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For my mbbs 1st year professinal exams
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I now have all the data I need from Gray's Anatomy for Students. Let me compile the complete table from all the retrieved information. I have everything for all 12 muscles.
Here is the complete muscle table filled in from Gray's Anatomy for Students (the standard MBBS reference):
Muscle Table - Origin, Insertion, Nerve Supply & Action
| # | Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Nerve Supply | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Biceps Brachii | Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head: apex of coracoid process | Radial tuberosity (also bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of forearm) | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6) | Powerful flexor of forearm at elbow; most powerful supinator of forearm (when elbow flexed); accessory flexor of arm at glenohumeral joint |
| 2 | Coracobrachialis | Apex of coracoid process | Linear roughening on midshaft of humerus (medial side) | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7) | Flexion and adduction of arm at glenohumeral joint |
| 3 | Deltoid | Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | Deltoid tuberosity of humerus | Axillary nerve (C5, C6) | Abduction of arm (middle fibers); flexion and medial rotation (anterior fibers); extension and lateral rotation (posterior fibers) |
| 4 | Supinator | Superficial layer: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and anular ligaments; Deep layer: supinator crest of ulna | Lateral surface of radius (superior to the anterior oblique line) | Posterior interosseous nerve (deep branch of radial nerve) (C6, C7) | Supination of forearm |
| 5 | Pronator Teres | Humeral head: medial epicondyle (common flexor origin); Ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna | Middle of lateral surface of radius (at its most convex point) | Median nerve (C6, C7) | Pronation of forearm; weak flexion of elbow |
| 6 | Brachioradialis | Proximal part of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent intermuscular septum | Lateral surface of distal end of radius | Radial nerve (C5, C6) - before division into superficial and deep branches | Accessory flexor of elbow when forearm is mid-prone |
| 7 | Triceps Brachii | Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Medial head: posterior surface of humerus (below radial groove); Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus (above radial groove) | Olecranon of ulna | Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8) | Extension of forearm at elbow joint; long head also extends and adducts arm at shoulder joint |
| 8 | Gluteus Maximus | Fascia covering gluteus medius, external surface of ilium (behind posterior gluteal line), dorsal surface of lower sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament | Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata and gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur | Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) | Powerful extension of flexed femur at hip joint; lateral stabilizer of hip and knee; lateral rotation and abduction of thigh |
| 9 | Sartorius | Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) | Medial surface of tibia just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity (pes anserinus) | Femoral nerve (L2, L3) | Flexes thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint; assists lateral rotation and abduction of thigh (tailor's position) |
| 10 | Tensor Fasciae Latae (TFL) | Lateral aspect of crest of ilium between anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and tubercle of the crest | Iliotibial tract (IT band) of fascia lata | Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | Flexion, abduction and medial rotation of thigh; tenses the iliotibial tract |
| 11 | Adductor Longus | External surface of body of pubis (triangular depression inferior to pubic crest and lateral to pubic symphysis) | Linea aspera on middle 1/3 of shaft of femur | Obturator nerve - anterior division (L2, L3, L4) | Adduction and medial rotation of thigh at hip joint |
| 12 | Popliteus | Lateral femoral condyle (via tendon that passes inside the knee joint capsule) | Posterior surface of proximal tibia (above soleal line) | Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1) | Unlocks the knee (laterally rotates femur on fixed tibia to initiate flexion); stabilizes knee by resisting lateral rotation of tibia on femur |
Quick Memory Tricks for Exams
- Biceps nerve = C5, C6 - "hug yourself" root values (flex = pull toward you)
- Triceps nerve = Radial (C7) - C7 reflex = triceps jerk
- Musculocutaneous (C5-C7) = innervates all 3 anterior arm muscles (coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis)
- Brachioradialis = "the deceiver" - looks like a flexor, lives with extensors, supplied by radial nerve
- Sartorius = longest muscle in body; crosses both hip and knee; "tailor's muscle" (ASIS to pes anserinus)
- Popliteus = "key" to unlock the knee - unlocks full extension before flexion can begin
- TFL and gluteus maximus both insert into iliotibial tract
(Source: Gray's Anatomy for Students)
Can you give this a little simplified coz this looks very high fundu i just want it for my 1st year mbbs professional examms under knruhs
Here you go - clean and simple, exactly what you need to write in your practical record/exam:
Muscle Table - KNRUHS 1st Year MBBS
| # | Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Nerve Supply | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Biceps Brachii | Short head: Coracoid process; Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle | Radial tuberosity | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6) | Flexion of forearm; Supination of forearm |
| 2 | Coracobrachialis | Coracoid process | Medial surface of shaft of humerus | Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7) | Flexion and adduction of arm |
| 3 | Deltoid | Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula | Deltoid tuberosity of humerus | Axillary nerve (C5, C6) | Abduction of arm (main action) |
| 4 | Supinator | Lateral epicondyle of humerus; Supinator crest of ulna | Lateral surface of upper radius | Posterior interosseous nerve (C6, C7) | Supination of forearm |
| 5 | Pronator Teres | Medial epicondyle of humerus; Coronoid process of ulna | Lateral surface of radius (middle) | Median nerve (C6, C7) | Pronation of forearm |
| 6 | Brachioradialis | Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus | Distal end of radius (lateral surface) | Radial nerve (C5, C6) | Flexion of forearm |
| 7 | Triceps Brachii | Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle; Medial & Lateral heads: Posterior surface of humerus | Olecranon of ulna | Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8) | Extension of forearm |
| 8 | Gluteus Maximus | Ilium (behind posterior gluteal line), Sacrum, Coccyx, Sacrotuberous ligament | Gluteal tuberosity of femur; Iliotibial tract | Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) | Extension and lateral rotation of thigh |
| 9 | Sartorius | Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) | Upper medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus) | Femoral nerve (L2, L3) | Flexion of thigh and leg; Lateral rotation of thigh |
| 10 | Tensor Fascia Lata | Anterior iliac crest (between ASIS and tubercle) | Iliotibial tract | Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | Abduction and medial rotation of thigh; Tenses IT tract |
| 11 | Adductor Longus | Body of pubis (below pubic crest) | Linea aspera (middle 1/3 of femur) | Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4) | Adduction of thigh |
| 12 | Popliteus | Lateral condyle of femur | Posterior surface of tibia (above soleal line) | Tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1) | Unlocks the knee; Medial rotation of tibia |
Things to remember for viva
- Musculocutaneous nerve supplies the 3 anterior arm muscles - coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis
- Radial nerve supplies triceps + brachioradialis (C7 = triceps reflex)
- Axillary nerve supplies deltoid (C5, C6 = deltoid reflex)
- Obturator nerve supplies adductors
- Femoral nerve supplies sartorius and quadriceps
- Popliteus is important - it "unlocks" the knee from full extension before you can bend it
- Sartorius = longest muscle in the body; helps you sit cross-legged (tailor's muscle)
- Pes anserinus = where sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus all insert together on tibia (shaped like goose foot)
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