GIT Physiology - Arranged Questions

LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS (LAQ)

1. Pancreatic juice - composition, functions and regulation of secretion ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
2. Gastric juice / Gastric Secretion - composition, functions and phases of gastric secretion ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
3. HCl secretion - mechanism, regulation and phases; add a note on GERD ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
4. Different types of intestinal movements (small and large intestine); mention methods used for study of intestinal motility ⭐⭐⭐
5. Deglutition (Swallowing) - phases ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
6. Liver functions ⭐⭐⭐
7. Bile - composition, functions and regulation ⭐⭐⭐

SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS (SAQ) / SAQ & VSAQ

Secretions & Juices

1. Saliva - composition, functions, regulation and mechanism of secretion ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
2. Intestinal juice (Succus entericus) - composition and functions ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
3. Bile salts - composition and functions
4. Pancreatic juice (SAQ level)

Motility & Movements

1. Gastric motility and its applied aspects (vomiting)
2. Gastric emptying and factors affecting it ⭐⭐⭐
3. Vomiting mechanism ⭐⭐⭐
4. Peristalsis ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
5. Migratory Motor Complex (MMC) / BER & MMC ⭐⭐⭐
6. Movements of small intestine (individual types) ⭐
7. Movements of villi
8. Large intestine motility
9. Defecation reflex ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
10. Law of intestine / Myenteric reflex ⭐⭐⭐
11. Hunger contractions ⭐⭐⭐
12. Hunger and appetite

Hormones

1. GI Hormones (all) ⭐
2. Gastrin - actions and factors affecting secretion ⭐⭐⭐
3. Secretin - actions and factors affecting secretion ⭐⭐⭐
4. Cholecystokinin (CCK) - actions and factors affecting secretion ⭐⭐⭐
5. Hormonal regulation of pancreatic juice secretion ⭐⭐

Liver, Bile & Circulation

1. Functions of liver ⭐⭐⭐
2. Functions of gall bladder ⭐⭐⭐
3. Composition of bile and its functions ⭐⭐⭐
4. Enterohepatic circulation of bile salts ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Nervous System

1. Enteric Nervous system / Nerve supply of GIT ⭐⭐⭐
2. Gut Brain Axis ⭐

Digestion & Absorption

1. Digestion and absorption of each nutrient individually (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins)
2. Digestion and absorption of water, electrolytes, vitamins and minerals
3. Steatorrhoea ⭐⭐⭐
4. Functions of Small intestine (SI) & Large intestine (LI) ⭐⭐⭐
5. Role of dietary fibre ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

Applied Aspects

1. Peptic ulcer - pathophysiology; difference between peptic and duodenal ulcer ⭐
2. Hirschsprung's disease ⭐⭐⭐
3. Adynamic ileus
4. Diarrhoea
5. Constipation
6. Achalasia cardia ⭐
7. Frey's syndrome ⭐
8. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome ⭐⭐⭐
9. Sham feeding ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
10. Pavlov's pouch ⭐

Function Tests

1. Function tests - gastric, pancreatic, liver

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (VSAQ)

1. Deglutition
2. Mastication
3. Gastrin
4. Secretin
5. CCK (Cholecystokinin)
6. Enterokinase
7. Trypsin inhibitor
8. Bile salts
9. Migrating motor complex (MMC)
10. Defecation reflex