Which medicine get vomiting emidatly
Emetics (medicines that cause vomiting) include a few well-known agents used in clinical or emergency settings.
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medicines that induce vomiting immediately emetics pharmacology
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Here is a complete, textbook-sourced answer on medicines that cause vomiting immediately (emetics):
Emetics - Medicines That Induce Vomiting
Emetics are agents used to produce vomiting, mainly in poisoning/toxin ingestion management. They should only be used in a conscious patient lying on their side with the head dependent (to prevent aspiration).
1. Apomorphine (FASTEST - Most Potent)
- Dose: 3-6 mg intramuscularly (IM)
- Onset: Produces copious vomiting within 3-4 minutes - the most immediately acting emetic
- Mechanism: Directly stimulates dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the medulla
- Important warning: Causes severe narcosis - do NOT use in comatose patients. If used, give Naloxone 5-10 mg IM to counteract narcosis
- Status: Now considered largely obsolete in modern practice
2. Syrup of Ipecac (Ipecacuanha) - Most Commonly Used
- Dose: 30 mL for adults; 15 mL for children (1-12 years); 10 mL (9-12 months)
- Onset: Causes vomiting in 90-95% of patients within 20-30 minutes
- Mechanism: Contains emetine and cephaeline - acts by:
- Local activation of peripheral sensory receptors in the GIT
- Stimulation of the vomiting centre in the medulla
- Note: Dose can be repeated once if vomiting does not occur within 30 minutes
- Warning: Can cause lethal cardiomyopathy if misused chronically (e.g., in bulimia)
3. Obsolete / Household Emetics (Now Avoided)
These are no longer recommended due to danger or ineffectiveness:
| Agent | Reason Avoided |
|---|---|
| Copper sulfate | Toxic |
| Zinc sulfate | Toxic |
| Tartar emetic (antimony) | Toxic |
| Salt water (NaCl) | Can cause fatal hypernatremia |
| Mustard powder | Ineffective, causes complications |
When NOT to Use Emetics (Contraindications)
Absolute:
- Pregnancy
- Heart disease
- Comatose or unconscious patient
- Ingestion of strong acids or alkalis (risk of perforation)
- Infants and elderly
Relative:
- Active convulsions
- Ingestion of CNS stimulants (vomiting strain may trigger seizures)
- Kerosene/petroleum products ingestion (aspiration pneumonitis risk)
- Impaired gag reflex
Important Clinical Note
Modern toxicology and emergency medicine have largely moved away from inducing emesis as a routine treatment. Gastric lavage ("stomach pumping") is now preferred in most poisoning scenarios. The RxList emetics overview and current toxicology guidelines reflect this shift.
- P.C. Dikshit Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, p. 11645-11660
- The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 36th Edition, p. 9620-9634
- Parikh's Textbook of Medical Jurisprudence Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, p. 5715-5743
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