Chapter 6 - Popliteal Fossa

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import cm, mm
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table, TableStyle,
    HRFlowable, KeepTogether
)
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY
from reportlab.platypus import Flowable
import math

# ─── Color palette ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
MAROON    = colors.HexColor("#7B1C2A")
DARK_RED  = colors.HexColor("#A0293A")
LIGHT_RED = colors.HexColor("#F5E6E8")
GOLD      = colors.HexColor("#C8960C")
LIGHT_GOLD= colors.HexColor("#FFF8E7")
CREAM     = colors.HexColor("#FDFAF5")
DARK_GRAY = colors.HexColor("#2C2C2C")
MED_GRAY  = colors.HexColor("#5A5A5A")
LIGHT_GRAY= colors.HexColor("#F0F0F0")
BLUE_GRAY = colors.HexColor("#4A6FA5")
TEAL      = colors.HexColor("#2E7D8C")

W, H = A4

# ─── Styles ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

def sty(name, **kw):
    return ParagraphStyle(name, **kw)

TITLE_STYLE = sty("MainTitle",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=26, textColor=MAROON,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)

SUBTITLE_STYLE = sty("SubTitle",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=11, textColor=MED_GRAY,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=12)

H1 = sty("H1",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=13, textColor=colors.white,
    alignment=TA_LEFT, spaceBefore=8, spaceAfter=4,
    backColor=MAROON, leftIndent=-6, borderPad=4)

H2 = sty("H2",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=11, textColor=DARK_RED,
    spaceBefore=8, spaceAfter=3, borderPadding=(0,0,2,0))

BODY = sty("Body",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=9.5, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
    leading=14, spaceAfter=3, alignment=TA_JUSTIFY)

BULLET = sty("Bullet",
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=9.5, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
    leading=14, leftIndent=14, spaceAfter=2, bulletIndent=4)

SMALL = sty("Small",
    fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", fontSize=8.5, textColor=MED_GRAY,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)

CAPTION = sty("Caption",
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=8, textColor=TEAL,
    alignment=TA_CENTER)

NOTE = sty("Note",
    fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", fontSize=9, textColor=MAROON,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceBefore=4, spaceAfter=4)

# ─── Custom Flowables ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

class SectionHeader(Flowable):
    """Colored banner section header."""
    def __init__(self, text, color=MAROON, width=None):
        Flowable.__init__(self)
        self.text = text
        self.color = color
        self.width = width or (W - 4*cm)
        self.height = 22

    def draw(self):
        c = self.canv
        c.setFillColor(self.color)
        c.roundRect(0, 0, self.width, self.height, 4, fill=1, stroke=0)
        c.setFillColor(colors.white)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
        c.drawString(10, 6, self.text.upper())


class DiamondDiagram(Flowable):
    """SVG-like diamond shape showing popliteal fossa boundaries."""
    def __init__(self, w=380, h=340):
        Flowable.__init__(self)
        self.width = w
        self.height = h

    def draw(self):
        c = self.canv
        cx, cy = self.width / 2, self.height / 2

        # Shadow
        c.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#CCCCCC"))
        c.setStrokeColor(colors.HexColor("#CCCCCC"))
        pts_shadow = [
            (cx+3, cy+110), (cx+90+3, cy-20), (cx+3, cy-110), (cx-90+3, cy-20)
        ]
        path = c.beginPath()
        path.moveTo(*pts_shadow[0])
        for pt in pts_shadow[1:]:
            path.lineTo(*pt)
        path.close()
        c.drawPath(path, fill=1, stroke=0)

        # Diamond body
        c.setFillColor(LIGHT_RED)
        c.setStrokeColor(MAROON)
        c.setLineWidth(2)
        pts = [
            (cx, cy + 110),   # top
            (cx + 90, cy - 20), # right
            (cx, cy - 110),   # bottom
            (cx - 90, cy - 20)  # left
        ]
        path = c.beginPath()
        path.moveTo(*pts[0])
        for pt in pts[1:]:
            path.lineTo(*pt)
        path.close()
        c.drawPath(path, fill=1, stroke=1)

        # Corner dots
        for pt in pts:
            c.setFillColor(MAROON)
            c.circle(pt[0], pt[1], 5, fill=1, stroke=0)

        # Center label
        c.setFillColor(MAROON)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 11)
        c.drawCentredString(cx, cy + 2, "POPLITEAL")
        c.drawCentredString(cx, cy - 12, "FOSSA")

        # ── Corner boundary labels ──
        label_style = [("Helvetica-Bold", 9, DARK_RED)]

        def draw_label(x, y, lines, anchor="c"):
            c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 8.5)
            c.setFillColor(DARK_RED)
            line_h = 11
            total = len(lines) * line_h
            start_y = y + total / 2
            for i, line in enumerate(lines):
                yy = start_y - i * line_h
                if anchor == "l":
                    c.drawString(x, yy, line)
                elif anchor == "r":
                    c.drawRightString(x, yy, line)
                else:
                    c.drawCentredString(x, yy, line)

        # Top (Superolaterally)
        draw_label(cx, cy + 128, ["SUPEROLATERALLY", "Biceps Femoris"])

        # Right (Inferolaterally)
        draw_label(cx + 115, cy - 24, ["INFEROLATERALLY", "Lat. head Gastrocnemius", "+ Plantaris"], anchor="l")

        # Bottom (Inferomedially)
        draw_label(cx, cy - 128, ["INFEROMEDIALLY", "Med. head Gastrocnemius"])

        # Left (Superomedially)
        draw_label(cx - 115, cy - 24, ["SUPEROMEDIALLY", "Semitendinosus", "Semimembranosus", "Gracilis + Sartorius"], anchor="r")

        # Axis arrows (vertical dashed line)
        c.setStrokeColor(TEAL)
        c.setLineWidth(1)
        c.setDash(4, 3)
        c.line(cx, cy + 100, cx, cy - 100)
        c.setDash()

        # Small arrow tips
        c.setFillColor(TEAL)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.drawCentredString(cx + 16, cy + 86, "Superior")
        c.drawCentredString(cx + 16, cy - 96, "Inferior")


class NVADiagram(Flowable):
    """Diagram showing nerve/vein/artery arrangement at 3 levels."""
    def __init__(self, w=370, h=300):
        Flowable.__init__(self)
        self.width = w
        self.height = h

    def draw(self):
        c = self.canv
        margin_l = 40
        margin_r = 40
        top_y = self.height - 30

        # Title
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
        c.setFillColor(MAROON)
        c.drawCentredString(self.width / 2, top_y + 10, "Neurovascular Arrangement in Popliteal Fossa")

        levels = [
            {
                "label": "UPPER FOSSA",
                "sublabel": "(Medial → Lateral)",
                "items": [("A", "Artery", colors.HexColor("#C0392B")),
                           ("V", "Vein", colors.HexColor("#2980B9")),
                           ("N", "Nerve", colors.HexColor("#27AE60"))],
                "y": top_y - 30
            },
            {
                "label": "MIDDLE FOSSA",
                "sublabel": "(Back → Front)",
                "items": [("N", "Nerve", colors.HexColor("#27AE60")),
                           ("V", "Vein", colors.HexColor("#2980B9")),
                           ("A", "Artery", colors.HexColor("#C0392B"))],
                "y": top_y - 115
            },
            {
                "label": "LOWER FOSSA",
                "sublabel": "(Medial → Lateral)",
                "items": [("N", "Nerve", colors.HexColor("#27AE60")),
                           ("V", "Vein", colors.HexColor("#2980B9")),
                           ("A", "Artery", colors.HexColor("#C0392B"))],
                "y": top_y - 200
            }
        ]

        box_w = 54
        box_h = 44
        spacing = 62
        start_x = margin_l + 90

        for level in levels:
            y = level["y"]

            # Level label
            c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
            c.setFillColor(DARK_GRAY)
            c.drawString(margin_l, y + 28, level["label"])
            c.setFont("Helvetica-Oblique", 7.5)
            c.setFillColor(MED_GRAY)
            c.drawString(margin_l, y + 16, level["sublabel"])

            # Horizontal arrow
            arrow_x1 = start_x - 8
            arrow_x2 = start_x + 3 * spacing
            c.setStrokeColor(LIGHT_GRAY)
            c.setLineWidth(1)
            c.line(arrow_x1, y + box_h / 2, arrow_x2, y + box_h / 2)

            for i, (letter, name, col) in enumerate(level["items"]):
                bx = start_x + i * spacing
                by = y

                # Box
                c.setFillColor(col)
                c.setStrokeColor(colors.white)
                c.setLineWidth(1.5)
                c.roundRect(bx, by, box_w, box_h, 6, fill=1, stroke=1)

                # Letter
                c.setFillColor(colors.white)
                c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 18)
                c.drawCentredString(bx + box_w / 2, by + box_h / 2 + 1, letter)

                # Name below box
                c.setFillColor(DARK_GRAY)
                c.setFont("Helvetica", 7.5)
                c.drawCentredString(bx + box_w / 2, by - 9, name)

            # Connector line between levels
            if level != levels[-1]:
                next_y = level["y"] - 85
                c.setStrokeColor(LIGHT_GRAY)
                c.setDash(3, 3)
                c.setLineWidth(0.5)
                c.line(self.width / 2, y - 2, self.width / 2, next_y + box_h + 2)
                c.setDash()

        # Mnemonic box
        c.setFillColor(LIGHT_GOLD)
        c.setStrokeColor(GOLD)
        c.setLineWidth(1.5)
        c.roundRect(self.width - margin_r - 95, 6, 92, 52, 6, fill=1, stroke=1)
        c.setFillColor(GOLD)
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 8)
        c.drawCentredString(self.width - margin_r - 49, 46, "MNEMONIC")
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 10)
        c.setFillColor(DARK_GRAY)
        c.drawCentredString(self.width - margin_r - 49, 32, "Upper: A-V-N")
        c.drawCentredString(self.width - margin_r - 49, 19, "Lower: N-V-A")


class FloorRoofDiagram(Flowable):
    """Simple schematic cross-section showing roof and floor."""
    def __init__(self, w=370, h=180):
        Flowable.__init__(self)
        self.width = w
        self.height = h

    def draw(self):
        c = self.canv
        cx = self.width / 2

        # Roof bar
        roof_y = self.height - 40
        c.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#E8D5B7"))
        c.setStrokeColor(colors.HexColor("#8B6914"))
        c.setLineWidth(1.5)
        c.rect(60, roof_y, self.width - 120, 22, fill=1, stroke=1)
        c.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#5D4037"))
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
        c.drawCentredString(cx, roof_y + 8, "ROOF  –  Superficial (Deep) Fascia")

        # Fossa space
        fossa_top = roof_y
        fossa_bot = 80
        c.setFillColor(LIGHT_RED)
        c.setStrokeColor(MAROON)
        c.setLineWidth(1)
        c.rect(60, fossa_bot, self.width - 120, fossa_top - fossa_bot, fill=1, stroke=1)

        # Content labels inside
        c.setFillColor(DARK_GRAY)
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        contents = [
            "N  –  Tibial Nerve (most superficial)",
            "V  –  Popliteal Vein",
            "A  –  Popliteal Artery (deepest)",
            "+ Common Peroneal N., Lymph Nodes, Fat"
        ]
        for i, txt in enumerate(contents):
            c.drawCentredString(cx, fossa_top - 18 - i * 14, txt)

        # Floor bar
        c.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#D7E8F0"))
        c.setStrokeColor(colors.HexColor("#1A5276"))
        c.setLineWidth(1.5)
        c.rect(60, fossa_bot - 44, self.width - 120, 42, fill=1, stroke=1)
        c.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#1A5276"))
        c.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 8.5)
        c.drawCentredString(cx, fossa_bot - 10, "FLOOR")
        c.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
        c.setFillColor(DARK_GRAY)
        c.drawCentredString(cx, fossa_bot - 24, "Femur (popliteal surface)  |  Capsule + Oblique popliteal lig.  |  Popliteus muscle")

        # Arrows
        c.setStrokeColor(MAROON)
        c.setFillColor(MAROON)
        c.setLineWidth(1)
        c.drawString(4, roof_y + 6, "Superficial")
        c.drawString(4, fossa_bot - 26, "Deep")


# ─── Build document ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

OUTPUT = "/home/daytona/workspace/popliteal-fossa/Popliteal_Fossa_Quick_Reference.pdf"
doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT,
    pagesize=A4,
    leftMargin=2.2*cm, rightMargin=2.2*cm,
    topMargin=2*cm, bottomMargin=2*cm,
    title="Popliteal Fossa – Quick Reference",
    author="Anatomy Notes"
)

story = []

# ── Cover / Header ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))
story.append(Paragraph("POPLITEAL FOSSA", TITLE_STYLE))
story.append(Paragraph("Chapter 6 – Quick Reference Notes", SUBTITLE_STYLE))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "<i>\"The popliteal artery is auscultated for measuring the blood pressure in the lower limb.\"</i>",
    NOTE))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=2, color=MAROON, spaceAfter=10))

# ── Introduction ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Introduction & Location"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))

intro_data = [
    ["Definition", "Shallow diamond-shaped depression at the back of the knee joint (best felt in semiflexion)"],
    ["Latin meaning", "Hamstring of knee"],
    ["Forearm analogy", "Corresponds to the cubital fossa"],
    ["Location", "Behind the knee joint, between lower femur and upper tibia"],
]
t = Table(intro_data, colWidths=[4.2*cm, 12*cm])
t.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0, 0), (0, -1), LIGHT_RED),
    ("BACKGROUND",    (1, 0), (1, -1), CREAM),
    ("FONTNAME",      (0, 0), (0, -1), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",      (0, 0), (-1, -1), 9),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",     (0, 0), (0, -1), MAROON),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",     (1, 0), (1, -1), DARK_GRAY),
    ("VALIGN",        (0, 0), (-1, -1), "MIDDLE"),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0, 0), (-1, -1), [LIGHT_RED + colors.HexColor("#00000000"), CREAM]),
    ("GRID",          (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.5, colors.HexColor("#DDDDDD")),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("ROUNDEDCORNERS",(0, 0), (-1, -1), [4, 4, 4, 4]),
]))
story.append(t)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Boundaries Diagram ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Boundaries  (Diamond Shape)"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 8))
story.append(DiamondDiagram(w=400, h=330))
story.append(Paragraph("Fig 1. Boundaries of the popliteal fossa (diamond shape viewed from posterior)", SMALL))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))

# Boundaries table
bound_data = [
    ["Side", "Structures"],
    ["Superolaterally", "Biceps femoris"],
    ["Superomedially", "Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Gracilis, Sartorius, Adductor magnus"],
    ["Inferolaterally", "Lateral head of gastrocnemius + Plantaris"],
    ["Inferomedially", "Medial head of gastrocnemius"],
]
t2 = Table(bound_data, colWidths=[5*cm, 11.2*cm])
t2.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0, 0), (-1, 0), MAROON),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 0), (-1, 0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 0), (-1, 0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), 9),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0, 1), (-1, -1), [CREAM, LIGHT_RED]),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 1), (0, -1), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 1), (0, -1), DARK_RED),
    ("GRID",         (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.5, colors.HexColor("#DDDDDD")),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("VALIGN",       (0, 0), (-1, -1), "MIDDLE"),
]))
story.append(t2)
story.append(Spacer(1, 12))

# ── Roof & Floor ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Roof, Floor & Contents"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 8))
story.append(FloorRoofDiagram(w=440, h=190))
story.append(Paragraph("Fig 2. Cross-section schematic – Roof, contents, and floor of popliteal fossa", SMALL))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))

# Roof detail
story.append(Paragraph("Roof Details", H2))
roof_data = [
    ["Small saphenous vein"],
    ["Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (branches + terminal part)"],
    ["Posterior division of medial cutaneous nerve of thigh"],
    ["Peroneal (sural) communicating nerve"],
]
for row in roof_data:
    story.append(Paragraph(u"\u2022  " + row[0], BULLET))

story.append(Spacer(1, 6))
story.append(Paragraph("Floor Details (top to bottom)", H2))
floor_data = [
    ("a", "Popliteal surface of the femur"),
    ("b", "Capsule of knee joint + oblique popliteal ligament"),
    ("c", "Popliteus muscle covered by fascia"),
]
for letter, txt in floor_data:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>({letter})</b>  {txt}", BULLET))

story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Contents ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Contents of the Popliteal Fossa"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))
contents_data = [
    ["#", "Structure", "Note"],
    ["1", "Popliteal artery + branches", "Deepest structure; continuation of femoral artery"],
    ["2", "Popliteal vein + tributaries", "Anterior to tibial nerve"],
    ["3", "Tibial nerve + branches", "Most superficial of the three"],
    ["4", "Common peroneal nerve + branches", "Oblique path: superior angle → lateral angle"],
    ["5", "Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh", "Sensory to posterior skin"],
    ["6", "Genicular branch of obturator nerve", "Small articular branch"],
    ["7", "Popliteal lymph nodes", "Drain the deep leg and knee"],
    ["8", "Fat", "Surrounds and supports all above structures"],
]
t3 = Table(contents_data, colWidths=[0.8*cm, 6*cm, 9.4*cm])
t3.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0, 0), (-1, 0), TEAL),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 0), (-1, 0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 0), (-1, 0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8.5),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0, 1), (-1, -1), [CREAM, colors.HexColor("#EAF4F6")]),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 1), (1, -1), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 1), (0, -1), TEAL),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (1, 1), (1, -1), DARK_GRAY),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (2, 1), (2, -1), MED_GRAY),
    ("GRID",         (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.4, colors.HexColor("#CCCCCC")),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0, 0), (-1, -1), 4),
    ("VALIGN",       (0, 0), (-1, -1), "MIDDLE"),
    ("ALIGN",        (0, 0), (0, -1), "CENTER"),
]))
story.append(t3)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── NVA Arrangement ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Neurovascular Arrangement"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 8))
story.append(NVADiagram(w=450, h=310))
story.append(Paragraph("Fig 3. Arrangement of nerve (N), vein (V), and artery (A) at three levels in the popliteal fossa", SMALL))
story.append(Spacer(1, 8))

# Key rule note
note_data = [["Key Rule: Tibial nerve is most superficial; popliteal artery is deepest.\nArtery is crossed posteriorly by vein and then nerve."]]
t_note = Table(note_data, colWidths=[16.2*cm])
t_note.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), LIGHT_GOLD),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 0), (-1, -1), DARK_GRAY),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), "Helvetica-BoldOblique"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), 9),
    ("BOX",          (0, 0), (-1, -1), 1.5, GOLD),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 10),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
]))
story.append(t_note)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Popliteal Artery ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Popliteal Artery"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))

art_data = [
    ["Property", "Detail"],
    ["Origin", "Continuation of the femoral artery"],
    ["Beginning", "Opening of adductor magnus (hiatus) – junction of middle 1/3 and lower 1/3 of thigh"],
    ["Course", "Downwards and slightly laterally through the fossa"],
    ["Termination", "Lower border of popliteus – divides into anterior and posterior tibial arteries"],
    ["Position", "Deepest structure in popliteal fossa (deepest to vein and nerve)"],
]
t4 = Table(art_data, colWidths=[4.5*cm, 11.7*cm])
t4.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0, 0), (-1, 0), DARK_RED),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 0), (-1, 0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 0), (-1, 0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), 9),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0, 1), (-1, -1), [CREAM, LIGHT_RED]),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 1), (0, -1), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 1), (0, -1), DARK_RED),
    ("GRID",         (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.4, colors.HexColor("#DDDDDD")),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0, 0), (-1, -1), 5),
    ("VALIGN",       (0, 0), (-1, -1), "MIDDLE"),
]))
story.append(t4)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Surface Landmarks ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(SectionHeader("Surface Landmarks"))
story.append(Spacer(1, 6))

landmarks = [
    ("1", "Lateral & medial condyles", "Femur and tibia – felt on sides and front of knee"),
    ("2", "Head of fibula", "Bony prominence below posterolateral aspect of lateral condyle of tibia"),
    ("3", "Common peroneal nerve", "Palpated against posterolateral neck of fibula, medial to biceps femoris tendon"),
    ("4", "Fibular collateral ligament", "Rounded cord just above head of fibula in flexed knee"),
    ("5", "Hamstrings", "Semitendinosus (rounded, superficial) over flat semimembranosus; biceps femoris laterally"),
    ("6", "Popliteal artery pulse", "Deep pressure in middle of fossa"),
    ("7", "Gastrocnemius heads", "Two rounded cushions in lower fossa, merge into calf inferiorly"),
]
lm_data = [["#", "Landmark", "How to Identify"]] + [[n, b, d] for n, b, d in landmarks]
t5 = Table(lm_data, colWidths=[0.7*cm, 5.5*cm, 10*cm])
t5.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0, 0), (-1, 0), BLUE_GRAY),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 0), (-1, 0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 0), (-1, 0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0, 0), (-1, -1), 8.5),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0, 1), (-1, -1), [CREAM, colors.HexColor("#EEF2FF")]),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0, 1), (1, -1), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0, 1), (0, -1), BLUE_GRAY),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (1, 1), (1, -1), DARK_GRAY),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (2, 1), (2, -1), MED_GRAY),
    ("GRID",         (0, 0), (-1, -1), 0.4, colors.HexColor("#CCCCCC")),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0, 0), (-1, -1), 6),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0, 0), (-1, -1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0, 0), (-1, -1), 4),
    ("VALIGN",       (0, 0), (-1, -1), "MIDDLE"),
    ("ALIGN",        (0, 0), (0, -1), "CENTER"),
]))
story.append(t5)
story.append(Spacer(1, 12))

# ── Footer ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=MAROON, spaceAfter=6))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "Source: Human Anatomy – Lower Limb, Abdomen and Pelvis, Chapter 6, pp. 87–89  |  Quick Reference Notes",
    SMALL))

# ─── Build ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc.build(story)
print("PDF generated:", OUTPUT)

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/popliteal-fossa/generate_pdf.py'