zona pellucida dissolves\nBlastocyst freed",      ORANGE),
        ("Day 6–7",  "Apposition",          "Blastocyst adheres to\nposterior uterine wall",   PURPLE),
        ("Day 8–10", "Implantation",        "Trophoblast invades\ndecidua; complete",          HexColor("#B71C1C")),
    ]

    bw, bh = 135, 88
    gap = 20
    start_x = (W - (3 * bw + 2 * gap)) / 2
    row_y = [H - 210, H - 370]

    for i, (day, title, detail, col) in enumerate(stages):
        col_i = i % 3
        row_i = i // 3
        bx = start_x + col_i * (bw + gap)
        by = row_y[row_i]

        # Box
        rounded_rect(c, bx, by, bw, bh, 8, col, WHITE, 1)

        # Day badge
        badge(c, bx + 6, by + bh - 24, 70, 18, day, WHITE, col, 8, True)

        # Title
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 12)
        c.drawString(bx + 8, by + bh - 46, title)

        # Detail
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
        for j, line in enumerate(detail.split("\n")):
            c.drawString(bx + 8, by + bh - 62 - j * 13, line)

        # Arrow between boxes in same row
        if col_i < 2:
            ax = bx + bw + 4
            ay = by + bh // 2
            c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
            c.setLineWidth(2)
            c.line(ax, ay, ax + gap - 8, ay)
            # arrowhead
            c.setFillColor(GOLD)
            c.polygon([ax + gap - 8, ay, ax + gap - 16, ay + 5, ax + gap - 16, ay - 5], fill=1)

        # Down arrow from row 0 col 2 to row 1 col 2 (right-most)
        if i == 2:
            dx = bx + bw // 2
            c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
            c.setLineWidth(2)
            c.line(dx, by, dx, row_y[1] + bh)
            c.setFillColor(GOLD)
            c.polygon([dx, row_y[1] + bh, dx - 5, row_y[1] + bh + 10, dx + 5, row_y[1] + bh + 10], fill=1)

    # Key note box
    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 50, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
    c.drawString(42, 62, "Key Fact:")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 10)
    c.drawString(42, 48, "Normal implantation site = Posterior wall, upper uterine body (fundus)")
    c.drawString(42, 36, "Type = Interstitial (decidua basalis). Ectopic implantation → tubal pregnancy (ampulla most common)")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 2 — Trophoblast Differentiation (Branching Diagram)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart2(c):
    header(c, "CHART 2 · Trophoblast Differentiation", MAGENTA, 2)
    footer(c, "Day 6 onwards")

    # Central node
    cx, cy = W / 2, H - 160
    badge(c, cx - 70, cy - 22, 140, 44, "TROPHOBLAST (Day 6)", GOLD, PLUM, 12, True)

    # Left branch: Cytotrophoblast
    lx, ly = 60, H - 340
    c.setStrokeColor(TEAL)
    c.setLineWidth(2)
    c.line(cx, cy - 22, lx + 125, ly + 110)

    rounded_rect(c, lx, ly - 20, 250, 130, 8, TEAL)
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 12)
    c.drawString(lx + 8, ly + 92, "CYTOTROPHOBLAST")
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(lx + 8, ly + 78, "(Langhans Layer)")
    points_l = ["• Inner mononuclear layer", "• Mitotically active", "• Fuses → syncytium",
                "• Present until 20 wks", "• Regenerates syncytiotrophoblast"]
    for j, pt in enumerate(points_l):
        c.drawString(lx + 8, ly + 60 - j * 14, pt)

    # Right branch: Syncytiotrophoblast
    rx, ry = W - 60 - 250, H - 340
    c.setStrokeColor(CORAL)
    c.setLineWidth(2)
    c.line(cx, cy - 22, rx + 125, ry + 110)

    rounded_rect(c, rx, ry - 20, 250, 130, 8, MAGENTA)
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 12)
    c.drawString(rx + 8, ry + 92, "SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST")
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    points_r = ["• Outer multinucleated layer", "• No cell boundaries", "• Invades decidua directly",
                "• Erodes spiral arteries", "• Secretes hCG & progesterone"]
    for j, pt in enumerate(points_r):
        c.drawString(rx + 8, ry + 78 - j * 14, pt)

    # Bottom two boxes: EVT and Villous
    evx, evy = 30, H - 570
    rounded_rect(c, evx, evy, 245, 115, 8, NAVY)
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
    c.drawString(evx + 8, evy + 96, "EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST (EVT)")
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    evtpts = ["Interstitial EVT: invades decidua & myometrium",
              "Endovascular EVT: remodels spiral arteries",
              "→ Low-resistance uteroplacental circulation",
              "Key in pre-eclampsia pathology"]
    for j, pt in enumerate(evtpts):
        c.drawString(evx + 8, evy + 78 - j * 14, pt)

    vx, vy = W - 30 - 245, H - 570
    rounded_rect(c, vx, vy, 245, 115, 8, ORANGE)
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
    c.drawString(vx + 8, vy + 96, "VILLOUS TROPHOBLAST")
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    vpts = ["Covers surface of chorionic villi",
            "Outer: Syncytiotrophoblast",
            "Inner: Cytotrophoblast",
            "Forms the placental BARRIER (haemochorial)"]
    for j, pt in enumerate(vpts):
        c.drawString(vx + 8, vy + 78 - j * 14, pt)

    # Connector lines to bottom boxes
    c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
    c.setLineWidth(1.5)
    c.line(lx + 125, ly - 20, evx + 122, evy + 115)
    c.line(rx + 125, ry - 20, vx + 122, vy + 115)

    # Bottom note
    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 38, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 52, "Remember:")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 38, "Cytotrophoblast = stem cells | Syncytiotrophoblast = functional (hormone secretion + invasion)")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 3 — Decidua Formation (Labelled Diagram)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart3(c):
    header(c, "CHART 3 · Decidua Formation", ORANGE, 3)
    footer(c, "Maternal endometrial transformation")

    # Uterine wall layers - stacked rectangles
    layers = [
        ("DECIDUA BASALIS",    "Deep to embryo • Forms maternal part of placenta",                       MAGENTA),
        ("DECIDUA CAPSULARIS", "Covers embryo superficially • Disappears by 20 weeks",                  TEAL),
        ("DECIDUA PARIETALIS", "Lines rest of uterine cavity • Fuses with capsularis by 20 wks",        NAVY),
        ("MYOMETRIUM",         "Uterine muscle layer • Invaded by EVT in accreta spectrum",              HexColor("#5D4037")),
    ]
    lx, lw, lh = 40, 240, 58
    start_ly = H - 490
    c.setFillColor(HexColor("#FFF3E0"))
    c.roundRect(30, start_ly - 20, 260, 4 * lh + 60, 8, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(ORANGE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
    c.drawCentredString(160, start_ly + 4 * lh + 30, "UTERINE WALL")

    for i, (name, desc, col) in enumerate(layers):
        ly = start_ly + (3 - i) * lh
        rounded_rect(c, lx, ly, lw, lh - 4, 4, col)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
        c.drawString(lx + 8, ly + lh - 20, name)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        for j, line in enumerate(desc.split("•")):
            c.drawString(lx + 8, ly + lh - 34 - j * 12, ("• " + line.strip()) if j > 0 else line.strip())

    # Embryo oval
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.ellipse(60, start_ly - 60, 220, start_ly - 10, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 12)
    c.drawCentredString(140, start_ly - 40, "EMBRYO / FETUS")

    # Right panel: key processes
    panels = [
        ("Decidual Reaction",         "Stromal cells → Decidual cells\nRich in glycogen & lipids\nNutrition to embryo",   MAGENTA),
        ("Spiral Artery Remodelling", "EVT replaces vessel wall\nHigh→Low resistance flow\nComplete by 20 wks",           TEAL),
        ("Immune Tolerance",          "NK cells + Tregs\nProtect semi-allograft fetus\nImmunological sanctuary",          NAVY),
        ("Clinical Significance",     "Fails → miscarriage\nExcessive → Accreta spectrum\nProgesterone driven",           ORANGE),
    ]
    px, pw, ph = 310, 245, 102
    for i, (title, body, col) in enumerate(panels):
        py = H - 200 - i * (ph + 10)
        rounded_rect(c, px, py, pw, ph, 6, col)
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
        c.drawString(px + 8, py + ph - 18, title)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
        for j, line in enumerate(body.split("\n")):
            c.drawString(px + 8, py + ph - 34 - j * 14, line)

    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 38, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 52, "Decidua = Endometrium of pregnancy (progesterone-driven transformation from secretory endometrium)")
    c.drawString(42, 38, "Three zones: Basalis (placental) | Capsularis (covers) | Parietalis (lining)")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 4 — Chorionic Villi Development (3-Stage Progression)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart4(c):
    header(c, "CHART 4 · Chorionic Villi Development", NAVY, 4)
    footer(c, "Week 2 → Week 3–4")

    stages = [
        ("PRIMARY VILLI",   "Week 2",   MAGENTA,
         ["Cytotrophoblast core", "Covered by syncytiotrophoblast",
          "Solid trophoblast projections", "No blood vessels yet", "2 layers only"]),
        ("SECONDARY VILLI",  "Week 3",  TEAL,
         ["Mesenchymal core added", "Cytotrophoblast + Syncytio", "+ Extraembryonic mesoderm",
          "3 layers present", "Still avascular"]),
        ("TERTIARY VILLI",   "Week 3–4", ORANGE,
         ["Fetal blood vessels form", "Allantois vessels connect", "Villi become VASCULAR",
          "Full exchange capacity", "Functional placenta"]),
    ]

    bx_start = 35
    bw, bh = 160, 380
    gap = 12

    for i, (title, week, col, points) in enumerate(stages):
        bx = bx_start + i * (bw + gap)
        by = H - 720

        # Main card
        rounded_rect(c, bx, by, bw, bh, 10, col, WHITE, 1)

        # Stage title
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 12)
        c.drawCentredString(bx + bw / 2, by + bh - 24, title)

        # Week badge
        badge(c, bx + bw//2 - 35, by + bh - 48, 70, 20, week, WHITE, col, 9, True)

        # Cross-section diagram (concentric circles representing layers)
        cx2, cy2 = bx + bw // 2, by + bh - 120
        radii_colors = {
            0: [(38, CORAL), (28, PEACH), (15, HexColor("#A5D6A7"))],
            1: [(38, CORAL), (28, PEACH), (16, HexColor("#A5D6A7")), (8, TEAL)],
            2: [(38, CORAL), (28, PEACH), (16, HexColor("#A5D6A7")), (8, HexColor("#EF5350"))],
        }
        for r, fc in radii_colors[i]:
            c.setFillColor(fc)
            c.circle(cx2, cy2, r, fill=1, stroke=0)

        # Labels on diagram
        labels = {
            0: [("Syncytio", cx2 - 36, cy2 + 28, 7)],
            1: [("Syncytio", cx2 - 36, cy2 + 28, 7), ("Meso", cx2 - 8, cy2 + 5, 7)],
            2: [("Syncytio", cx2 - 36, cy2 + 28, 7), ("BV", cx2 - 5, cy2 - 3, 7)],
        }
        c.setFillColor(PLUM)
        for lbl, lx2, ly2, fs in labels[i]:
            c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", fs)
            c.drawString(lx2, ly2, lbl)

        # Points
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
        for j, pt in enumerate(points):
            c.drawString(bx + 10, by + bh - 180 - j * 26, "▸  " + pt)

        # Arrow between stages
        if i < 2:
            ax = bx + bw + 2
            ay = by + bh // 2
            c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
            c.setLineWidth(2.5)
            c.line(ax, ay, ax + gap - 4, ay)
            c.setFillColor(GOLD)
            c.polygon([ax + gap - 4, ay, ax + gap - 12, ay + 6, ax + gap - 12, ay - 6], fill=1)

    # Legend
    legend_items = [
        (CORAL, "Syncytiotrophoblast"),
        (PEACH, "Cytotrophoblast"),
        (HexColor("#A5D6A7"), "Mesenchyme"),
        (HexColor("#EF5350"), "Blood Vessels"),
    ]
    lx_leg = W - 160
    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(lx_leg - 10, H - 720, 155, 110, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(lx_leg, H - 735, "LEGEND (Cross-Section)")
    for j, (col2, lbl) in enumerate(legend_items):
        c.setFillColor(col2)
        c.circle(lx_leg + 6, H - 750 - j * 18, 5, fill=1, stroke=0)
        c.setFillColor(PLUM)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.drawString(lx_leg + 16, H - 754 - j * 18, lbl)

    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 50, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 65, "Key Concept:")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 51, "Primary → Secondary → Tertiary = Progressive vascularisation of villi")
    c.drawString(42, 37, "Tertiary villi = functional exchange units connecting fetal & maternal circulations")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 5 — Mature Placenta Structure (Layered Diagram)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart5(c):
    header(c, "CHART 5 · Mature Placenta – Structure & Dimensions", TEAL, 5)
    footer(c, "Term placenta (38–40 weeks)")

    # Stats row
    stats = [("Weight", "500 g", MAGENTA), ("Diameter", "15–20 cm", TEAL),
             ("Thickness", "2.5–3 cm", ORANGE), ("Cotyledons", "15–30", NAVY)]
    sw = (W - 40) / 4
    for i, (lbl, val, col) in enumerate(stats):
        sx = 20 + i * sw
        sy = H - 200
        rounded_rect(c, sx + 4, sy, sw - 8, 80, 6, col)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
        c.drawCentredString(sx + sw/2, sy + 60, lbl)
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 16)
        c.drawCentredString(sx + sw/2, sy + 30, val)

    # Fetal→Maternal layers
    layer_data = [
        ("AMNIOTIC EPITHELIUM",        "Inner-most layer • Lines amniotic cavity • Single columnar cells",                 HexColor("#B3E5FC"), PLUM),
        ("CHORIONIC PLATE (Fetal)",    "Connective tissue • Umbilical vessels branch here • Covered by amnion",            HexColor("#81D4FA"), PLUM),
        ("INTERVILLOUS SPACE (IVS)",   "Maternal blood (150 mL) bathes villi • Site of gas/nutrient/waste exchange",       CORAL,              WHITE),
        ("CYTOTROPHOBLAST SHELL",      "Anchoring villi merge here • Separates IVS from decidua",                          PEACH,              PLUM),
        ("DECIDUA BASALIS (Maternal)", "Septa divide placenta into 15–30 cotyledons • Nitabuch fibrinoid layer at base",   MAGENTA,            WHITE),
        ("MYOMETRIUM",                 "Uterine muscle • Invaded in accreta spectrum disorders",                            HexColor("#CE93D8"), PLUM),
    ]

    total_h = 340
    lh_each = total_h / len(layer_data)
    base_y = 100
    lx2, lw2 = 20, W - 40

    # Fetal / Maternal label bar
    c.setFillColor(TEAL)
    c.rect(0, base_y + total_h * 0.5, 14, total_h * 0.5, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(MAGENTA)
    c.rect(0, base_y, 14, total_h * 0.5, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(WHITE)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 7)
    c.saveState()
    c.translate(7, base_y + total_h * 0.75)
    c.rotate(90)
    c.drawCentredString(0, 0, "FETAL")
    c.restoreState()
    c.saveState()
    c.translate(7, base_y + total_h * 0.25)
    c.rotate(90)
    c.drawCentredString(0, 0, "MATERNAL")
    c.restoreState()

    for i, (name, desc, bg, fg) in enumerate(layer_data):
        ly2 = base_y + total_h - (i + 1) * lh_each
        c.setFillColor(bg)
        c.rect(lx2 + 14, ly2, lw2 - 14, lh_each - 2, fill=1, stroke=0)
        c.setFillColor(fg)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
        c.drawString(lx2 + 20, ly2 + lh_each - 18, name)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.drawString(lx2 + 20, ly2 + lh_each - 32, desc)
        # separator line
        c.setStrokeColor(WHITE)
        c.setLineWidth(1)
        c.line(lx2 + 14, ly2 + lh_each - 2, lx2 + lw2, ly2 + lh_each - 2)


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 6 — Placental Circulation (Dual-column Flow)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart6(c):
    header(c, "CHART 6 · Placental Circulation", HexColor("#B71C1C"), 6)
    footer(c, "Uteroplacental & Fetoplacental")

    # Two columns
    for side, col_bg, title, items, sx in [
        ("FETAL", NAVY, "FETAL CIRCULATION",
         [("Umbilical Arteries ×2",    "Deoxygenated blood fetus → placenta\nFrom internal iliac arteries"),
          ("Chorionic Plate Arteries", "Branch into stem villous arteries\nTree-like distribution"),
          ("Capillary Network",        "In terminal villi\nGas / nutrient exchange zone"),
          ("Umbilical Vein ×1",        "Oxygenated blood → fetus\nVia ductus venosus → IVC")],
         20),
        ("MATERNAL", HexColor("#880E4F"), "MATERNAL CIRCULATION",
         [("Spiral Arteries",          "Remodelled by EVT\nLow-resistance, high-volume flow"),
          ("Intervillous Space",       "~150 mL maternal blood\nExchanges O₂, CO₂, glucose, waste"),
          ("Uterine Venous Sinuses",   "Drain deoxygenated blood from IVS\nBack to uterine veins"),
          ("Nitabuch Layer",           "Fibrinoid zone at decidua junction\nPrevents excessive invasion")],
         W//2 + 10),
    ]:
        cw = W//2 - 30
        # Header
        rounded_rect(c, sx, H - 180, cw, 44, 6, col_bg)
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 13)
        c.drawCentredString(sx + cw/2, H - 152, title)

        for j, (item_title, item_desc) in enumerate(items):
            iy = H - 300 - j * 118
            rounded_rect(c, sx, iy, cw, 108, 6, col_bg)
            badge(c, sx + 6, iy + 80, 20, 20, str(j+1), GOLD, PLUM, 9, True)
            c.setFillColor(GOLD)
            c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
            c.drawString(sx + 32, iy + 88, item_title)
            c.setFillColor(WHITE)
            c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
            for k, line in enumerate(item_desc.split("\n")):
                c.drawString(sx + 14, iy + 68 - k * 15, line)

    # Exchange zone in centre bottom
    ex = W//2 - 50
    ey = H - 730
    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.circle(W//2, ey + 36, 46, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
    c.drawCentredString(W//2, ey + 48, "IVS")
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawCentredString(W//2, ey + 35, "EXCHANGE")
    c.drawCentredString(W//2, ey + 22, "ZONE")

    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 50, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 65, "Type: Haemochorial placenta")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 51, "Maternal blood is in DIRECT contact with trophoblast (no capillary wall between them)")
    c.drawString(42, 37, "Counter-current flow in IVS maximises exchange efficiency")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 7 — Functions of Placenta (Hexagonal Grid)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart7(c):
    header(c, "CHART 7 · Functions of Placenta", TEAL, 7)
    footer(c, "6 major functional categories")

    funcs = [
        ("RESPIRATORY",    MAGENTA, ["O₂: maternal→fetal (diffusion)", "CO₂: fetal→maternal (diffusion)",
                                      "Bohr effect facilitates O₂ transfer", "HbF > HbA O₂ affinity"]),
        ("NUTRITIVE",      TEAL,    ["Glucose: GLUT1/3 (facilitated diff.)", "Amino acids: active transport",
                                      "Fatty acids: diffusion", "Fe, Ca²⁺: active transport"]),
        ("EXCRETORY",      ORANGE,  ["CO₂ → maternal blood", "Urea, uric acid → maternal",
                                      "Bilirubin cleared via IVS", "Water by osmosis"]),
        ("IMMUNOLOGICAL",  NAVY,    ["IgG actively transported (FcRn)", "Passive immunity to fetus",
                                      "NK cell tolerance at decidua", "Barrier to most pathogens"]),
        ("ENDOCRINE",      PURPLE,  ["hCG: maintains corpus luteum", "Progesterone: maintains pregnancy",
                                      "Oestrogen: uterine growth", "hPL: diabetogenic + fetal nutrition"]),
        ("BARRIER",        HexColor("#BF360C"), ["4 layers early → 2 at term", "Crosses: drugs, alcohol, viruses",
                                                  "Blocks: bacteria, most pathogens", "Type: Haemochorial"]),
    ]

    bw2, bh2 = 170, 165
    gx2, gy2 = 10, 10
    cols2 = 3
    start_x2 = (W - cols2 * bw2 - (cols2-1) * gx2) / 2
    start_y2 = H - 730

    for i, (title, col, pts) in enumerate(funcs):
        col_i = i % cols2
        row_i = i // cols2
        bx2 = start_x2 + col_i * (bw2 + gx2)
        by2 = start_y2 + (1 - row_i) * (bh2 + gy2)

        rounded_rect(c, bx2, by2, bw2, bh2, 10, col, WHITE, 1)

        # Title band
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
        c.drawCentredString(bx2 + bw2/2, by2 + bh2 - 22, title)

        # Divider
        c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
        c.setLineWidth(1)
        c.line(bx2 + 10, by2 + bh2 - 30, bx2 + bw2 - 10, by2 + bh2 - 30)

        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
        for j, pt in enumerate(pts):
            c.drawString(bx2 + 10, by2 + bh2 - 52 - j * 26, "• " + pt)

    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(30, 28, W - 60, 38, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 52, "Mnemonic:")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 9)
    c.drawString(42, 38, "R-N-E-I-E-B = Respiratory, Nutritive, Excretory, Immunological, Endocrine, Barrier")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 8 — Placental Barrier: Early vs Term (Comparison Chart)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart8(c):
    header(c, "CHART 8 · Placental Barrier – Early vs Term", MAGENTA, 8)
    footer(c, "Haemochorial placenta — layer changes with gestation")

    phases = [
        ("EARLY PREGNANCY", "4 Layers", NAVY,
         [("1. Syncytiotrophoblast",      CORAL,              "Outer; no cell boundaries; secretory"),
          ("2. Cytotrophoblast (Langhans)","#81D4FA",         "Mononuclear; mitotically active"),
          ("3. Villous Stroma/Mesenchyme", "#A5D6A7",          "Connective tissue core of villi"),
          ("4. Fetal Capillary Endothelium","#FFCDD2",         "Inner wall of fetal vessels")],
         "Thicker barrier  |  Less permeable  |  Lower exchange rate",
         False),
        ("TERM PREGNANCY",  "2 Layers", MAGENTA,
         [("1. Syncytiotrophoblast (persists)", CORAL,          "Thins significantly; ↑ surface area"),
          ("(Cytotrophoblast disappears)",       "#E0E0E0",      "Absent by term — thinner barrier"),
          ("(Stroma greatly reduced)",           "#E0E0E0",      "Vasculosyncytial membranes form"),
          ("2. Fetal Capillary Endothelium",     "#FFCDD2",      "Directly adjacent to syncytiotrophoblast")],
         "Thinner barrier  |  ↑ Exchange efficiency  |  ~3.5 µm thickness",
         True),
    ]

    for pi, (phase_name, sublabel, hdr_col, llayers, note, is_term) in enumerate(phases):
        px2 = 25 + pi * (W//2 + 5)
        pw2 = W//2 - 35

        # Phase header
        rounded_rect(c, px2, H - 195, pw2, 52, 6, hdr_col)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 13)
        c.drawCentredString(px2 + pw2/2, H - 162, phase_name)
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
        c.drawCentredString(px2 + pw2/2, H - 178, sublabel)

        # Layers stack
        ly_start = H - 210
        lh3 = 100
        for j, (lname, lbg_hex, ldesc) in enumerate(llayers):
            lbg = HexColor(lbg_hex) if lbg_hex.startswith("#") else HexColor(lbg_hex)
            ly3 = ly_start - j * (lh3 + 6)
            c.setFillColor(lbg)
            c.roundRect(px2, ly3 - lh3, pw2, lh3, 5, fill=1, stroke=0)
            # Strikethrough for absent layers
            if is_term and j in [1, 2]:
                c.setFillColor(HexColor("#BDBDBD"))
                c.setFont("Helvetica-Oblique", 8)
                c.drawString(px2 + 8, ly3 - lh3 + 60, lname)
                c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
                c.drawString(px2 + 8, ly3 - lh3 + 44, ldesc)
                c.setStrokeColor(HexColor("#757575"))
                c.setLineWidth(1.5)
                c.line(px2 + 4, ly3 - lh3 + 52, px2 + pw2 - 4, ly3 - lh3 + 52)
            else:
                c.setFillColor(PLUM if lbg_hex in ["#FFCDD2", "#A5D6A7", "#81D4FA", "#E0E0E0"] else WHITE)
                c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
                c.drawString(px2 + 8, ly3 - lh3 + 70, lname)
                c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
                c.drawString(px2 + 8, ly3 - lh3 + 54, ldesc)

        # Note badge
        rounded_rect(c, px2, H - 670, pw2, 36, 4, hdr_col)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.drawCentredString(px2 + pw2/2, H - 647, note)

    # Bottom comparison table
    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(20, 28, W - 40, 110, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    headers_t = ["Property", "Early Pregnancy", "Term Pregnancy"]
    rows_t = [
        ["No. of layers", "4", "2"],
        ["Barrier thickness", "~25 µm", "~3.5 µm"],
        ["Cytotrophoblast", "Present (Langhans)", "Absent"],
        ["Exchange rate", "Lower", "Much higher"],
    ]
    col_widths = [160, 170, 170]
    tx, ty = 30, 125
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    offset = 0
    for i, h2 in enumerate(headers_t):
        c.drawString(tx + offset + 4, ty, h2)
        offset += col_widths[i]
    c.setStrokeColor(PLUM)
    c.line(tx, ty - 4, tx + sum(col_widths), ty - 4)
    for ri, row in enumerate(rows_t):
        ry = ty - 18 - ri * 16
        if ri % 2 == 0:
            c.setFillColor(HexColor("#EDE7F6"))
            c.rect(tx, ry - 4, sum(col_widths), 14, fill=1, stroke=0)
        c.setFillColor(DARK)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        offset = 0
        for ci, cell in enumerate(row):
            fn = "Helvetica-Bold" if ci == 0 else "Helvetica"
            c.setFont(fn, 8)
            c.drawString(tx + offset + 4, ry, cell)
            offset += col_widths[ci]


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 9 — Clinical Significance (6-Box Grid)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart9(c):
    header(c, "CHART 9 · Clinical Significance of Placenta", PURPLE, 9)
    footer(c, "6 major clinical conditions")

    conditions = [
        ("PLACENTA PRAEVIA", MAGENTA,
         "Placenta over/near internal os",
         ["Painless APH (antepartum bleed)", "Type I–IV (marginal→complete)",
          "Diagnosed by USG", "LSCS if type III/IV"]),
        ("PLACENTAL ABRUPTION", HexColor("#B71C1C"),
         "Premature separation of normally sited placenta",
         ["Painful (revealed/concealed bleed)", "Couvelaire uterus (severe)",
          "DIC risk", "Emergency LSCS"]),
        ("ACCRETA SPECTRUM", ORANGE,
         "Abnormal trophoblast invasion of myometrium",
         ["Accreta: adheres (no invasion)", "Increta: myometrium invasion",
          "Percreta: through serosa/bladder", "Major PPH cause"]),
        ("PRE-ECLAMPSIA", TEAL,
         "Failure of spiral artery remodelling → ischaemia",
         ["Shallow EVT invasion (1st trim.)", "↑ sFlt-1, ↓ PlGF",
          "HTN + Proteinuria after 20 wks", "Systemic endothelial dysfunction"]),
        ("PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY / IUGR", NAVY,
         "Impaired uteroplacental flow → growth restriction",
         ["Doppler: absent/reversed EDF", "Brain-sparing effect",
          "Asymmetric IUGR", "Risk: stillbirth, neurodevelopment"]),
        ("MOLAR PREGNANCY (GTD)", PURPLE,
         "Abnormal trophoblast proliferation",
         ["Complete mole: 46XX, no fetal parts", "Partial mole: triploid",
          "↑↑ hCG levels", "Risk: choriocarcinoma"]),
    ]

    bw3, bh3 = 175, 190
    gx3, gy3 = 8, 8
    cols3 = 3
    total_w = cols3 * bw3 + (cols3-1) * gx3
    sx3 = (W - total_w) / 2
    sy3_start = H - 730

    for i, (cond, col, defn, feats) in enumerate(conditions):
        ci = i % cols3
        ri = i // cols3
        bx3 = sx3 + ci * (bw3 + gx3)
        by3 = sy3_start + (1 - ri) * (bh3 + gy3)

        rounded_rect(c, bx3, by3, bw3, bh3, 8, col, WHITE, 1)

        # Condition title
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
        # Wrap long titles
        title_words = cond.split()
        title_line = ""
        title_lines = []
        for w in title_words:
            test = (title_line + " " + w).strip()
            if c.stringWidth(test, "Helvetica-Bold", 9) < bw3 - 14:
                title_line = test
            else:
                title_lines.append(title_line)
                title_line = w
        title_lines.append(title_line)
        for tli, tl in enumerate(title_lines):
            c.drawString(bx3 + 8, by3 + bh3 - 18 - tli * 12, tl)

        top_offset = len(title_lines) * 12

        # Definition
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Oblique", 8)
        defn_y = by3 + bh3 - 22 - top_offset
        for dw_i, dw_chunk in enumerate(defn.split("→")):
            c.drawString(bx3 + 8, defn_y - dw_i * 10, dw_chunk.strip() + (" →" if dw_i < len(defn.split("→"))-1 else ""))

        # Divider
        c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
        c.setLineWidth(0.8)
        divider_y = by3 + bh3 - 44 - top_offset
        c.line(bx3 + 8, divider_y, bx3 + bw3 - 8, divider_y)

        # Features
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        for j, feat in enumerate(feats):
            c.drawString(bx3 + 8, divider_y - 16 - j * 24, "▸ " + feat)

    # Bottom key
    c.setFillColor(LGRAY)
    c.roundRect(20, 28, W - 40, 38, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    c.drawString(30, 53, "Key:")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
    c.drawString(30, 39, "APH = Antepartum Haemorrhage | DIC = Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation | PPH = Postpartum Haemorrhage | EVT = Extravillous Trophoblast | EDF = End Diastolic Flow")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# CHART 10 — Master Summary (All-in-One Reference)
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
def chart10(c):
    header(c, "CHART 10 · Master Summary – Placenta Formation", PLUM, 10)
    footer(c, "Quick reference — all topics")

    summary_blocks = [
        ("IMPLANTATION", TEAL,
         ["Day 0: Fertilisation | Day 1–3: Cleavage/Morula",
          "Day 4: Blastocyst | Day 5–6: Hatching",
          "Day 6–7: Apposition | Day 8–10: Interstitial implantation",
          "Site: Posterior upper uterine body"]),
        ("TROPHOBLAST", MAGENTA,
         ["Cytotrophoblast (Langhans) → inner, mitotic, stem cells",
          "Syncytiotrophoblast → outer, invasive, secretes hCG/Prog",
          "EVT → remodels spiral arteries (low resistance)",
          "Villous T. → forms placental barrier"]),
        ("DECIDUA", ORANGE,
         ["Basalis: deep to embryo, maternal placenta",
          "Capsularis: covers embryo, disappears 20 wks",
          "Parietalis: lines rest of cavity",
          "Progesterone-driven; failure → miscarriage"]),
        ("VILLI", NAVY,
         ["Primary (Wk 2): Cyto + Syncytio, avascular",
          "Secondary (Wk 3): + Mesenchymal core",
          "Tertiary (Wk 3–4): + Blood vessels, functional",
          "Terminal villi = site of gas/nutrient exchange"]),
        ("MATURE PLACENTA", PURPLE,
         ["Weight: 500g | Diameter: 15–20 cm | Thickness: 2.5–3 cm",
          "15–30 cotyledons | IVS: 150 mL maternal blood",
          "Type: Haemochorial (maternal blood ↔ trophoblast)",
          "Layers: Amniotic epi, Chorionic plate, IVS, Decidua basalis"]),
        ("CIRCULATION", HexColor("#B71C1C"),
         ["Fetal: Umbilical aa (×2) → capillaries → umbilical v (×1)",
          "Maternal: spiral arteries → IVS → uterine veins",
          "Exchange in IVS (counter-current)",
          "Ductus venosus: umbilical v → IVC (bypass liver)"]),
        ("FUNCTIONS", TEAL,
         ["Respiratory: O₂/CO₂ by diffusion (Bohr effect)",
          "Nutritive: Glucose (GLUT1/3), AA (active), Fatty acids",
          "Endocrine: hCG, Progesterone, Oestrogen, hPL",
          "Immunological: IgG (FcRn), immune tolerance"]),
        ("BARRIER", MAGENTA,
         ["Early: 4 layers (~25 µm) | Term: 2 layers (~3.5 µm)",
          "Crosses: drugs, alcohol, IgG, some viruses",
          "Blocks: bacteria, most pathogens",
          "Vasculosyncytial membranes at term"]),
        ("CLINICAL", ORANGE,
         ["Praevia: over OS, painless bleed | Abruption: painful, DIC",
          "Accreta spectrum: abnormal invasion, PPH",
          "Pre-eclampsia: failed EVT invasion, ↑sFlt-1",
          "IUGR: reversed EDF | GTD: ↑↑hCG, molar"]),
        ("HORMONES", NAVY,
         ["hCG: from syncytiotrophoblast; peaks 10–12 wks",
          "Progesterone: placenta takes over from corpus luteum at 8 wks",
          "Oestrogen (oestriol): requires fetal DHEAS precursor",
          "hPL (human Placental Lactogen): diabetogenic, fetal growth"]),
    ]

    bw4, bh4 = 165, 135
    gx4, gy4 = 6, 6
    cols4 = 3
    total_w4 = cols4 * bw4 + (cols4-1) * gx4
    sx4 = (W - total_w4) / 2
    sy4_start = H - 730

    for i, (blk_title, col, pts) in enumerate(summary_blocks):
        ci = i % cols4
        ri = i // cols4
        bx4 = sx4 + ci * (bw4 + gx4)
        # 4 rows max; rows 0,1,2,3 from top
        by4 = sy4_start + (3 - ri) * (bh4 + gy4)

        rounded_rect(c, bx4, by4, bw4, bh4, 6, col, WHITE, 1)

        # Title
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
        c.drawString(bx4 + 8, by4 + bh4 - 18, blk_title)

        # Divider
        c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
        c.setLineWidth(0.8)
        c.line(bx4 + 6, by4 + bh4 - 24, bx4 + bw4 - 6, by4 + bh4 - 24)

        c.setFillColor(WHITE)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 7.5)
        for j, pt in enumerate(pts):
            c.drawString(bx4 + 6, by4 + bh4 - 38 - j * 22, "• " + pt)

    c.setFillColor(GOLD)
    c.roundRect(20, 28, W - 40, 38, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    c.setFillColor(PLUM)
    c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
    c.drawCentredString(W/2, 52, "PLACENTA FORMATION — Complete Reference Chart")
    c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
    c.drawCentredString(W/2, 38, "Embryology | Obstetrics | Gynaecology")


# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# MAIN — Build all 10 charts
# ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
out = "/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Placenta_Charts.pdf"
c = canvas.Canvas(out, pagesize=A4)

for fn in [chart1, chart2, chart3, chart4, chart5,
           chart6, chart7, chart8, chart9, chart10]:
    fn(c)
    c.showPage()

c.save()
print("✅ Done:", out)

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && python3 charts.py 2>&1

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && python3 -c " from reportlab.pdfgen im…

grep -n "c.polygon" /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py'

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py'

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py'

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py'

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && python3 charts.py 2>&1

~/placenta-ppt/charts.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/charts.py'

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && python3 charts.py 2>&1

ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/Placenta_Charts.pdf

which pdftoppm && pdftoppm --version 2>&1 | head -3

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/jpg && pdftoppm -jpeg -r 150 /home…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt && zip -j Placenta_Charts_JPG.zip jpg/ch…

cp /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/jpg/chart-*.jpg /tmp/ && cd /tmp && zip …

cd /tmp && zip -u Placenta_Charts_JPG.zip chart-10.jpg && cp /tmp/Placenta_Chart…

ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/ && echo "---" && ls -lh /home/dayto…

python3 -c " import base64, os jpg_dir = '/home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/j…

A colourful educational chart titled "CHART 1 · Implantation Timeline (Day 0 → Day 10)" with a teal header bar and gold accent. Shows 6 colour-coded boxes in a 3x2 grid with arrows between them: Box 1 (magenta) = Day 0 Fertilisation - Sperm + Ovum → Zygote in fallopian ampulla; Box 2 (teal) = Day 1-3 Cleavage - 2→4→8→16 cell Morula; Box 3 (navy) = Day 4 Blastocyst - Fluid fills blastocoele; Box 4 (orange) = Day 5-6 Hatching - Zona pellucida dissolves; Box 5 (purple) = Day 6-7 Apposition - Blastocyst adheres to uterine wall; Box 6 (dark red) = Day 8-10 Implantation - Trophoblast invades decidua. Gold arrows connecting boxes. Dark plum footer with note: Normal implantation site = Posterior upper uterine body.

A colourful educational diagram titled "CHART 2 · Trophoblast Differentiation" with magenta header. Central gold oval labelled TROPHOBLAST (Day 6). Left branch (teal box) = CYTOTROPHOBLAST (Langhans Layer): inner mononuclear layer, mitotically active, fuses to form syncytium, present until 20 wks. Right branch (magenta box) = SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST: outer multinucleated layer, no cell boundaries, invades decidua, erodes spiral arteries, secretes hCG and progesterone. Bottom left navy box = EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST EVT: interstitial EVT invades decidua, endovascular EVT remodels spiral arteries, low-resistance circulation. Bottom right orange box = VILLOUS TROPHOBLAST: covers villi, forms haemochorial placental barrier. Lines connecting all boxes. Dark background, white text.

A colourful educational chart titled "CHART 3 · Decidua Formation" with orange header. Left side shows a uterine wall cross-section with 4 stacked coloured layers: magenta layer = DECIDUA BASALIS (deep to embryo, forms maternal part of placenta), teal layer = DECIDUA CAPSULARIS (covers embryo, disappears by 20 weeks), navy layer = DECIDUA PARIETALIS (lines rest of cavity), brown layer = MYOMETRIUM. Gold oval at bottom labelled EMBRYO. Right side has 4 info boxes: magenta = Decidual Reaction (stromal cells enlarge, rich in glycogen), teal = Spiral Artery Remodelling (EVT replaces vessel wall, high to low resistance), navy = Immune Tolerance (NK cells, Tregs protect fetus), orange = Clinical Significance (failure leads to miscarriage, accreta spectrum). White text on coloured boxes.

A colourful educational chart titled "CHART 4 · Chorionic Villi Development" with navy header. Three tall vertical cards side by side with gold arrows between them. Card 1 (magenta) = PRIMARY VILLI Week 2: shows circular cross-section with 2 rings (coral outer syncytiotrophoblast, peach inner cytotrophoblast), text: solid trophoblast projections, no blood vessels yet, 2 layers only. Card 2 (teal) = SECONDARY VILLI Week 3: 3-ring cross section with green mesenchymal core added, text: 3 layers present, still avascular. Card 3 (orange) = TERTIARY VILLI Week 3-4: cross section shows blood vessel (red circle) in centre, text: fetal blood vessels form, villi become vascular, functional placenta. Legend box shows colour-coded layers. White text, dark background.

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/placenta-ppt/slides && cp /home/daytona/workspa…

A presentation title slide with deep dark purple background. Large bold white text "PLACENTA" at top, then large gold text "FORMATION" below it. Subtitle in light teal: "Development • Structure • Function • Clinical Significance". Bottom left small text: "Embryology | Obstetrics". Top right has overlapping coral and magenta decorative circles. Magenta banner at top, teal banner at bottom. Left side has a thin vertical gold accent line.

A presentation slide titled "OVERVIEW" with magenta header band on deep purple background. Shows 8 colour-coded numbered boxes in a 2x4 grid: Box 01 magenta = Implantation, Days 6-10 post-fertilisation; Box 02 teal = Trophoblast Invasion, Cytotrophoblast and Syncytiotrophoblast; Box 03 dark purple = Decidua Formation, Maternal endometrial changes; Box 04 coral = Chorionic Villi, Primary Secondary Tertiary villi; Box 05 teal = Placental Circulation, Uteroplacental and Fetoplacental; Box 06 magenta = Mature Placenta, Structure zones membrane; Box 07 dark = Functions, Respiratory Nutritive Endocrine; Box 08 coral = Clinical Significance, Placenta praevia abruption preeclampsia. Each box has a white circular number badge. White text on coloured boxes.

A presentation slide titled "1. IMPLANTATION" with teal header on warm light background. Shows 6 colour-coded timeline boxes in a 3x2 grid with gold arrows between them: Box 1 teal = Day 0 Fertilisation - Sperm plus Ovum to Zygote in ampulla of fallopian tube; Box 2 teal = Day 1-3 Cleavage - Mitotic divisions to 2,4,8,16 cell morula; Box 3 navy = Day 4 Morula to Blastocyst - Fluid accumulates blastocoele; Box 4 orange = Day 5-6 Hatching - Zona pellucida dissolves blastocyst freed; Box 5 dark orange = Day 6-7 Apposition - Blastocyst orients to endometrium; Box 6 dark red = Day 8-10 Implantation - Trophoblast invades decidua complete. Gold arrows between boxes. Bottom note box: Normal implantation site posterior wall upper uterine body. White text.

A presentation slide titled "2. TROPHOBLAST DIFFERENTIATION" with magenta header on deep purple background. Central gold oval shape says TROPHOBLAST Day 6. Left teal box = CYTOTROPHOBLAST Langhans Layer with bullet points: inner mononuclear layer, mitotically active cells, fuses to form syncytium, present until 20 wks, regenerates syncytiotrophoblast. Right coral-magenta box = SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST with points: outer multinucleated layer, no cell boundaries, invades decidua directly, erodes spiral arteries, secretes hCG progesterone. Bottom left dark navy box = EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST EVT: interstitial EVT invades decidua and myometrium, endovascular EVT remodels spiral arteries, low resistance high flow circulation. Bottom right dark red-purple box = VILLOUS TROPHOBLAST: covers chorionic villi surface, haemochorial placental barrier. Lines connecting boxes. White and gold text.