Prompt to Generate an MBBS Pharmacology PowerPoint Presentation Create a professional, visually appealing, MBBS-level PowerPoint presentation on the topic: [Insert Pharmacology Topic] Requirements: - The presentation should contain 12–18 slides. - Follow the standard medical presentation format: 1. Title Slide 2. Learning Objectives 3. Introduction 4. Definition 5. Classification 6. Mechanism of Action 7. Pharmacological Actions 8. Pharmacokinetics 9. Therapeutic Uses 10. Adverse Effects 11. Contraindications 12. Drug Interactions 13. Important Drugs with Examples 14. Clinical Pearls 15. Summary 16. References (KD Tripathi latest edition) Design Requirements - Use a clean medical theme (blue, white and teal). - Include relevant medical icons and high-quality illustrations. - Highlight important exam points using colored boxes. - Use bold keywords and concise bullet points. - Avoid long paragraphs. - Ensure each slide is easy to explain within 1–2 minutes. Visual Elements (Must Include) Include throughout the presentation: - Flowcharts - Mind maps - Tables - Comparison charts - Infographics - Mechanism diagrams - Drug classification trees - Clinical algorithm flowcharts - Memory tricks (Mnemonics) - Summary boxes - High-yield exam pearls - Important keywords highlighted in different colors Diagrams Generate neat, labeled diagrams wherever applicable, such as: - Receptor signaling pathways - Mechanism of action - Drug metabolism pathways - Pharmacokinetic cycle (ADME) - Disease pathway before and after drug action - Clinical decision algorithms Flowcharts Create easy-to-understand flowcharts for: - Drug classification - Mechanism of action - Therapeutic approach - Treatment algorithm - Adverse effect management Mind Maps Include colorful mind maps summarizing: - Entire topic - Drug classes - Uses - Adverse effects - Important drugs - Revision at the end Tables Prepare comparison tables for: - Drug classes - Advantages vs disadvantages - Pharmacokinetic differences - Clinical indications - Side-effect profiles Highlight Important Points Clearly mark: - ⭐ Frequently Asked MBBS Questions - ⭐ Viva Questions - ⭐ University Exam Points - ⭐ NEET PG High-Yield Facts - ⭐ Mnemonics - ⭐ One-liner Revision Notes References Use KD Tripathi's Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (latest edition) as the primary reference. Supplement only with standard pharmacology references if necessary. Output Format - Generate directly as a .pptx PowerPoint presentation. - Use editable SmartArt, flowcharts, icons, and diagrams (not screenshots). - Maintain consistent fonts, colors, and formatting. - Ensure the presentation is suitable for MBBS seminars, viva, and university examinations.
ls -la /home/daytona/workspace/ 2>/dev/null | head -20
mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/antidepressants-pptx && node --version && ls /home/daytona/skills/pptx/
~/antidepressants-pptx/build.js
const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");
const pres = new pptxgen();
pres.layout = "LAYOUT_WIDE"; // 13.3" x 7.5"
pres.title = "Antidepressant and Antianxiety Drugs";
pres.author = "MBBS Pharmacology";
// ── MASTER COLOUR PALETTE ──
const C = {
navyDark: "0A2240",
navyMid: "0D3B6E",
teal: "0B7A8C",
tealLight: "13A5BB",
white: "FFFFFF",
offWhite: "F0F6FC",
gold: "F5A623",
red: "C0392B",
green: "1A7A4A",
purp: "6C3483",
sky: "D0EEF8",
mint: "D4EFDF",
peach: "FDEBD0",
lightGray: "E8EFF5",
darkText: "1A2030",
amber: "E67E22",
pink: "CB4335",
};
// ── HELPERS ──
function slideHeader(slide, title, subtitle) {
// Dark top bar
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 0.9,
fill: { color: C.navyDark }
});
slide.addText(title, {
x: 0.35, y: 0, w: 11.5, h: 0.9, margin: 0,
fontSize: 22, bold: true, color: C.white, valign: "middle"
});
if (subtitle) {
slide.addText(subtitle, {
x: 0.35, y: 0.62, w: 11.5, h: 0.32, margin: 0,
fontSize: 11, color: C.tealLight, italic: true
});
}
// Accent bar
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: 0, y: 0.9, w: 13.3, h: 0.06,
fill: { color: C.teal }
});
// Footer
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: 0, y: 7.3, w: 13.3, h: 0.2,
fill: { color: C.navyMid }
});
slide.addText("KD Tripathi – Essentials of Medical Pharmacology | Chapter 33 | MBBS Pharmacology", {
x: 0, y: 7.3, w: 13.3, h: 0.2, margin: 2,
fontSize: 7, color: C.tealLight, align: "center"
});
}
function highlightBox(slide, x, y, w, h, text, bgColor, textColor, fontSize) {
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
x, y, w, h,
fill: { color: bgColor },
line: { color: bgColor, width: 0 },
rectRadius: 0.08
});
slide.addText(text, {
x, y, w, h, margin: 6,
fontSize: fontSize || 11, color: textColor || C.white,
bold: true, valign: "middle", align: "center", wrap: true
});
}
function sectionBox(slide, x, y, w, h, heading, bullets, headColor, bgColor, bulletColor) {
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x, y, w, h,
fill: { color: bgColor || C.offWhite },
line: { color: headColor || C.teal, width: 1.5 }
});
// Heading strip
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x, y, w, h: 0.34,
fill: { color: headColor || C.teal }
});
slide.addText(heading, {
x, y, w, h: 0.34, margin: 6,
fontSize: 12, bold: true, color: C.white, valign: "middle"
});
// Bullets
const items = bullets.map((b, i) => ({
text: b,
options: { bullet: true, breakLine: i < bullets.length - 1, fontSize: 10.5, color: bulletColor || C.darkText }
}));
slide.addText(items, { x: x + 0.05, y: y + 0.37, w: w - 0.1, h: h - 0.42, margin: 4, valign: "top" });
}
function pearl(slide, x, y, w, h, emoji, text) {
slide.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
x, y, w, h,
fill: { color: "FFF9E6" },
line: { color: C.gold, width: 1.5 },
rectRadius: 0.1
});
slide.addText(emoji + " " + text, {
x: x + 0.08, y, w: w - 0.16, h, margin: 5,
fontSize: 10.5, color: C.navyDark, bold: false, valign: "middle", wrap: true
});
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 1 – TITLE SLIDE
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.navyDark } });
// Decorative arcs
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: -1.5, y: -1.5, w: 6, h: 6, fill: { color: C.navyMid }, line: { color: C.navyMid } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 9.5, y: 3.5, w: 5, h: 5, fill: { color: C.teal }, line: { color: C.teal } });
// Teal accent bar
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 1.5, y: 2.1, w: 0.12, h: 3.5, fill: { color: C.tealLight } });
// Main title
sl.addText("ANTIDEPRESSANT &", {
x: 1.9, y: 1.6, w: 10, h: 0.9, fontSize: 40, bold: true, color: C.white, fontFace: "Calibri"
});
sl.addText("ANTIANXIETY DRUGS", {
x: 1.9, y: 2.4, w: 10, h: 0.9, fontSize: 40, bold: true, color: C.tealLight, fontFace: "Calibri"
});
sl.addText("Chapter 33 | Drugs Used in Mental Illness", {
x: 1.9, y: 3.35, w: 9, h: 0.5, fontSize: 16, color: C.gold, italic: true
});
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 1.9, y: 4.0, w: 8.5, h: 0.04, fill: { color: C.tealLight } });
sl.addText("MBBS Pharmacology | Section 7: CNS Drugs", {
x: 1.9, y: 4.1, w: 8.5, h: 0.4, fontSize: 13, color: C.offWhite
});
sl.addText("Reference: KD Tripathi – Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (8th Ed.)", {
x: 1.9, y: 4.6, w: 8.5, h: 0.35, fontSize: 11, color: C.tealLight, italic: true
});
// Tag boxes at bottom
const tags = ["Depression", "Anxiety", "SSRIs", "TCAs", "SNRIs", "MAOIs", "Atypical"];
tags.forEach((t, i) => {
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
x: 1.9 + i * 1.6, y: 5.6, w: 1.5, h: 0.38,
fill: { color: C.teal }, rectRadius: 0.07
});
sl.addText(t, { x: 1.9 + i * 1.6, y: 5.6, w: 1.5, h: 0.38, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
});
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 2 – LEARNING OBJECTIVES
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Learning Objectives", "By the end of this session, you will be able to:");
const objs = [
["01", "Define depression & anxiety; describe the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression"],
["02", "Classify antidepressants and antianxiety drugs with examples (KD Tripathi)"],
["03", "Explain mechanism of action of TCAs, SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs and atypical agents"],
["04", "Describe pharmacokinetics (ADME) of major antidepressant classes"],
["05", "List therapeutic uses, adverse effects & contraindications"],
["06", "Identify important drug interactions and manage adverse effects"],
["07", "Apply clinical pearls for MBBS viva, university & NEET PG examinations"],
];
objs.forEach(([num, text], i) => {
const col = i % 2 === 0 ? C.teal : C.navyMid;
const x = i < 4 ? 0.4 : 6.8;
const baseY = i < 4 ? 1.1 + i * 1.3 : 1.1 + (i - 4) * 1.3;
// For 7 items we do 4 on left, 3 on right
const yL = [1.1, 2.4, 3.7, 5.0];
const yR = [1.1, 2.4, 3.7];
const yPos = i < 4 ? yL[i] : yR[i - 4];
const xPos = i < 4 ? 0.4 : 6.8;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: xPos, y: yPos, w: 0.52, h: 0.52, fill: { color: col } });
sl.addText(num, { x: xPos, y: yPos, w: 0.52, h: 0.52, fontSize: 16, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, {
x: xPos + 0.55, y: yPos, w: 5.7, h: 0.52,
fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: col, width: 1 }
});
sl.addText(text, {
x: xPos + 0.6, y: yPos, w: 5.6, h: 0.52, margin: 4,
fontSize: 10.5, color: C.darkText, valign: "middle"
});
});
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 3 – INTRODUCTION
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Introduction – Affective Disorders & Depression");
// Left column – intro text
sectionBox(sl, 0.3, 1.1, 5.8, 2.7, "What is Major Depression?", [
"Pathological change in mood state (affective disorder)",
"Sad mood, loss of interest/pleasure, low energy",
"Worthlessness, guilt, psychomotor retardation or agitation",
"Change in appetite, sleep, suicidal thoughts",
"May be UNIPOLAR or BIPOLAR cyclic disorder",
], C.navyMid, C.white + "10");
sectionBox(sl, 6.4, 1.1, 6.6, 2.7, "What is Pathological Anxiety?", [
"Excessive, persistent, uncontrollable worry or fear",
"GAD, Panic Disorder, Social Phobia, OCD, PTSD",
"Anxiety and depression are the leading psychiatric disorders",
"May co-exist: anxiety can lead to depression and vice versa",
], C.teal, C.sky + "40");
// Monoaminergic hypothesis box
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 3.95, w: 12.7, h: 0.36, fill: { color: C.navyMid } });
sl.addText("⭐ MONOAMINERGIC HYPOTHESIS OF DEPRESSION (High-Yield)", {
x: 0.3, y: 3.95, w: 12.7, h: 0.36, margin: 5,
fontSize: 12, bold: true, color: C.gold, align: "center", valign: "middle"
});
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 4.31, w: 12.7, h: 1.55, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.navyMid, width: 1 } });
const hyp = [
{ text: "Monoaminergic: ", options: { bold: true, color: C.teal, fontSize: 11, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Depression caused by ↓ noradrenergic (NA) and/or serotonergic (5-HT) transmission in cortical & limbic areas. Supported by reserpine-induced depression. ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11, breakLine: true } },
{ text: "Neurotrophic: ", options: { bold: true, color: C.purp, fontSize: 11, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Depression associated with ↓ BDNF. Antidepressants promote NGF elaboration → axonal/dendritic growth → improved synaptic plasticity. ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11, breakLine: true } },
{ text: "Key insight: ", options: { bold: true, color: C.amber, fontSize: 11, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Uptake blockade is rapid BUT antidepressant effect takes 2–3 weeks → desensitisation of presynaptic α₂ & 5-HT₁A autoreceptors is the actual trigger.", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
];
sl.addText(hyp, { x: 0.5, y: 4.38, w: 12.3, h: 1.44, margin: 5, valign: "top" });
// Exam pearl
pearl(sl, 0.3, 5.95, 12.7, 0.65,
"⭐",
"VIVA PEARL: Why does antidepressant effect lag behind uptake blockade? → Because time is needed for desensitisation of presynaptic autoreceptors (α₂ and 5-HT₁A), allowing increased NA/5-HT firing. This takes 2–3 weeks.");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 4 – DEFINITION
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Definition & Overview");
// Definition cards
const defs = [
{ title: "Antidepressants", color: C.navyMid, text: "Drugs that can elevate mood in depressive illness. Practically all affect monoaminergic transmission in the brain – either by inhibiting reuptake of NA and/or 5-HT, or inhibiting their enzymatic degradation (MAO)." },
{ title: "Antianxiety Drugs (Anxiolytics)", color: C.teal, text: "Drugs that relieve anxiety without causing significant sedation or sleep. Include benzodiazepines (BZDs), buspirone, SSRIs, SNRIs and beta-blockers for situational anxiety." },
{ title: "Affective Disorder", color: C.purp, text: "Pathological change in mood state. Includes: (a) Unipolar depression (recurrent low mood), (b) Bipolar disorder (cycles of mania and depression), (c) Dysthymia (chronic mild depression)." },
];
defs.forEach((d, i) => {
const x = 0.4 + i * 4.25;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.15, w: 4.0, h: 0.5, fill: { color: d.color } });
sl.addText(d.title, { x, y: 1.15, w: 4.0, h: 0.5, fontSize: 13, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.65, w: 4.0, h: 2.1, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: d.color, width: 1.5 } });
sl.addText(d.text, { x: x + 0.08, y: 1.7, w: 3.84, h: 2.0, fontSize: 10.5, color: C.darkText, valign: "top", wrap: true, margin: 4 });
});
// Key facts row
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.4, y: 3.95, w: 12.5, h: 0.36, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addText("KEY FACTS – EPIDEMIOLOGY & DRUG CLASS OVERVIEW", {
x: 0.4, y: 3.95, w: 12.5, h: 0.36, fontSize: 12, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 4
});
const facts = [
["~300 million", "People affected by depression worldwide"],
["2–3 weeks", "Lag period for antidepressant action"],
["1st line", "SSRIs are now 1st line antidepressants"],
["5 classes", "TCAs, SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, Atypical"],
["1958", "Imipramine (1st TCA) discovered"],
["1987", "Fluoxetine (1st SSRI) introduced"],
];
facts.forEach(([val, label], i) => {
const x = 0.4 + i * 2.1;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 4.31, w: 2.0, h: 0.6, fill: { color: C.navyDark } });
sl.addText(val, { x, y: 4.31, w: 2.0, h: 0.6, fontSize: 14, bold: true, color: C.gold, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 4.91, w: 2.0, h: 0.5, fill: { color: C.lightGray } });
sl.addText(label, { x, y: 4.91, w: 2.0, h: 0.5, fontSize: 9, color: C.darkText, align: "center", valign: "middle", wrap: true });
});
pearl(sl, 0.4, 5.55, 12.5, 0.65,
"⭐",
"MNEMONICS: Types of depression = 'UAB' – Unipolar, Atypical, Bipolar. Antidepressants do NOT cause euphoria in normal individuals – they only elevate depressed mood (not stimulants).");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 5 – CLASSIFICATION (Drug Tree)
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: "EBF5FB" } });
slideHeader(sl, "Classification of Antidepressants", "KD Tripathi Chapter 33 – Complete Drug Tree");
// Root box
highlightBox(sl, 5.3, 1.05, 2.7, 0.48, "ANTIDEPRESSANTS", C.navyDark, C.white, 12);
// Draw lines and class boxes
// Class 1 – RIMAs (far left)
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 5.3, y: 1.29, w: -3.2, h: 0, line: { color: C.navyMid, width: 1.2 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 2.1, y: 1.29, w: 0, h: 0.5, line: { color: C.navyMid, width: 1.2 } });
highlightBox(sl, 0.4, 1.79, 3.4, 0.48, "Reversible MAO-A Inhibitors (RIMAs)", C.navyMid, C.white, 10);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.4, y: 2.27, w: 3.4, h: 0.9, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.navyMid, width: 1 } });
sl.addText([
{ text: "Moclobemide", options: { bold: true, color: C.teal, breakLine: true, fontSize: 10 } },
{ text: "Clorgyline", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 10 } }
], { x: 0.5, y: 2.3, w: 3.2, h: 0.8, margin: 3 });
// Class 2 – TCAs
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 5.3, y: 1.29, w: -1.2, h: 0, line: { color: C.teal, width: 1.2 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 4.1, y: 1.29, w: 0, h: 0.5, line: { color: C.teal, width: 1.2 } });
highlightBox(sl, 2.8, 1.79, 2.6, 0.48, "Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)", C.teal, C.white, 10);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 2.8, y: 2.27, w: 2.6, h: 2.4, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.teal, width: 1 } });
sl.addText([
{ text: "NA+5-HT reuptake inhibitors:", options: { bold: true, color: C.teal, breakLine: true, fontSize: 9.5 } },
{ text: "Imipramine, Amitriptyline,\nTrimipramine, Doxepin,\nDothiepin, Clomipramine", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: true } },
{ text: "\nPredominantly NA inhibitors:", options: { bold: true, color: C.navyMid, breakLine: true, fontSize: 9.5 } },
{ text: "Desipramine, Nortriptyline,\nReboxetine", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5 } },
], { x: 2.9, y: 2.3, w: 2.4, h: 2.3, margin: 3 });
// Class 3 – SSRIs (centre-right)
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 8.0, y: 1.29, w: 0.55, h: 0, line: { color: C.green, width: 1.2 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 8.55, y: 1.29, w: 0, h: 0.5, line: { color: C.green, width: 1.2 } });
highlightBox(sl, 7.3, 1.79, 2.6, 0.48, "SSRIs (2nd Gen)", C.green, C.white, 10);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 7.3, y: 2.27, w: 2.6, h: 2.2, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.green, width: 1 } });
sl.addText([
{ text: "Fluoxetine\n", options: { bold: true, color: C.green, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Fluvoxamine\n", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Paroxetine\n", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Sertraline\n", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Citalopram\n", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Escitalopram\n", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5, breakLine: false } },
{ text: "Dapoxetine", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 9.5 } },
], { x: 7.4, y: 2.3, w: 2.4, h: 2.1, margin: 3 });
// Class 4 – SNRIs
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 8.0, y: 1.29, w: 2.2, h: 0, line: { color: C.amber, width: 1.2 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 10.2, y: 1.29, w: 0, h: 0.5, line: { color: C.amber, width: 1.2 } });
highlightBox(sl, 9.6, 1.79, 2.6, 0.48, "SNRIs (2nd Gen)", C.amber, C.white, 10);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 9.6, y: 2.27, w: 2.6, h: 1.1, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.amber, width: 1 } });
sl.addText("Venlafaxine\nDesvenlafaxine\nDuloxetine", {
x: 9.7, y: 2.3, w: 2.4, h: 1.0, margin: 3, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.darkText
});
// Class 5 – Atypical
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 8.0, y: 1.29, w: 3.7, h: 0, line: { color: C.purp, width: 1.2 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.line, { x: 11.7, y: 1.29, w: 0, h: 0.5, line: { color: C.purp, width: 1.2 } });
highlightBox(sl, 10.8, 1.79, 2.15, 0.48, "Atypical Agents", C.purp, C.white, 10);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 10.8, y: 2.27, w: 2.15, h: 2.2, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.purp, width: 1 } });
sl.addText("Trazodone\nMianserin\nMirtazapine\nBupropion\nAmoxapine\nTianeptine\nAmineptine", {
x: 10.9, y: 2.3, w: 1.95, h: 2.1, margin: 3, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.darkText
});
// Mnemonic
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, {
x: 0.4, y: 5.05, w: 12.5, h: 0.65,
fill: { color: "FFFDE7" }, line: { color: C.gold, width: 1.5 }, rectRadius: 0.08
});
sl.addText([
{ text: "⭐ MNEMONIC – SSRIs: ", options: { bold: true, color: C.navyDark, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: '"', options: { color: C.navyDark, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "F", options: { bold: true, color: C.red, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "luoxetine, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "F", options: { bold: true, color: C.teal, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "luvoxamine, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "P", options: { bold: true, color: C.navyMid, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "aroxetine, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "S", options: { bold: true, color: C.green, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "ertraline, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "C", options: { bold: true, color: C.amber, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "italopram, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "E", options: { bold: true, color: C.purp, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "scitalopram, ", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "D", options: { bold: true, color: C.pink, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: 'apoxetine" → ', options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: " 'Five Pretty Sexy CEDs' ", options: { bold: true, italic: true, color: C.teal, fontSize: 11 } },
], { x: 0.55, y: 5.05, w: 12.2, h: 0.65, margin: 5, valign: "middle" });
// Bottom note on antianxiety
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.4, y: 5.8, w: 12.5, h: 0.06, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.4, y: 5.86, w: 12.5, h: 0.8, fill: { color: C.sky } });
sl.addText([
{ text: "ANTIANXIETY DRUGS: ", options: { bold: true, color: C.navyDark, fontSize: 11 } },
{ text: "BZDs (Alprazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam) | Buspirone (5-HT₁A partial agonist) | SSRIs/SNRIs (1st line for GAD/panic) | Beta-blockers (situational anxiety) | Hydroxyzine | Pregabalin", options: { color: C.darkText, fontSize: 11 } },
], { x: 0.55, y: 5.9, w: 12.2, h: 0.7, margin: 4, valign: "middle" });
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 6 – MECHANISM OF ACTION
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Mechanism of Action", "Serotonergic Synapse & Sites of Action");
// Left: Mechanism diagram (text-art style boxes)
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 1.1, w: 5.5, h: 5.8, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: C.teal, width: 1.5 } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 1.1, w: 5.5, h: 0.38, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addText("SEROTONERGIC SYNAPSE – SITES OF DRUG ACTION", {
x: 0.3, y: 1.1, w: 5.5, h: 0.38, fontSize: 10, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 3
});
// Pre-synaptic neuron
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 1.2, y: 1.65, w: 3.7, h: 2.1, fill: { color: "FEF9E7" }, line: { color: C.amber, width: 1.5 } });
sl.addText("PRE-SYNAPTIC NEURON\n(Serotonergic)", { x: 1.2, y: 1.65, w: 3.7, h: 0.5, fontSize: 9, bold: true, color: C.amber, align: "center", valign: "top" });
// Tryptophan → 5-HTP → 5-HT
sl.addText("TP → 5-HTP → 5-HT\n(Hydroxylase → Decarboxylase)", {
x: 1.3, y: 2.1, w: 3.5, h: 0.6, fontSize: 8.5, color: C.navyDark, align: "center", italic: true
});
// VMAT-2 vesicles
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 1.8, y: 2.65, w: 0.35, h: 0.35, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 2.2, y: 2.65, w: 0.35, h: 0.35, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 2.6, y: 2.65, w: 0.35, h: 0.35, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addText("5-HT vesicles (VMAT-2)", { x: 1.6, y: 3.02, w: 2.9, h: 0.3, fontSize: 8, color: C.teal, align: "center" });
// MAO label inside
highlightBox(sl, 1.7, 3.35, 0.85, 0.28, "MAO", C.red, C.white, 8);
sl.addText("Degradation\nsite", { x: 1.58, y: 3.63, w: 1.1, h: 0.35, fontSize: 7.5, color: C.red, align: "center" });
// MAOI label
highlightBox(sl, 3.0, 3.35, 0.85, 0.28, "MAOI ⊖", C.navyMid, C.white, 8);
// Synaptic cleft
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 1.0, y: 3.75, w: 4.2, h: 0.3, fill: { color: "D5F5E3" }, line: { color: C.green, width: 1 } });
sl.addText("SYNAPTIC CLEFT – 5-HT", { x: 1.0, y: 3.75, w: 4.2, h: 0.3, fontSize: 8.5, color: C.green, align: "center", valign: "middle", bold: true });
// SERT transporter
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 1.5, y: 3.55, w: 0.6, h: 0.55, fill: { color: C.navyDark }, line: { color: C.white, width: 1 } });
sl.addText("SERT", { x: 1.5, y: 3.55, w: 0.6, h: 0.55, fontSize: 7.5, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", bold: true });
// SSRI/TCA/SNRI label on SERT
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x: 0.35, y: 3.48, w: 1.1, h: 0.38, fill: { color: C.sky }, line: { color: C.teal, width: 1 }, rectRadius: 0.05 });
sl.addText("SSRI/TCA/SNRI ⊖ SERT", { x: 0.35, y: 3.48, w: 1.1, h: 0.38, fontSize: 7, color: C.navyDark, bold: true, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
// Post-synaptic neuron
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.roundRect, { x: 1.0, y: 4.05, w: 4.2, h: 0.7, fill: { color: C.lightGray }, rectRadius: 0.1 });
sl.addText("POST-SYNAPTIC NEURON | 5-HT₁R, 5-HT₂R", {
x: 1.0, y: 4.05, w: 4.2, h: 0.7, fontSize: 9, bold: true, color: C.navyDark, align: "center", valign: "middle"
});
// Pre-synaptic autoreceptor
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.ellipse, { x: 3.7, y: 3.5, w: 0.5, h: 0.4, fill: { color: C.amber }, line: { color: C.amber } });
sl.addText("α₂/5-HT₁A\nauto-R", { x: 3.5, y: 3.3, w: 1.0, h: 0.55, fontSize: 7, color: C.amber, align: "center" });
// Right: 4 class mechanism boxes
const mechs = [
{ class: "TCAs", color: C.teal, moa: "Block NET (norepinephrine transporter) + SERT → ↑ NA & 5-HT in synapse. Also block muscarinic, α₁, H₁ receptors (side effects)." },
{ class: "SSRIs", color: C.green, moa: "Selectively block SERT → ↑ 5-HT in synapse. No action on cholinergic, adrenergic, histaminergic receptors (fewer side effects)." },
{ class: "SNRIs", color: C.amber, moa: "Block both SERT and NET → ↑ 5-HT + NA. No direct action on adrenergic/cholinergic receptors unlike TCAs." },
{ class: "MAOIs / RIMAs", color: C.navyMid, moa: "Inhibit MAO enzyme (degrades NA, 5-HT, DA) → ↑ monoamine levels. RIMAs (Moclobemide) reversibly inhibit MAO-A only." },
{ class: "Mirtazapine (NaSSA)", color: C.purp, moa: "Blocks α₂ auto- and heteroreceptors → ↑ NA and 5-HT release. Also blocks 5-HT₂ and 5-HT₃ receptors (less nausea, no sexual dysfunction)." },
{ class: "Bupropion", color: C.red, moa: "Inhibits DA + NA reuptake (DAT + NET). Has excitant rather than sedative property. Used in smoking cessation." },
];
mechs.forEach((m, i) => {
const col = i % 2 === 0 ? 6.2 : 9.7;
const row = Math.floor(i / 2);
const y = 1.1 + row * 1.85;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: col, y, w: 3.2, h: 0.38, fill: { color: m.color } });
sl.addText(m.class, { x: col, y, w: 3.2, h: 0.38, fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 3 });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: col, y: y + 0.38, w: 3.2, h: 1.38, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: m.color, width: 1 } });
sl.addText(m.moa, { x: col + 0.06, y: y + 0.43, w: 3.08, h: 1.28, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.darkText, valign: "top", wrap: true, margin: 4 });
});
pearl(sl, 0.3, 6.95, 12.7, 0.3,
"⭐",
"EXAM PEARL: SSRIs/TCAs/SNRIs block SERT → rapid NA/5-HT ↑ in cleft. But antidepressant effect delayed 2–3 wks due to time needed for autoreceptor desensitisation (α₂, 5-HT₁A). [KD Tripathi, p.484]");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 7 – PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Pharmacological Actions of TCAs", "Imipramine as Prototype");
const systems = [
{ sys: "1. CNS", col: C.navyMid, bullets: [
"Normal individuals: tiredness, light-headedness, unsteady gait, anxiety – NOT euphoria",
"Depressed patients: little acute effect; after 2–3 weeks → gradual mood elevation",
"Suppresses REM sleep → fewer awakenings",
"Lowers seizure threshold (except Desipramine); Clomipramine/Bupropion = highest risk"
]},
{ sys: "2. ANS", col: C.teal, bullets: [
"Potent anticholinergic: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention",
"Potentiate exogenous & endogenous NA (block NA reuptake)",
"Weak α₁ adrenergic blocking action",
"Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Trimipramine: also have antihistamine (H₁) action"
]},
{ sys: "3. CVS", col: C.red, bullets: [
"Tachycardia: anticholinergic + NA potentiation",
"Postural hypotension: α₁ blockade + impaired CV reflexes",
"ECG changes: T-wave inversion/suppression",
"Arrhythmias in overdose (QRS widening) → ventricular arrhythmias → DANGER"
]},
{ sys: "Tolerance & Dependence", col: C.amber, bullets: [
"Anticholinergic & hypotensive effects: tolerance develops gradually",
"Antidepressant action: SUSTAINED (no tolerance)",
"Physical dependence rare; addiction does not occur",
"Gradual withdrawal recommended to avoid discontinuation syndrome"
]},
];
systems.forEach((s, i) => {
const x = i < 2 ? 0.3 : 6.8;
const y = i % 2 === 0 ? 1.1 : 3.9;
const w = 6.1;
sectionBox(sl, x, y, w, 2.65, s.sys, s.bullets, s.col, C.white + "05");
});
pearl(sl, 0.3, 6.95, 12.7, 0.3,
"⭐",
"VIVA: TCAs are NOT euphorics – they only elevate depressed mood. Amitriptyline = most sedating TCA. Imipramine = most cardiotoxic. Clomipramine = 1st choice for OCD among TCAs.");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 8 – PHARMACOKINETICS
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Pharmacokinetics of Antidepressants", "ADME – Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion");
// ADME boxes
const adme = [
{ letter: "A", title: "Absorption", color: C.teal, text: "Oral absorption of TCAs is good but often slow. SSRIs: well absorbed orally. MAOIs: well absorbed. First-pass effect significant for TCAs." },
{ letter: "D", title: "Distribution", color: C.navyMid, text: "TCAs: highly protein-bound (plasma + tissue), large Vd (~20 L/kg). SSRIs: also widely distributed. Fluoxetine: highest Vd." },
{ letter: "M", title: "Metabolism", color: C.amber, text: "TCAs: extensively metabolised in liver (CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP1A2). Imipramine → Desipramine; Amitriptyline → Nortriptyline (active). SSRIs inhibit CYP2D6 and CYP3A4." },
{ letter: "E", title: "Excretion", color: C.green, text: "Metabolites excreted in urine over 1–2 weeks. Plasma t½: Imipramine/Amitriptyline/Doxepin = 16–24 h. Fluoxetine = 2 days (active metabolite t½ = 7–10 days). Sertraline = 26 h." },
];
adme.forEach((a, i) => {
const x = 0.3 + i * 3.15;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.1, w: 3.0, h: 0.65, fill: { color: a.color } });
sl.addText(a.letter, { x, y: 1.1, w: 0.65, h: 0.65, fontSize: 26, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addText(a.title, { x: x + 0.65, y: 1.1, w: 2.35, h: 0.65, fontSize: 14, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.75, w: 3.0, h: 1.5, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: a.color, width: 1.5 } });
sl.addText(a.text, { x: x + 0.05, y: 1.8, w: 2.9, h: 1.4, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.darkText, valign: "top", wrap: true, margin: 4 });
});
// Half-life table
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 3.4, w: 12.7, h: 0.38, fill: { color: C.navyMid } });
sl.addText("PLASMA HALF-LIFE COMPARISON TABLE (High-Yield for Exams)", {
x: 0.3, y: 3.4, w: 12.7, h: 0.38, fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 4
});
const rows = [
["Drug", "Class", "t½ (hours)", "Active Metabolite", "Daily Dose (mg)"],
["Imipramine", "TCA", "16–24", "Desipramine", "50–200"],
["Amitriptyline", "TCA", "16–24", "Nortriptyline", "50–200"],
["Fluoxetine", "SSRI", "48 (2 days)", "Nor-fluoxetine (7–10 days)", "20–40"],
["Sertraline", "SSRI", "26", "Active metabolite", "50–150"],
["Escitalopram", "SSRI", "27–32", "None active", "10–20"],
["Venlafaxine", "SNRI", "5–11", "Desvenlafaxine", "75–150"],
["Duloxetine", "SNRI", "12", "None", "30–80"],
["Mirtazapine", "Atypical", "20–40", "None", "15–45"],
];
const colW = [2.5, 1.7, 2.0, 3.7, 2.3];
const colX = [0.3, 2.8, 4.5, 6.5, 10.2];
rows.forEach((row, ri) => {
const y = 3.78 + ri * 0.38;
const bg = ri === 0 ? C.teal : (ri % 2 === 0 ? C.lightGray : C.white);
const fc = ri === 0 ? C.white : C.darkText;
row.forEach((cell, ci) => {
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: colX[ci], y, w: colW[ci], h: 0.38, fill: { color: bg }, line: { color: "CCCCCC", width: 0.5 } });
sl.addText(cell, { x: colX[ci] + 0.05, y, w: colW[ci] - 0.1, h: 0.38, fontSize: ri === 0 ? 10 : 9, bold: ri === 0, color: fc, valign: "middle", margin: 3 });
});
});
pearl(sl, 0.3, 7.05, 12.7, 0.22,
"⭐",
"Therapeutic Window: TCAs (Imipramine, Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline) show optimal effect at 50–200 ng/ml plasma concentration. Below or above → inadequate or toxic effect.");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 9 – THERAPEUTIC USES
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Therapeutic Uses of Antidepressants", "Class-wise Clinical Indications");
const uses = [
{ class: "TCAs", color: C.teal, items: [
"Major depression (moderate-severe)",
"Panic disorder (Imipramine)",
"OCD – Clomipramine (1st choice TCA)",
"Nocturnal enuresis – Imipramine",
"Neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia",
"Attention deficit disorder",
"Migraine prophylaxis (Amitriptyline)"
]},
{ class: "SSRIs", color: C.green, items: [
"Depression – 1st LINE (all types)",
"OCD – 1st LINE (Fluvoxamine)",
"Panic disorder, Social phobia",
"GAD, PTSD – Sertraline, Paroxetine",
"Eating disorders (Fluoxetine)",
"PMDD – Citalopram, Fluoxetine",
"Premature ejaculation – Dapoxetine"
]},
{ class: "SNRIs", color: C.amber, items: [
"Major depression (1st/2nd line)",
"GAD, Social anxiety – Venlafaxine",
"Neuropathic pain, Fibromyalgia – Duloxetine",
"Diabetic peripheral neuropathy – Duloxetine",
"Stress urinary incontinence – Duloxetine",
"Menopausal hot flashes – Venlafaxine",
"Panic disorder – Venlafaxine"
]},
{ class: "Atypical / MAOIs", color: C.purp, items: [
"Smoking cessation – Bupropion",
"ADHD (off-label) – Bupropion",
"Atypical depression – MAOIs",
"Social phobia – Moclobemide (RIMA)",
"Insomnia + depression – Mirtazapine, Trazodone",
"Elderly/cardiac patients – Moclobemide"
]},
];
uses.forEach((u, i) => {
const x = 0.3 + (i % 2) * 6.5;
const y = i < 2 ? 1.1 : 4.15;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y, w: 6.1, h: 0.38, fill: { color: u.color } });
sl.addText(u.class, { x, y, w: 6.1, h: 0.38, fontSize: 12, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 3 });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: y + 0.38, w: 6.1, h: 2.5, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: u.color, width: 1 } });
const items = u.items.map((item, ii) => ({
text: item,
options: { bullet: { type: "bullet" }, breakLine: ii < u.items.length - 1, fontSize: 10, color: C.darkText }
}));
sl.addText(items, { x: x + 0.1, y: y + 0.42, w: 5.9, h: 2.4, margin: 4, valign: "top" });
});
pearl(sl, 0.3, 7.05, 12.7, 0.3,
"⭐",
"HIGH-YIELD: Clomipramine = BEST TCA for OCD | Fluoxetine = only antidepressant approved in children for OCD | Duloxetine = diabetic neuropathy + stress urinary incontinence | Bupropion = smoking cessation");
}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 10 – ADVERSE EFFECTS
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
const sl = pres.addSlide();
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 13.3, h: 7.5, fill: { color: C.offWhite } });
slideHeader(sl, "Adverse Effects", "Side Effect Profile Comparison");
// Shared adverse effects
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 1.1, w: 12.7, h: 0.36, fill: { color: C.navyMid } });
sl.addText("COMMON / SHARED ADVERSE EFFECTS", { x: 0.3, y: 1.1, w: 12.7, h: 0.36, fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 4 });
const common = [
{ label: "GI", text: "Nausea, vomiting, loose motions (especially SSRIs)", color: C.red },
{ label: "Sexual", text: "Delayed ejaculation, anorgasmia, decreased libido", color: C.purp },
{ label: "Weight", text: "↑ weight with TCAs, Mirtazapine, Trazodone; ↓ with Bupropion", color: C.amber },
{ label: "Switch", text: "Mania 'switch-over' in bipolar patients on any antidepressant", color: C.teal },
];
common.forEach((c, i) => {
const x = 0.3 + i * 3.2;
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.46, w: 3.1, h: 0.32, fill: { color: c.color } });
sl.addText(c.label, { x, y: 1.46, w: 3.1, h: 0.32, fontSize: 10, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x, y: 1.78, w: 3.1, h: 0.6, fill: { color: C.white }, line: { color: c.color, width: 1 } });
sl.addText(c.text, { x: x + 0.05, y: 1.82, w: 3.0, h: 0.53, fontSize: 9, color: C.darkText, valign: "middle", wrap: true, margin: 3 });
});
// Class-specific table
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 2.52, w: 12.7, h: 0.35, fill: { color: C.teal } });
sl.addText("CLASS-SPECIFIC ADVERSE EFFECTS", { x: 0.3, y: 2.52, w: 12.7, h: 0.35, fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 4 });
const aeRows = [
["Class", "Anticholinergic", "Sedation", "Cardiotoxic", "Seizure Risk", "Hypotension", "Special"],
["TCAs", "+++", "+++", "+++", "++", "++", "Arrhythmia in OD"],
["SSRIs", "−", "±", "−", "±", "−", "Serotonin syndrome"],
["SNRIs", "−/+", "+", "±", "−", "−", "↑ BP (Venlafaxine)"],
["MAOIs", "−", "±", "−", "−", "+", "Cheese reaction"],
["Mirtazapine", "±", "+++", "−", "−", "+", "Weight gain +++"],
["Bupropion", "−", "−", "−", "+++", "−", "No sexual SE"],
];
const aeColW = [2.2, 1.7, 1.5, 1.6, 1.5, 1.6, 2.3];
const aeColX = [0.3, 2.5, 4.2, 5.7, 7.3, 8.8, 10.4];
aeRows.forEach((row, ri) => {
const y = 2.87 + ri * 0.46;
const isHeader = ri === 0;
row.forEach((cell, ci) => {
const bg = isHeader ? C.navyDark : (ri % 2 === 0 ? C.white : C.lightGray);
const fc = isHeader ? C.white : (cell === "+++" ? C.red : cell === "−" ? C.green : C.darkText);
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: aeColX[ci], y, w: aeColW[ci], h: 0.46, fill: { color: bg }, line: { color: "CCCCCC", width: 0.5 } });
sl.addText(cell, { x: aeColX[ci] + 0.04, y, w: aeColW[ci] - 0.08, h: 0.46, fontSize: isHeader ? 9.5 : 9, bold: isHeader || cell === "+++" || cell === "−", color: fc, valign: "middle", align: ci === 0 ? "left" : "center", margin: 3 });
});
});
// Serotonin syndrome + TCA OD boxes
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 6.1, w: 6.1, h: 0.46, fill: { color: C.red } });
sl.addText("⚠ SEROTONIN SYNDROME", { x: 0.3, y: 6.1, w: 6.1, h: 0.46, fontSize: 11, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle", margin: 4 });
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.3, y: 6.56, w: 6.1, h: 0.65, fill: { color: "FDEDEC" }, line: { color: C.red, width: 1 } });
sl.addText("Agitation, restlessness, rigidity, hyperthermia, twitching → convulsions. Triggered when serotonergic drug (MAOIs, tramadol, pethidine) given to SSRI patient.", {
x: 0.4, y: 6.6, w: 5.9, h: 0.58, fontSize: 9.5, color: C.darkText, wrap: true, margin: 3
});
sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 6.7, y: 6.1, w: 6.3, h: 0.46, fill: { color: C.amber } });
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 11 – CONTRAINDICATIONS
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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"Angle-closure glaucoma (anticholinergic effect)",
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"Children < 7 years (except Fluoxetine for OCD)",
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"Active suicidality in young adults (monitor closely)",
"Platelet dysfunction / GI bleeding risk with NSAIDs",
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"Sympathomimetic amines (ephedrine, phenylephrine)",
"Pethidine – hyperthermia, convulsions, coma",
"SSRIs, TCAs – serotonin syndrome risk",
"Levodopa – hypertensive crisis",
"Diabetes mellitus (unpredictable BG effects)"
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{ class: "Bupropion", color: C.amber, items: [
"Epilepsy / seizure disorder (ABSOLUTE CI)",
"Eating disorders (anorexia/bulimia) – seizure risk",
"Bipolar disorder (risk of mania)",
"Abrupt alcohol/BZD withdrawal (seizure risk)",
"Concurrent MAOI use",
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 12 – DRUG INTERACTIONS
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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slideHeader(sl, "Drug Interactions", "Clinically Important Interactions – High-Yield");
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{ drug: "TCAs + Sympathomimetics\n(Ephedrine, local anaesthetics with adrenaline)", result: "↑ NA release → severe hypertension, arrhythmias", severity: "SEVERE", scolor: C.red },
{ drug: "TCAs + MAOIs", result: "Hyperpyrexia, convulsions, hypertensive crisis", severity: "SEVERE", scolor: C.red },
{ drug: "TCAs + CNS Depressants\n(Alcohol, antihistamines)", result: "Potentiation of sedation → respiratory depression", severity: "MODERATE", scolor: C.amber },
{ drug: "TCAs + Phenytoin/Carbamazepine", result: "Enzyme induction → ↓ TCA levels; also displaces from protein binding → transient toxicity", severity: "MODERATE", scolor: C.amber },
{ drug: "TCAs + Phenobarbitone", result: "Competitive inhibition of CYP → ↑ imipramine levels (phenobarbitone) OR enzyme induction → ↓ TCA levels", severity: "MODERATE", scolor: C.amber },
{ drug: "SSRIs + MAOIs", result: "SEROTONIN SYNDROME (agitation, rigidity, hyperthermia, convulsions) – potentially fatal", severity: "FATAL", scolor: C.red },
{ drug: "SSRIs + TCAs / Haloperidol / Clozapine", result: "SSRIs inhibit CYP2D6/3A4 → ↑ plasma levels of co-administered drug → toxicity", severity: "SEVERE", scolor: C.red },
{ drug: "SSRIs + NSAIDs / Warfarin", result: "↑ bleeding risk (platelet 5-HT depletion). GI bleed risk significantly ↑ with NSAIDs + SSRIs", severity: "MODERATE", scolor: C.amber },
{ drug: "MAOIs + Tyramine-rich foods\n(Cheese, yeast, pickled fish, red wine)", result: "CHEESE REACTION: severe hypertension, cerebrovascular accident", severity: "FATAL", scolor: C.red },
{ drug: "MAOIs + Pethidine / Tramadol", result: "Fever, excitation, delirium, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure", severity: "FATAL", scolor: C.red },
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 13 – IMPORTANT DRUGS WITH EXAMPLES
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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slideHeader(sl, "Important Drugs – Key Features & Examples", "NEET PG & MBBS Viva High-Yield Drug Profiles");
const drugs = [
{ name: "Imipramine", class: "TCA", color: C.teal, features: ["Prototype TCA | inhibits NA+5-HT reuptake", "Used: Major depression, Panic disorder, Nocturnal enuresis", "Most cardiotoxic TCA | Therapeutic window: 50–200 ng/ml", "Rx: DEPSONIL 25–75 mg SR"] },
{ name: "Amitriptyline", class: "TCA", color: C.navyMid, features: ["Most SEDATING TCA (H₁ blockade)", "Used: Depression with insomnia, Migraine prophylaxis, Neuropathic pain", "Highest anticholinergic among TCAs", "Rx: AMLINE, TRYPTOMER 10–75 mg"] },
{ name: "Clomipramine", class: "TCA", color: C.teal, features: ["BEST TCA for OCD", "Highest seizure-precipitating potential", "Also used: Panic disorder, Phobias", "Rx: CLOFRANIL, CLONIL 10–150 mg"] },
{ name: "Fluoxetine", class: "SSRI", color: C.green, features: ["1st SSRI introduced | Longest acting (t½ 2 days; metabolite 7–10 days)", "APPROVED in children (≥7 yr) for OCD", "Used: Depression, OCD, Bulimia, Panic, PMDD", "Rx: FLUDAC, FLUPAR 20–40 mg"] },
{ name: "Sertraline", class: "SSRI", color: C.green, features: ["1st choice in PTSD, GAD, Juvenile depression", "Fewest CYP interactions among SSRIs", "Active metabolite; t½ 26 h", "Rx: SERLIN, SERTIL 50–100 mg"] },
{ name: "Duloxetine", class: "SNRI", color: C.amber, features: ["SNRI – mildly sedating, anticholinergic effects", "Used: Depression, Diabetic neuropathy, Fibromyalgia, Stress UI", "Raises BP at high doses", "Rx: CYMBALTA, DULANE 20–60 mg"] },
{ name: "Mirtazapine", class: "NaSSA", color: C.purp, features: ["Blocks α₂ auto+heteroreceptors → ↑ NA+5-HT", "NO sexual dysfunction, NO nausea (5-HT₃ blockade)", "Weight gain + sedation (H₁ blockade)", "Rx: MIRT, MIRTAZ 15–45 mg"] },
{ name: "Bupropion", class: "NDRI", color: C.red, features: ["DA + NA reuptake inhibitor (excitant, not sedating)", "Used: Depression, SMOKING CESSATION", "No sexual SE; CI in epilepsy, eating disorders", "Rx: SMOQUIT 150 mg"] },
];
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}
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 14 – CLINICAL PEARLS / MNEMONICS / MIND MAP
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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slideHeader(sl, "Clinical Pearls, Mnemonics & High-Yield Facts", "⭐ MBBS Viva | University Exams | NEET PG");
// Mind map centre
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sl.addText("ANTIDEPRESSANTS\nMIND MAP", { x: 5.0, y: 2.9, w: 3.2, h: 1.2, fontSize: 12, bold: true, color: C.white, align: "center", valign: "middle" });
// Lines from centre
const branches = [
{ x: 2.3, y: 1.4, w: 2.7, h: 0.6, label: "MECHANISM", color: C.teal, note: "Block SERT/NET\n(SSRIs/TCAs/SNRIs)" },
{ x: 8.0, y: 1.4, w: 2.7, h: 0.6, label: "USES", color: C.green, note: "Depression, OCD,\nAnxiety, Pain" },
{ x: 0.3, y: 3.2, w: 2.5, h: 0.6, label: "SIDE EFFECTS", color: C.red, note: "Anticholinergic,\nSerotonin syn." },
{ x: 10.2, y: 3.2, w: 2.8, h: 0.6, label: "1st LINE", color: C.amber, note: "SSRIs for most\nconditions" },
{ x: 2.0, y: 4.8, w: 2.7, h: 0.6, label: "INTERACTIONS", color: C.purp, note: "MAOIs: fatal\ncombinations" },
{ x: 8.3, y: 4.8, w: 2.7, h: 0.6, label: "SPECIAL USES", color: C.navyMid, note: "OCD, Neuropathy,\nSmoking cess." },
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// Mnemonics panel at bottom
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{ title: "SSRIs (Serially)", text: "'Flee From Paris, See Colourful Escapes Daily'\nFluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Dapoxetine", color: C.green },
{ title: "TCA SE: ACHD", text: "A – Anticholinergic\nC – Cardiotoxic\nH – Hypotension (postural)\nD – Decreased seizure threshold", color: C.teal },
{ title: "MAOIs remember: 'PIPE'", text: "P – Pethidine (fatal with MAOIs)\nI – Isocarboxazid\nP – Phenelzine\nE – Extra tyramine = Cheese reaction", color: C.navyMid },
{ title: "2–3 Week Lag Rule", text: "All antidepressants share 2–3 week lag for mood effect due to autoreceptor desensitisation (α₂ + 5-HT₁A). Rapid uptake ≠ Rapid effect!", color: C.amber },
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 15 – SUMMARY
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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["03", C.navyMid, "2–3 WEEK LAG: Uptake blockade is rapid; mood elevation is delayed due to autoreceptor desensitisation"],
["04", C.amber, "TCA prototype = Imipramine | Most sedating = Amitriptyline | OCD TCA = Clomipramine | Neuropathy = Desipramine/Nortriptyline"],
["05", C.green, "SSRI mnemonic: Fluoxetine (longest t½, approved in children), Fluvoxamine (OCD/GAD), Paroxetine (most anticholinergic)"],
["06", C.purp, "SNRIs: Venlafaxine (depression, anxiety, hot flashes) | Duloxetine (neuropathy, fibromyalgia, stress UI)"],
["07", C.red, "SEROTONIN SYNDROME: MAOIs + SSRIs/pethidine/tramadol → agitation, hyperthermia, rigidity, convulsions"],
["08", C.teal, "CHEESE REACTION: MAOIs + tyramine-rich foods → severe hypertension → CVA"],
["09", C.amber, "Bupropion: DA+NA reuptake inhibitor → excitant, NO sexual SE, used in smoking cessation; CI: epilepsy"],
["10", C.navyMid, "Mirtazapine (NaSSA): blocks α₂ receptors, NO nausea, NO sexual dysfunction; causes weight gain + sedation"],
["11", C.green, "TCA overdose: atropine-like symptoms → convulsions → arrhythmias. Rx: IV diazepam + IV bicarbonate"],
["12", C.purp, "Fluoxetine = only SSRI approved in children (≥7 yr) for OCD. Dapoxetine = SSRI for premature ejaculation"],
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SLIDE 16 – REFERENCES
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════
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const refs = [
["[1]", "KD Tripathi", "Essentials of Medical Pharmacology", "8th Edition, 2019. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. Chapter 33: Antidepressant and Antianxiety Drugs, pp. 482–510."],
["[2]", "Goodman & Gilman", "The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", "13th Edition (2018). Drug Therapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Chapter 16."],
["[3]", "Rang, Dale, Ritter, Flower, Henderson", "Rang and Dale's Pharmacology", "9th Edition (2019). Antidepressant Drugs, Chapter 47."],
["[4]", "Stahl SM", "Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology", "4th Edition (2013). Antidepressants, Chapter 7. Cambridge University Press."],
["[5]", "WHO", "Mental Health Action Plan 2013–2030", "World Health Organization. Treatment of Depression. https://www.who.int/mental_health"],
];
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// ── Write output ──
pres.writeFile({ fileName: "/home/daytona/workspace/antidepressants-pptx/Antidepressants_Antianxiety_Drugs_MBBS.pptx" })
.then(() => console.log("✅ PPTX saved successfully!"))
.catch(err => { console.error("❌ Error:", err); process.exit(1); });
cd /home/daytona/workspace/antidepressants-pptx && node build.js 2>&1
ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/antidepressants-pptx/Antidepressants_Antianxiety_Drugs_MBBS.pptx
Antidepressants Antianxiety Drugs MBBS
Presentation · PPTX
| # | Slide | Key Content |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Title Slide | Dark navy background with teal accents, topic tags (SSRIs, TCAs, MAOIs...) |
| 2 | Learning Objectives | 7 numbered objectives with colour-coded boxes |
| 3 | Introduction | Monoaminergic + Neurotrophic hypothesis boxes with exam pearl |
| 4 | Definition | 3 definition cards + 6 epidemiology fact badges (2–3 week lag, 1st line...) |
| 5 | Classification | Full drug tree flowchart: RIMAs → TCAs → SSRIs → SNRIs → Atypical, with SSRI mnemonic |
| 6 | Mechanism of Action | Visual serotonergic synapse diagram + 6 class-specific mechanism boxes |
| 7 | Pharmacological Actions | CNS/ANS/CVS effects of TCAs in side-by-side system boxes |
| 8 | Pharmacokinetics | ADME boxes + 9-drug comparison table (t½, active metabolite, daily dose) |
| 9 | Therapeutic Uses | 4-class grid: TCAs / SSRIs / SNRIs / Atypical uses |
| 10 | Adverse Effects | Shared AEs + comparison table (sedation, cardiotoxicity...) + serotonin syndrome + TCA OD box |
| 11 | Contraindications | 4-class CI panels with ⊘ icons |
| 12 | Drug Interactions | 10-row severity table (FATAL / SEVERE / MODERATE) |
| 13 | Important Drugs | 8-drug profile cards: Imipramine, Amitriptyline, Clomipramine, Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Duloxetine, Mirtazapine, Bupropion |
| 14 | Clinical Pearls & Mnemonics | Mind map + 4 mnemonic panels (SSRIs, TCA SE, MAOIs, 2-week lag rule) |
| 15 | Summary | 12 numbered one-liner revision notes |
| 16 | References | KD Tripathi + Goodman & Gilman + Rang & Dale + Stahl's + WHO |