~/

cross section medulla above pyramidal decussation outline anatomy

mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline/output" && python - <<'PY' from pathlib import Path from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4 from reportlab.lib.units import mm out=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline/output') svg=out/'medulla_cross_section_outline.svg' pdf=out/'medulla_cross_section_outline_A4.pdf' # Symmetric unlabelled outline based on transverse medulla at level above pyramidal decussation. path_d='''M 210 45 C 194 53, 183 70, 178 90 C 173 109, 170 125, 165 140 C 158 158, 150 167, 144 179 C 138 190, 138 205, 143 219 C 150 239, 155 253, 155 272 C 155 290, 149 308, 146 325 C 142 345, 143 366, 151 383 C 158 398, 164 406, 168 420 C 172 433, 169 451, 165 468 C 160 491, 160 511, 169 526 C 178 541, 189 550, 198 562 C 206 573, 211 586, 210 602 L 210 630 L 225 611 L 240 630 L 240 602 C 239 586, 244 573, 252 562 C 261 550, 272 541, 281 526 C 290 511, 290 491, 285 468 C 281 451, 278 433, 282 420 C 286 406, 292 398, 299 383 C 307 366, 308 345, 304 325 C 301 308, 295 290, 295 272 C 295 253, 300 239, 307 219 C 312 205, 312 190, 306 179 C 300 167, 292 158, 285 140 C 280 125, 277 109, 272 90 C 267 70, 256 53, 240 45 C 237 44, 235 48, 236 55 L 237 83 C 237 92, 232 99, 225 101 C 218 99, 213 92, 213 83 L 214 55 C 215 48, 213 44, 210 45 Z''' # SVG with no title or labels, black contour only. svg.write_text(f'''<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100mm" height="150mm" viewBox="120 25 200 630"> <path d="{path_d}" fill="none" stroke="#000000" stroke-width="3" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round"/> </svg>\n''') # Create a high-contrast A4 print PDF with the outline large and centered. c=canvas.Canvas(str(pdf),pagesize=A4) w,h=A4 # Drawing uses values scaled from SVG. 100 mm wide x 150 mm high. Place at center. scale=0.72 xoff=(w-(200*scale))/2 - 120*scale yoff=(h-(630*scale))/2 - 25*scale p=c.beginPath() # Construct reportlab path directly. p.moveTo(210,45) p.curveTo(194,53,183,70,178,90);p.curveTo(173,109,170,125,165,140);p.curveTo(158,158,150,167,144,179);p.curveTo(138,190,138,205,143,219);p.curveTo(150,239,155,253,155,272);p.curveTo(155,290,149,308,146,325);p.curveTo(142,345,143,366,151,383);p.curveTo(158,398,164,406,168,420);p.curveTo(172,433,169,451,165,468);p.curveTo(160,491,160,511,169,526);p.curveTo(178,541,189,550,198,562);p.curveTo(206,573,211,586,210,602);p.lineTo(210,630);p.lineTo(225,611);p.lineTo(240,630);p.lineTo(240,602);p.curveTo(239,586,244,573,252,562);p.curveTo(261,550,272,541,281,526);p.curveTo(290,511,290,491,285,468);p.curveTo(281,451,278,433,282,420);p.curveTo(286,406,292,398,299,383);p.curveTo(307,366,308,345,304,325);p.curveTo(301,308,295,290,295,272);p.curveTo(295,253,300,239,307,219);p.curveTo(312,205,312,190,306,179);p.curveTo(300,167,292,158,285,140);p.curveTo(280,125,277,109,272,90);p.curveTo(267,70,256,53,240,45);p.curveTo(237,44,235,48,236,55);p.lineTo(237,83);p.curveTo(237,92,232,99,225,101);p.curveTo(218,99,213,92,213,83);p.lineTo(214,55);p.curveTo(215,48,213,44,210,45);p.close() c.saveState(); c.translate(xoff,yoff); c.scale(scale,scale); c.setLineWidth(3.0/scale); c.setLineJoin(1); c.setLineCap(1); c.drawPath(p,stroke=1,fill=0); c.restoreState();c.save() print(pdf, pdf.stat().st_size) print(svg, svg.stat().st_size) PY python - <<'PY' from pypdf import PdfReader p='/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline/output/medulla_cross_section_outline_A4.pdf' r=PdfReader(p) assert len(r.pages)==1 print('verified',len(r.pages),r.pages[0].mediabox) PY

unlabeled cross section rostral open medulla inferior olive hypoglossal nucleus diagram

rostral medulla cross section inferior olive hypoglossal nucleus diagram

medulla oblongata anatomy

~/

mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output" && python - <<'PY' from pathlib import Path import cairosvg out=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output') svg=out/'unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section.svg' # Unlabelled, traceable schematic at the rostral/open medulla (level of inferior olives). content='''<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="210mm" height="297mm" viewBox="0 0 210 297"> <rect width="210" height="297" fill="white"/> <g fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="0.75" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-linecap="round"> <!-- external contour: dorsal is top, ventral is bottom --> <path stroke-width="1.25" d="M25,38 C19,42 16,55 18,68 C20,80 22,90 19,102 C16,117 14,130 19,143 C23,154 28,162 29,176 C30,193 25,205 28,221 C31,237 42,247 55,253 C64,257 67,263 70,272 L86,254 L105,272 L124,254 L140,272 C143,263 146,257 155,253 C168,247 179,237 182,221 C185,205 180,193 181,176 C182,162 187,154 191,143 C196,130 194,117 191,102 C188,90 190,80 192,68 C194,55 191,42 185,38 C177,37 172,42 170,51 C167,64 160,74 150,80 C140,86 132,91 126,97 L84,97 C78,91 70,86 60,80 C50,74 43,64 40,51 C38,42 33,37 25,38 Z"/> <!-- fourth ventricle / dorsal floor --> <path d="M42,52 C55,48 72,54 84,66 C92,74 98,76 105,76 C112,76 118,74 126,66 C138,54 155,48 168,52 C163,66 154,77 145,84 C136,91 129,99 124,108 L86,108 C81,99 74,91 65,84 C56,77 47,66 42,52 Z"/> <path d="M84,66 C91,67 97,69 105,76 C113,69 119,67 126,66"/> <!-- inferior cerebellar peduncles --> <path d="M24,43 C31,43 37,49 40,59 C43,70 51,79 60,84 C54,79 52,67 51,57 C49,45 40,37 31,36"/> <path d="M186,43 C179,43 173,49 170,59 C167,70 159,79 150,84 C156,79 158,67 159,57 C161,45 170,37 179,36"/> <!-- vestibular nuclear regions --> <path d="M48,75 C54,67 64,67 69,75 C71,80 69,86 64,90 C58,92 51,88 48,83 Z"/> <path d="M162,75 C156,67 146,67 141,75 C139,80 141,86 146,90 C152,92 159,88 162,83 Z"/> <!-- spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus --> <path d="M30,95 C39,88 49,90 55,99 C60,109 59,124 55,136 C51,148 43,157 34,157 C26,150 25,138 27,124 C28,113 25,103 30,95 Z"/> <path d="M35,101 C41,97 47,100 50,106 C53,116 51,129 47,138 C44,145 39,148 34,146 C31,139 33,126 34,116 C35,110 31,105 35,101 Z"/> <path d="M180,95 C171,88 161,90 155,99 C150,109 151,124 155,136 C159,148 167,157 176,157 C184,150 185,138 183,124 C182,113 185,103 180,95 Z"/> <path d="M175,101 C169,97 163,100 160,106 C157,116 159,129 163,138 C166,145 171,148 176,146 C179,139 177,126 176,116 C175,110 179,105 175,101 Z"/> <!-- solitary tract/nucleus --> <ellipse cx="60" cy="113" rx="5.7" ry="10"/><ellipse cx="150" cy="113" rx="5.7" ry="10"/> <!-- dorsal motor vagal nuclei, hypoglossal nuclei --> <ellipse cx="88" cy="105" rx="5" ry="8"/><ellipse cx="122" cy="105" rx="5" ry="8"/> <ellipse cx="98" cy="95" rx="4.3" ry="6.2"/><ellipse cx="112" cy="95" rx="4.3" ry="6.2"/> <!-- MLF and central tegmental region --> <ellipse cx="99" cy="119" rx="3" ry="7"/><ellipse cx="111" cy="119" rx="3" ry="7"/> <path d="M82,120 C89,114 97,116 105,123 C113,116 121,114 128,120 C133,129 128,142 120,150 C114,157 110,164 105,170 C100,164 96,157 90,150 C82,142 77,129 82,120 Z"/> <!-- nucleus ambiguus --> <ellipse cx="72" cy="147" rx="5.2" ry="9"/><ellipse cx="138" cy="147" rx="5.2" ry="9"/> <!-- inferior olivary nuclei: folded outlines --> <path stroke-width="1.1" d="M48,167 C41,180 43,202 55,213 C65,222 79,217 83,204 C87,190 80,178 70,174 C62,171 58,176 60,184 C62,192 70,195 73,201 C75,205 73,210 68,211 C59,212 51,203 50,194 C49,184 53,177 59,173 Z"/> <path stroke-width="1.1" d="M162,167 C169,180 167,202 155,213 C145,222 131,217 127,204 C123,190 130,178 140,174 C148,171 152,176 150,184 C148,192 140,195 137,201 C135,205 137,210 142,211 C151,212 159,203 160,194 C161,184 157,177 151,173 Z"/> <!-- medial lemnisci --> <path d="M84,181 C92,174 99,176 105,184 C111,176 118,174 126,181 L124,198 C117,202 112,199 105,193 C98,199 93,202 86,198 Z"/> <!-- reticulospinal/sympathetic regions --> <path d="M35,164 C43,158 53,160 58,168 C54,185 56,204 65,220 C58,231 46,227 39,217 C31,204 30,181 35,164 Z"/> <path d="M175,164 C167,158 157,160 152,168 C156,185 154,204 145,220 C152,231 164,227 171,217 C179,204 180,181 175,164 Z"/> <!-- pyramids --> <path stroke-width="1.15" d="M68,225 C77,216 94,214 101,223 L102,251 L86,254 L70,272 C67,258 61,247 63,237 C64,232 65,228 68,225 Z"/> <path stroke-width="1.15" d="M142,225 C133,216 116,214 109,223 L108,251 L124,254 L140,272 C143,258 149,247 147,237 C146,232 145,228 142,225 Z"/> <!-- anterior median fissure --> <path d="M105,272 L105,244"/> <!-- small lateral tract compartments --> <path d="M29,160 C34,157 39,159 42,165 C39,177 39,190 43,201"/><path d="M181,160 C176,157 171,159 168,165 C171,177 171,190 167,201"/> <path d="M73,124 C78,121 81,123 82,128"/><path d="M137,124 C132,121 129,123 128,128"/> </g> </svg>''' svg.write_text(content) cairosvg.svg2pdf(bytestring=content.encode(), write_to=str(out/'unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf'), output_width=595, output_height=842) cairosvg.svg2png(bytestring=content.encode(), write_to=str(out/'unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_preview.png'), output_width=1240, output_height=1754) print('created') PY python - <<'PY' from pypdf import PdfReader from pathlib import Path p=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output/unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf') r=PdfReader(str(p)); print(p.exists(),p.stat().st_size,len(r.pages),r.pages[0].mediabox) PY

~/medulla-outline-proper/

python -c "import importlib.util; print('svglib',importlib.util.find_spec('svglib')); print('reportlab',importlib.util.find_spec('reportlab'))"

python - <<'PY' from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4 from pathlib import Path out=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output'); out.mkdir(parents=True,exist_ok=True) pdf=out/'unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf' c=canvas.Canvas(str(pdf),pagesize=A4); W,H=A4 c.setTitle('Unlabelled Open Medulla Cross Section') # model coordinate mm, diagram centred, dorsal top S=1.22; ox=(W-210*S)/2; oy=35 c.translate(ox,oy);c.scale(S,S);c.setStrokeColorRGB(0,0,0);c.setLineJoin(1);c.setLineCap(1) def path(cmds,w=.65): p=c.beginPath() for q in cmds: if q[0]=='M':p.moveTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='L':p.lineTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='C':p.curveTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='Z':p.close() c.setLineWidth(w);c.drawPath(p,0,0) def ell(x,y,rx,ry,w=.65): c.setLineWidth(w);c.ellipse(x-rx,y-ry,x+rx,y+ry,0,0) # complete outer silhouette of open medulla at level of olives path([('M',23,210),('C',17,192,20,177,25,164),('C',31,150,26,133,21,119),('C',16,103,18,86,25,75),('C',29,68,30,54,29,43),('C',28,29,35,20,44,19),('C',55,19,62,32,65,45),('C',68,57,75,66,85,72),('C',93,77,98,83,105,91),('C',112,83,117,77,125,72),('C',135,66,142,57,145,45),('C',148,32,155,19,166,19),('C',175,20,182,29,181,43),('C',180,54,181,68,185,75),('C',192,86,194,103,189,119),('C',184,133,179,150,185,164),('C',190,177,193,192,187,210),('C',182,224,173,234,159,240),('C',149,244,142,251,139,264),('L',122,247),('L',105,265),('L',88,247),('L',71,264),('C',68,251,61,244,51,240),('C',37,234,28,224,23,210),('Z',)],1.25) # floor of fourth ventricle path([('M',37,39),('C',52,36,67,44,80,57),('C',90,67,97,69,105,69),('C',113,69,120,67,130,57),('C',143,44,158,36,173,39),('C',166,55,156,65,145,72),('C',136,78,130,87,126,97),('L',84,97),('C',80,87,74,78,65,72),('C',54,65,44,55,37,39),('Z',)]) # peduncular delimiters path([('M',29,22),('C',39,23,45,31,48,43),('C',51,56,56,65,65,72)]) path([('M',181,22),('C',171,23,165,31,162,43),('C',159,56,154,65,145,72)]) # paired structures helper mirror x def pair_ellipse(x,y,rx,ry): ell(x,y,rx,ry);ell(210-x,y,rx,ry) def pair_path(cmds): path(cmds) mir=[] for q in cmds: if q[0] in 'ML': mir.append((q[0],210-q[1],q[2])) elif q[0]=='C': mir.append(('C',210-q[1],q[2],210-q[3],q[4],210-q[5],q[6])) else: mir.append(q) path(mir) # vestibular areas, dorsal motor, XII, NTS etc pair_ellipse(59,74,7,10);pair_ellipse(89,96,5,8);pair_ellipse(98,86,4,6) pair_ellipse(62,112,5,10);pair_ellipse(97,116,3,7) # spinal trigeminal nucleus/tract lateral pair_path([('M',31,88),('C',40,81,51,86,55,98),('C',59,110,56,128,50,140),('C',45,149,36,153,29,148),('C',24,137,27,122,29,112),('C',31,101,25,94,31,88),('Z',)]) pair_path([('M',35,96),('C',42,91,49,97,50,106),('C',51,117,47,134,40,140),('C',34,138,34,126,35,115),('C',36,107,31,100,35,96),('Z',)]) # central tegmental reticular region path([('M',82,112),('C',88,105,98,109,105,118),('C',112,109,122,105,128,112),('C',134,124,128,142,120,151),('C',113,160,109,169,105,174),('C',101,169,97,160,90,151),('C',82,142,76,124,82,112),('Z',)]) # nucleus ambiguus pair_ellipse(72,144,5,9) # olive folded outlines pair_path([('M',48,160),('C',40,174,42,197,55,209),('C',67,220,81,213,83,200),('C',85,186,78,176,68,171),('C',59,167,55,177,59,185),('C',63,194,73,195,73,204),('C',69,212,57,207,53,198),('C',48,187,52,176,59,171),('Z',)],1.05) # medial lemniscal region path([('M',84,176),('C',92,170,99,173,105,181),('C',111,173,118,170,126,176),('L',124,195),('C',117,199,111,195,105,190),('C',99,195,93,199,86,195),('Z',)]) # lateral systems pair_path([('M',31,157),('C',39,151,50,154,57,164),('C',53,180,57,201,65,217),('C',58,227,46,223,38,213),('C',30,200,27,174,31,157),('Z',)]) # pyramids pair_path([('M',67,222),('C',76,213,94,212,101,222),('L',102,246),('L',88,247),('L',71,264),('C',68,251,61,240,63,231),('C',64,226,65,224,67,222),('Z',)],1.05) # anterior median fissure path([('M',105,265),('L',105,240)]) # a few tract boundaries pair_path([('M',74,121),('C',79,117,82,120,83,126)]) pair_path([('M',39,151),('C',44,147,50,149,54,154)]) c.showPage();c.save();print(pdf, pdf.stat().st_size) PY python - <<'PY' from pypdf import PdfReader from pathlib import Path p=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output/unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf');r=PdfReader(str(p));assert len(r.pages)==1 and p.stat().st_size>1000;print('verified',p.stat().st_size) PY

python - <<'PY' from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4 from pathlib import Path out=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output'); out.mkdir(parents=True,exist_ok=True) pdf=out/'unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf' c=canvas.Canvas(str(pdf),pagesize=A4);W,H=A4;c.setTitle('Unlabelled Open Medulla Cross Section') S=1.22; c.translate((W-210*S)/2,35); c.scale(S,S); c.setStrokeColorRGB(0,0,0);c.setLineJoin(1);c.setLineCap(1) def path(cmds,w=.65): p=c.beginPath() for q in cmds: if q[0]=='M':p.moveTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='L':p.lineTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='C':p.curveTo(*q[1:]) elif q[0]=='Z':p.close() c.setLineWidth(w);c.drawPath(p,0,0) def ell(x,y,rx,ry,w=.65):c.setLineWidth(w);c.ellipse(x-rx,y-ry,x+rx,y+ry,0,0) def pair_path(cmds,w=.65): path(cmds,w);mir=[] for q in cmds: if q[0] in 'ML':mir.append((q[0],210-q[1],q[2])) elif q[0]=='C':mir.append(('C',210-q[1],q[2],210-q[3],q[4],210-q[5],q[6])) else:mir.append(q) path(mir,w) def pair_ellipse(x,y,rx,ry,w=.65):ell(x,y,rx,ry,w);ell(210-x,y,rx,ry,w) path([('M',23,210),('C',17,192,20,177,25,164),('C',31,150,26,133,21,119),('C',16,103,18,86,25,75),('C',29,68,30,54,29,43),('C',28,29,35,20,44,19),('C',55,19,62,32,65,45),('C',68,57,75,66,85,72),('C',93,77,98,83,105,91),('C',112,83,117,77,125,72),('C',135,66,142,57,145,45),('C',148,32,155,19,166,19),('C',175,20,182,29,181,43),('C',180,54,181,68,185,75),('C',192,86,194,103,189,119),('C',184,133,179,150,185,164),('C',190,177,193,192,187,210),('C',182,224,173,234,159,240),('C',149,244,142,251,139,264),('L',122,247),('L',105,265),('L',88,247),('L',71,264),('C',68,251,61,244,51,240),('C',37,234,28,224,23,210),('Z',)],1.25) path([('M',37,39),('C',52,36,67,44,80,57),('C',90,67,97,69,105,69),('C',113,69,120,67,130,57),('C',143,44,158,36,173,39),('C',166,55,156,65,145,72),('C',136,78,130,87,126,97),('L',84,97),('C',80,87,74,78,65,72),('C',54,65,44,55,37,39),('Z',)]) path([('M',29,22),('C',39,23,45,31,48,43),('C',51,56,56,65,65,72)]);path([('M',181,22),('C',171,23,165,31,162,43),('C',159,56,154,65,145,72)]) pair_ellipse(59,74,7,10);pair_ellipse(89,96,5,8);pair_ellipse(98,86,4,6);pair_ellipse(62,112,5,10);pair_ellipse(97,116,3,7) pair_path([('M',31,88),('C',40,81,51,86,55,98),('C',59,110,56,128,50,140),('C',45,149,36,153,29,148),('C',24,137,27,122,29,112),('C',31,101,25,94,31,88),('Z',)]) pair_path([('M',35,96),('C',42,91,49,97,50,106),('C',51,117,47,134,40,140),('C',34,138,34,126,35,115),('C',36,107,31,100,35,96),('Z',)]) path([('M',82,112),('C',88,105,98,109,105,118),('C',112,109,122,105,128,112),('C',134,124,128,142,120,151),('C',113,160,109,169,105,174),('C',101,169,97,160,90,151),('C',82,142,76,124,82,112),('Z',)]) pair_ellipse(72,144,5,9) pair_path([('M',48,160),('C',40,174,42,197,55,209),('C',67,220,81,213,83,200),('C',85,186,78,176,68,171),('C',59,167,55,177,59,185),('C',63,194,73,195,73,204),('C',69,212,57,207,53,198),('C',48,187,52,176,59,171),('Z',)],1.05) path([('M',84,176),('C',92,170,99,173,105,181),('C',111,173,118,170,126,176),('L',124,195),('C',117,199,111,195,105,190),('C',99,195,93,199,86,195),('Z',)]) pair_path([('M',31,157),('C',39,151,50,154,57,164),('C',53,180,57,201,65,217),('C',58,227,46,223,38,213),('C',30,200,27,174,31,157),('Z',)]) pair_path([('M',67,222),('C',76,213,94,212,101,222),('L',102,246),('L',88,247),('L',71,264),('C',68,251,61,240,63,231),('C',64,226,65,224,67,222),('Z',)],1.05) path([('M',105,265),('L',105,240)]);pair_path([('M',74,121),('C',79,117,82,120,83,126)]);pair_path([('M',39,151),('C',44,147,50,149,54,154)]) c.showPage();c.save();print(pdf,pdf.stat().st_size) PY python - <<'PY' from pypdf import PdfReader from pathlib import Path p=Path('/tmp/workspace/medulla-outline-proper/output/unlabelled_open_medulla_cross_section_A4.pdf'); r=PdfReader(str(p)); assert len(r.pages)==1 and p.stat().st_size>1000; print('verified',p.stat().st_size) PY