Give me iv antibiotics name and dose of vial
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IV antibiotics name dose vial strength common list clinical
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Here is a comprehensive reference table of commonly used IV antibiotics with their vial strengths and standard adult doses, compiled from Rosen's Emergency Medicine, Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (2025), and the Harriet Lane Handbook.
IV Antibiotics - Name, Vial Strength & Standard Dose
Beta-Lactams - Penicillins
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ampicillin | 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 1-2 g | q4-6h |
| Ampicillin-Sulbactam (Unasyn) | 1.5 g, 3 g | 3 g | q6h |
| Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Tazocin) | 2.25 g, 3.375 g, 4.5 g | 3.375-4.5 g | q6h |
| Oxacillin | 1 g, 2 g | 1-2 g | q4-6h |
Beta-Lactams - Cephalosporins
| Drug | Generation | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cefazolin | 1st | 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 1-2 g | q8h |
| Cefuroxime | 2nd | 750 mg, 1.5 g | 750 mg-1.5 g | q8h |
| Ceftriaxone | 3rd | 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 1-2 g | q12-24h |
| Cefotaxime | 3rd | 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 2 g | q4-6h |
| Ceftazidime | 3rd | 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 2 g | q8h |
| Cefepime | 4th | 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g | 2 g | q8-12h |
| Ceftaroline | 5th (MRSA) | 400 mg, 600 mg | 600 mg | q12h |
Beta-Lactams - Carbapenems
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meropenem | 500 mg, 1 g | 1-2 g | q8h |
| Imipenem-Cilastatin | 250 mg, 500 mg | 500 mg-1 g | q6-8h |
| Ertapenem | 1 g | 1 g | q24h |
| Doripenem | 250 mg, 500 mg | 500 mg | q8h |
Glycopeptides
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vancomycin | 500 mg, 1 g, 5 g | 15-20 mg/kg (loading: 25-30 mg/kg) | q8-12h |
| Teicoplanin | 200 mg, 400 mg | 400-800 mg (loading) | q12h x3, then q24h |
Aminoglycosides
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gentamicin | 40 mg/mL (2 mL, 20 mL vials) | 5-7 mg/kg (ODD) or 2.5 mg/kg | q24h or q8h |
| Amikacin | 100 mg, 500 mg, 1 g | 15-20 mg/kg (ODD) | q24h |
| Tobramycin | 40 mg/mL vials | 5-7 mg/kg (ODD) | q24h |
ODD = once-daily dosing
Fluoroquinolones
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin | 200 mg, 400 mg | 400 mg | q8-12h |
| Levofloxacin | 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg | 500-750 mg | q24h |
| Moxifloxacin | 400 mg/250 mL | 400 mg | q24h |
Nitroimidazoles
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metronidazole | 500 mg/100 mL, 500 mg vial | 500 mg (or 15 mg/kg load) | q8h |
Macrolides
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azithromycin | 500 mg | 500 mg | q24h |
| Erythromycin | 500 mg, 1 g | 500 mg-1 g | q6h |
Lincosamides
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clindamycin | 150 mg/mL (2 mL, 4 mL, 6 mL vials) | 600-900 mg | q8h |
Oxazolidinones (MRSA)
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linezolid | 200 mg/100 mL, 600 mg/300 mL | 600 mg | q12h |
Tetracyclines
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline | 100 mg | 100 mg | q12h |
| Tigecycline | 50 mg | 100 mg loading, then 50 mg | q12h |
Polymyxins (Last-resort, MDR organisms)
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colistin (Polymyxin E) | 150 mg CBA vial | 2.5-5 mg/kg/day (loading 9 mg/kg) | ÷ q8-12h |
| Polymyxin B | 500,000 units vial | 1.25-2.5 mg/kg/day | ÷ q12h |
Antifungals (IV)
| Drug | Vial Strength | Standard IV Dose (Adult) | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fluconazole | 200 mg/100 mL, 400 mg/200 mL | 400-800 mg (loading 800 mg) | q24h |
| Amphotericin B (lipid) | 50 mg | 3-5 mg/kg | q24h |
Key Clinical Notes
- Renally cleared drugs (aminoglycosides, vancomycin, carbapenems, most cephalosporins) require dose adjustment in renal impairment.
- Vancomycin: Target AUC/MIC 400-600 by current guidelines; TDM (therapeutic drug monitoring) is mandatory.
- Aminoglycosides: Once-daily dosing is preferred for most indications; TDM required.
- Piperacillin-tazobactam: Increasingly used as extended infusion (4.5 g over 4h q8h) for PK/PD optimization.
- Meningitis doses: Often 2x the usual dose (e.g., ceftriaxone 2 g q12h, meropenem 2 g q8h) to achieve CSF penetration.
Sources: Rosen's Emergency Medicine; Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 22E (2025); Harriet Lane Handbook 23rd Ed.
Important: Doses listed are standard adult doses for normal renal function. Always verify doses against local formulary, patient weight, renal function, and institutional guidelines before prescribing.
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