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I now have all the content from the poster. Here is a well-structured abstract based on the presentation:
Abstract
Association of Urinary Podocalyxin Levels in Patients of Acute Kidney Injury and its Correlation with Serum Creatinine, eGFR, and Creatinine Clearance
Dr. Anjali Singh, JR3 (MD Biochemistry), Terna Medical College
Background:
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden decline in renal function, manifesting as a rise in serum creatinine and reduced urine output. Early diagnosis is critical to prevent irreversible kidney damage and improve patient outcomes. Conventional biomarkers such as serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) have well-known limitations, as they rise only after significant renal impairment has already occurred. Podocalyxin (PCX), a transmembrane protein expressed on podocytes, is shed into the urine following podocyte injury. Urinary podocalyxin (u-PCX) has therefore emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker for early detection and severity assessment of renal injury.
Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate urinary podocalyxin levels in AKI patients and to correlate u-PCX with serum creatinine, eGFR, and creatinine clearance. Specific objectives included estimation of u-PCX using ELISA, measurement of serum creatinine by Jaffe's method on a Vitros 5600 analyzer, and calculation of eGFR and creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based prospective descriptive study was conducted enrolling 30 clinically diagnosed AKI patients aged 18-65 years, including both genders, with or without dialysis. Patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), congenital renal anomalies, or renal/other malignancies were excluded. Urinary podocalyxin was measured using a sandwich ELISA kit.
Results:
Urinary podocalyxin levels were markedly elevated in AKI patients, with the highest levels observed in patients undergoing dialysis, indicating more severe podocyte injury. Significant correlations were found between u-PCX and key renal function parameters - serum creatinine, eGFR, and creatinine clearance - suggesting that u-PCX reflects the degree of renal dysfunction.
Conclusion:
Urinary podocalyxin is significantly associated with renal dysfunction in AKI. It demonstrates strong correlation with conventional renal markers and may serve as a sensitive, non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease severity in AKI patients.
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Urinary Podocalyxin, Podocyte Injury, Serum Creatinine, eGFR, Biomarker
This abstract follows standard IMRaD structure (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion/Conclusion) suitable for conference or journal submission. Let me know if you'd like any section expanded, condensed, or formatted differently (e.g., word limit, specific journal style).
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Here are all the statistical results extracted directly from the poster:
Statistical Results
1. Distribution of AKI Patients (n = 30)
| Diagnosis | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| AKI (Non-dialysis) | 16 | 53.3% |
| AKI (On dialysis) | 14 | 46.7% |
| Total | 30 | 100% |
2. Urinary Podocalyxin Levels in AKI Patients
| Diagnosis | N | Mean u-PCX (µg/mL) | ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| AKI (Non-dialysis) | 16 | 187.20 | ± 23.56 |
| AKI (On dialysis) | 14 | 248.85 | ± 18.34 |
- AKI patients on dialysis had ~33% higher u-PCX levels compared to non-dialysis patients (248.85 vs 187.20 µg/mL), indicating more severe podocyte injury in the dialysis group.
3. Correlation of u-PCX with Renal Function Parameters
| Correlation Pair | Pearson's r | p-value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
| u-PCX vs Serum Creatinine | +0.876 | < 0.001 | Strong positive correlation |
| u-PCX vs eGFR | -0.812 | < 0.001 | Strong negative correlation |
| u-PCX vs Creatinine Clearance | -0.794 | < 0.001 | Strong negative correlation |
Key Takeaways
- All three correlations are highly statistically significant (p < 0.001).
- The strongest association is with serum creatinine (r = +0.876) - as kidney function worsens, u-PCX rises in tandem.
- Negative correlations with eGFR (r = -0.812) and creatinine clearance (r = -0.794) confirm that as filtration capacity drops, urinary podocalyxin increases.
- These results strongly support u-PCX as a reliable marker reflecting the degree of renal dysfunction in AKI.
make a abstract with result statistical value
Here is the complete abstract with all statistical values embedded:
Abstract
Association of Urinary Podocalyxin Levels in Patients of Acute Kidney Injury and its Correlation with Serum Creatinine, eGFR, and Creatinine Clearance
Dr. Anjali Singh, JR3 (MD Biochemistry), Terna Medical College
Background:
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is characterized by a sudden decline in renal function, manifesting as a rise in serum creatinine and reduced urine output. Conventional biomarkers such as serum creatinine and eGFR have well-known limitations, as they rise only after significant renal impairment has already occurred. Podocalyxin (PCX), a transmembrane protein expressed on podocytes, is shed into the urine following podocyte injury. Urinary podocalyxin (u-PCX) has emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker for early detection and severity assessment of renal injury.
Aims and Objectives:
To evaluate urinary podocalyxin levels in AKI patients and to correlate u-PCX with serum creatinine, eGFR, and creatinine clearance.
Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based prospective descriptive study was conducted enrolling 30 clinically diagnosed AKI patients aged 18-65 years, of both genders, with or without dialysis. Patients with MODS, congenital renal anomalies, or malignancy were excluded. Serum creatinine was estimated by Jaffe's method on a Vitros 5600 analyzer. Urinary podocalyxin was measured using a sandwich ELISA kit. eGFR and creatinine clearance were calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
Of the 30 AKI patients enrolled, 16 (53.3%) were non-dialysis and 14 (46.7%) were on dialysis. Urinary podocalyxin levels were markedly elevated across both groups. AKI patients not on dialysis had a mean u-PCX of 187.20 ± 23.56 µg/mL, while those on dialysis showed significantly higher levels of 248.85 ± 18.34 µg/mL, reflecting greater podocyte injury with worsening renal function. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between u-PCX and serum creatinine (r = +0.876, p < 0.001), a strong negative correlation with eGFR (r = -0.812, p < 0.001), and a strong negative correlation with creatinine clearance (r = -0.794, p < 0.001). All correlations were highly statistically significant.
Conclusion:
Urinary podocalyxin is significantly elevated in AKI and shows strong, statistically significant correlations with all conventional renal function parameters. These findings support u-PCX as a sensitive, non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease severity in AKI patients.
Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Urinary Podocalyxin, Podocyte Injury, Serum Creatinine, eGFR, Creatinine Clearance, Biomarker
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