what are protein pump inhibitors
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proton pump inhibitors NHS overview how they work uses side effects
You likely mean proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), not “protein pump inhibitors.”
PPIs are medicines that strongly reduce stomach acid production. They block the acid-producing proton pump, called H+/K+ ATPase, in stomach parietal cells.
Common PPIs
- Omeprazole
- Esomeprazole
- Pantoprazole
- Lansoprazole
- Rabeprazole
What they treat
- Acid reflux / GERD and heartburn
- Stomach and duodenal ulcers
- Inflammation or damage of the esophagus from acid
- Ulcer prevention in people taking anti-inflammatory pain medicines such as ibuprofen or naproxen
- Part of treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection, combined with antibiotics
Common side effects
- Headache
- Nausea, abdominal discomfort, gas
- Diarrhea or constipation
They are generally well tolerated. With prolonged or unnecessary use, a clinician may review the need for treatment because acid suppression can contribute to issues such as low magnesium or vitamin B12 in some people, and certain infections. Do not stop a long-term PPI abruptly without advice, since rebound acid symptoms can occur.
The medical textbook describes PPIs as irreversibly blocking the gastric parietal-cell proton pump and thereby preventing hydrogen-ion secretion. Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, section “Proton Pump Inhibitors,” lines 3552-3553.
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