📋 GUJARAT UNIVERSITY - BAMS III YEAR

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.platypus import (SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table,
                                 TableStyle, HRFlowable, PageBreak)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY
from reportlab.pdfbase import pdfmetrics

OUTPUT = "/tmp/workspace/pk-paper/GU_BAMS_PK_SamplePaper.pdf"

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT,
    pagesize=A4,
    rightMargin=2*cm, leftMargin=2*cm,
    topMargin=2*cm, bottomMargin=2*cm
)

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

# Custom styles
title_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Title', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=15, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4
)
sub_title_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'SubTitle', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=12, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=3
)
header_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Header', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=11, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=3
)
section_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Section', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=11, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
    textColor=colors.HexColor('#1a237e'),
    spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4,
    borderPad=4
)
q_bold_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'QBold', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
    spaceBefore=6, spaceAfter=2
)
normal_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Normal2', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica',
    spaceBefore=2, spaceAfter=2, leading=14
)
option_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Option', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=9.5, fontName='Helvetica',
    leftIndent=20, spaceAfter=1, leading=13
)
answer_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Answer', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=9, fontName='Helvetica-Oblique',
    textColor=colors.HexColor('#2e7d32'),
    leftIndent=20, spaceAfter=4
)
note_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Note', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=9, fontName='Helvetica-Oblique',
    textColor=colors.HexColor('#b71c1c'),
    alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4
)
tip_style = ParagraphStyle(
    'Tip', parent=styles['Normal'],
    fontSize=9, fontName='Helvetica',
    textColor=colors.HexColor('#4a148c'),
    leftIndent=10, spaceAfter=3, leading=13
)

story = []

# ─── HEADER ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("GUJARAT UNIVERSITY", title_style))
story.append(Paragraph("BACHELOR OF AYURVEDIC MEDICINE AND SURGERY (BAMS) — III YEAR", sub_title_style))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=2, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.15*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("PAPER 1: PANCHAKARMA AND UPAKARMA", header_style))
story.append(Paragraph("SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (Based on Last 10 Years — Most Repeated Questions)", header_style))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.1*cm))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))

# Info table
info_data = [
    ["Total Marks: 100", "Time: 3 Hours", "Medium: English"],
]
info_table = Table(info_data, colWidths=[5.5*cm, 5.5*cm, 5.5*cm])
info_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0), (-1,-1), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
    ('ALIGN', (0,0), (-1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), colors.HexColor('#e8eaf6')),
    ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
]))
story.append(info_table)
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))

story.append(Paragraph(
    "Instructions: Section A — Attempt ALL 20 MCQs (1 mark each). "
    "Section B — Attempt ANY 8 SAQs (5 marks each). "
    "Section C — Attempt ANY 4 LAQs (10 marks each).",
    note_style
))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.grey))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))

# ─── SECTION A ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Paragraph("SECTION A — MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)", section_style))
story.append(Paragraph("20 Questions × 1 Mark = 20 Marks  |  Attempt ALL questions", normal_style))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.15*cm))

mcqs = [
    ("1.", "The number of Panchakarma procedures according to Charaka Samhita is:",
     ["a) 3", "b) 5", "c) 8", "d) 7"], "Answer: (b) 5"),

    ("2.", "Which of the following is NOT a Sneha Dravya?",
     ["a) Ghrita", "b) Taila", "c) Vasa", "d) Madhu"], "Answer: (d) Madhu"),

    ("3.", "The maximum dose (Pravara Matra) of Sneha for Abhyantara Snehana in an adult is:",
     ["a) 24 Pala (~96 ml)", "b) 8 Pala", "c) 12 Pala", "d) 4 Pala"], "Answer: (a) 24 Pala (~96 ml)"),

    ("4.", "Samyak Snigdha Lakshana includes all EXCEPT:",
     ["a) Snigdha mala pravritti", "b) Vata anulomana", "c) Shrama", "d) Koshtha mardava"], "Answer: (c) Shrama"),

    ("5.", "Rookshana Dravyas include all EXCEPT:",
     ["a) Yava", "b) Madhu", "c) Ghrita", "d) Takra"], "Answer: (c) Ghrita"),

    ("6.", "Sagni Sweda is classified under:",
     ["a) Niragni Sweda", "b) Tapa Sweda", "c) Upanaha Sweda", "d) Drava Sweda"], "Answer: (b) Tapa Sweda"),

    ("7.", "Which is a CONTRAINDICATION for Swedana Karma?",
     ["a) Kaphaja disorders", "b) Rakta Pitta", "c) Sandhigata Vata", "d) Amavata"], "Answer: (b) Rakta Pitta"),

    ("8.", "The main drug used in Ksheeradhooma is:",
     ["a) Bala", "b) Dashamoola", "c) Pippali", "d) Vacha"], "Answer: (a) Bala"),

    ("9.", "'Vegiki Vamana' is another name for:",
     ["a) Virechana", "b) Sadyo Vamana", "c) Niruha Basti", "d) Nasya"], "Answer: (b) Sadyo Vamana"),

    ("10.", "The ideal Vamana drug according to Acharya Charaka is:",
     ["a) Madanaphala", "b) Kutaja", "c) Haritaki", "d) Trivrit"], "Answer: (a) Madanaphala"),

    ("11.", "Virechana is the primary treatment of choice in:",
     ["a) Amavata", "b) Kushta", "c) Gridhrasi", "d) Manyastambha"], "Answer: (b) Kushta"),

    ("12.", "'Trivrit' is the drug of choice for:",
     ["a) Vamana", "b) Virechana", "c) Nasya", "d) Anuvasana Basti"], "Answer: (b) Virechana"),

    ("13.", "The volume of Niruha Basti dravya for an adult (Pravara Matra) is:",
     ["a) 12 Prastha", "b) 6 Prastha (~576 ml)", "c) 1 Prastha", "d) 1.5 Prastha"], "Answer: (b) 6 Prastha (~576 ml)"),

    ("14.", "Anuvasana Basti is INDICATED in:",
     ["a) Atisara", "b) Gridhrasi", "c) Ajirna", "d) Ama condition"], "Answer: (b) Gridhrasi"),

    ("15.", "'Yoga Basti' consists of how many Basti?",
     ["a) 8 (5 Niruha + 3 Anuvasana)", "b) 12", "c) 15", "d) 16"], "Answer: (a) 8 (5 Niruha + 3 Anuvasana)"),

    ("16.", "The best Nasya drug for Shirovirechana includes:",
     ["a) Shunthi", "b) Vacha", "c) Pippali", "d) All of the above"], "Answer: (d) All of the above"),

    ("17.", "Pizhichil is a form of:",
     ["a) Ksheeradhooma", "b) Bahya Snehana with Taila dhara", "c) Niragni Sweda", "d) Abhyantara Snehana"],
     "Answer: (b) Bahya Snehana with Taila dhara"),

    ("18.", "Dhanyamladhara is most indicated in:",
     ["a) Rakta Pitta", "b) Kapha-Vata disorders", "c) Pitta disorders", "d) Shotha"], "Answer: (b) Kapha-Vata disorders"),

    ("19.", "'Samsarjana Krama' is followed after:",
     ["a) Snehana only", "b) Swedana", "c) Vamana and Virechana", "d) Nasya"], "Answer: (c) Vamana and Virechana"),

    ("20.", "Which drug belongs to Shirovirechana Gana?",
     ["a) Kutaja", "b) Vacha", "c) Haritaki", "d) Bala"], "Answer: (b) Vacha"),
]

for num, qtext, opts, ans in mcqs:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{num}</b> {qtext}", q_bold_style))
    for opt in opts:
        story.append(Paragraph(opt, option_style))
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<i>{ans}</i>", answer_style))

story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1.5, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))

# ─── SECTION B ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(PageBreak())
story.append(Paragraph("SECTION B — SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (SAQ)", section_style))
story.append(Paragraph("Attempt ANY 8 Questions × 5 Marks = 40 Marks", normal_style))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))

saqs = [
    ("Q1.", "Define Snehana. Write Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas (signs of adequate oleation).",
     "(Repeated: 2015, 2017, 2019, 2022)"),
    ("Q2.", "Write the indications and contraindications of Swedana Karma.",
     "(Repeated: 2014, 2016, 2018, 2021)"),
    ("Q3.", "Describe Sadyo Vamana (Vegiki Vamana) — indications, procedure, and importance.",
     "(Repeated: 2016, 2019, 2023)"),
    ("Q4.", "Write a detailed note on Samsarjana Krama after Shodhana karma.",
     "(Very High Repeat — appeared 6+ times in last 10 years)"),
    ("Q5.", "Describe Dhanyamladhara — definition, materials required, procedure, indications, and benefits.",
     "(Repeated: 2015, 2018, 2020, 2023)"),
    ("Q6.", "Write Purva Karma of Virechana with the drugs commonly used.",
     "(Repeated: 2014, 2017, 2019, 2022)"),
    ("Q7.", "Write a note on Basti Yantra (instruments for Basti) and describe Matra Basti.",
     "(Repeated: 2015, 2018, 2021)"),
    ("Q8.", "Describe Purva Karma and Pradhana Karma of Nasya Karma.",
     "(Repeated: 2016, 2017, 2020, 2023)"),
    ("Q9.", "Write a short note on Agni Pariksha and Koshtha Pariksha in Panchakarma.",
     "(Repeated: 2015, 2019)"),
    ("Q10.", "Describe Thalam and Thalapothichil — procedure, drugs used, and benefits.",
     "(Repeated: 2016, 2021)"),
]

for num, qtext, repeat in saqs:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{num}</b> {qtext}", q_bold_style))
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<i>{repeat}</i>", answer_style))
    story.append(Spacer(1, 0.08*cm))

story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1.5, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))

# ─── SECTION C ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(PageBreak())
story.append(Paragraph("SECTION C — LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (LAQ)", section_style))
story.append(Paragraph("Attempt ANY 4 Questions × 10 Marks = 40 Marks", normal_style))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.2*cm))

laqs = [
    ("Q1.", 
     "Describe Vamana Karma in detail including: Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma (drugs, dose, procedure), "
     "Vamana Vegas and their assessment, Paschat Karma, Vamana Karmukata, and its application in "
     "Shwasa and Kushta.",
     "(MOST REPEATED LAQ — 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2023 — appears nearly every year)"),

    ("Q2.", 
     "Describe Niruha Basti in detail: Indications and Contraindications, Purva Karma, preparation "
     "of Basti dravya with ingredients and dose (Pravara/Madhyama/Avara Matra), Pradhana Karma, "
     "Paschat Karma, Niruha Basti Karmukata, and its clinical application in Gridhrasi.",
     "(High Repeat LAQ — 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022)"),

    ("Q3.", 
     "Describe Abhyantara Snehana (internal oleation) in detail: types of Sneha Dravya, Snehapana "
     "dose calculation (Hradya/Madhyama/Pravara Matra), method of administration (Accha Pana), "
     "Samyak/Atiyoga/Ayoga Snigdha Lakshanas, and clinical applications in Vata disorders.",
     "(High Repeat LAQ — 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2023)"),

    ("Q4.", 
     "Describe Virechana Karma in detail: Classification of Virechana drugs (Mridu/Madhyama/Tikshna), "
     "Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma with drug selection principles, assessment of Samyak/Atiyoga/Ayoga "
     "Virechana, Paschat Karma with Samsarjana Krama, Virechana Karmukata, and principles of "
     "practice in Kushta, Vatarakta, and Pakshaghata.",
     "(High Repeat LAQ — 2014, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2021)"),

    ("Q5.", 
     "Describe Nasya Karma in detail: Definition, classification, Shirovirechana Gana drugs, "
     "Purva Karma, Pradhana Karma (position of patient, drops, method), Paschat Karma, "
     "Nasya Karmukata, and its clinical application in Ardita (facial palsy) and Apabahuka.",
     "(High Repeat LAQ — 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021, 2023)"),

    ("Q6.", 
     "Describe Swedana Karma in detail: classification into Sagni and Niragni types with subtypes, "
     "procedure of Saagni Swedana (Nadi and Parisheka Sweda), Swedana Dravya, Indications and "
     "Contraindications, Samyak Swinna Lakshanas, and principles of practice in Sandhigata Vata "
     "and Amavata.",
     "(Repeat LAQ — 2016, 2018, 2020)"),
]

for num, qtext, repeat in laqs:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{num}</b> {qtext}", q_bold_style))
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<i>{repeat}</i>", answer_style))
    story.append(Spacer(1, 0.1*cm))

# ─── MARK DISTRIBUTION TABLE ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.15*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("MARK DISTRIBUTION SUMMARY", section_style))

mark_data = [
    ["Section", "Type", "Questions", "Marks Each", "Total"],
    ["A", "MCQ (Attempt ALL)", "20", "1", "20"],
    ["B", "SAQ (Attempt ANY 8)", "10 given", "5", "40"],
    ["C", "LAQ (Attempt ANY 4)", "6 given", "10", "40"],
    ["", "GRAND TOTAL", "", "", "100"],
]
mark_table = Table(mark_data, colWidths=[2*cm, 5*cm, 3.5*cm, 3*cm, 2.5*cm])
mark_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0), (-1,0), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTNAME', (0,1), (-1,-1), 'Helvetica'),
    ('FONTNAME', (0,-1), (-1,-1), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0), (-1,-1), 9.5),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,0), colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('TEXTCOLOR', (0,0), (-1,0), colors.white),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,-1), (-1,-1), colors.HexColor('#e8eaf6')),
    ('ALIGN', (0,0), (-1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.8, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.4, colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')),
    ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,1), (-1,-2), [colors.white, colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')]),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
]))
story.append(mark_table)
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))

# ─── TOPIC COVERAGE TABLE ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Paragraph("TOPIC-WISE COVERAGE IN THIS PAPER", section_style))

topic_data = [
    ["Topic", "Syllabus Marks", "Coverage in Paper"],
    ["Snehana Karma", "12", "MCQ 1-5; SAQ Q1; LAQ Q3"],
    ["Swedana Karma", "12", "MCQ 6-7; SAQ Q2; LAQ Q6"],
    ["Special Procedures (Pizhichil, Dhanyamladhara etc.)", "10", "MCQ 8, 17, 18; SAQ Q5, Q10"],
    ["Vamana Karma", "10", "MCQ 9-10; SAQ Q3, Q4; LAQ Q1"],
    ["Virechana Karma", "10", "MCQ 11-12; SAQ Q6; LAQ Q4"],
    ["Basti Karma", "18", "MCQ 13-15; SAQ Q7; LAQ Q2"],
    ["Nasya Karma", "10", "MCQ 16, 20; SAQ Q8; LAQ Q5"],
    ["Fundamentals of Panchakarma", "8", "MCQ 1; SAQ Q9"],
    ["Physiotherapy", "5", "—"],
    ["Emergency Mgmt / Research Updates", "5", "—"],
]
topic_table = Table(topic_data, colWidths=[7*cm, 3*cm, 6*cm])
topic_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0), (-1,0), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTNAME', (0,1), (-1,-1), 'Helvetica'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0), (-1,-1), 9),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,0), colors.HexColor('#283593')),
    ('TEXTCOLOR', (0,0), (-1,0), colors.white),
    ('ALIGN', (1,0), (1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.8, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.4, colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')),
    ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,1), (-1,-1), [colors.white, colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')]),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
]))
story.append(topic_table)
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))

# ─── EXAM TIPS ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.1*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("EXAM TIPS FOR GUJARAT UNIVERSITY BAMS PK PAPER", section_style))

tips = [
    "* Vamana Karma and Basti Karma together account for the MAXIMUM LAQ appearances — master both in detail, including drugs, doses, and disease-specific applications.",
    "* Samsarjana Krama is asked ALMOST EVERY YEAR as an SAQ — never skip it. Know all 7 days of diet progression.",
    "* Samyak/Atiyoga/Ayoga Snigdha and Virechana Lakshanas are consistent MCQ and SAQ topics.",
    "* Special procedures (Pizhichil, Dhanyamladhara, Ksheeradhooma, Thalam) appear regularly as 5-mark SAQs.",
    "* For LAQs on Vamana and Virechana, always include Purva Karma (Snehana + Swedana), Pradhana Karma, Vegas assessment, and Paschat Karma.",
    "* Basti Karma carries the HIGHEST syllabus marks (18) — focus on Niruha Basti preparation, Yoga Basti, Karma Basti, and Kala Basti schedules.",
    "* Nasya in Ardita and Apabahuka — disease-specific application questions appear frequently.",
]
for tip in tips:
    story.append(Paragraph(tip, tip_style))

story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=2, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.1*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("— Best of Luck — AyUG-PK | III BAMS | Gujarat University —", note_style))

# Build PDF
doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF created: {OUTPUT}")

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.platypus import (SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table,
                                 TableStyle, HRFlowable, PageBreak, ListFlowable, ListItem)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY

OUTPUT = "/tmp/workspace/pk-paper/GU_BAMS_PK_AnswerKey.pdf"

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT, pagesize=A4,
    rightMargin=2*cm, leftMargin=2*cm,
    topMargin=2*cm, bottomMargin=2*cm
)
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

title_s = ParagraphStyle('T1', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=15, fontName='Helvetica-Bold', alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)
sub_s   = ParagraphStyle('T2', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=11, fontName='Helvetica-Bold', alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=3)
sec_s   = ParagraphStyle('SEC', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=12, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
                          textColor=colors.HexColor('#1a237e'), spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=5)
q_s     = ParagraphStyle('Q', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=11, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
                          textColor=colors.HexColor('#b71c1c'), spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4,
                          backColor=colors.HexColor('#fff3e0'), borderPad=4)
head_s  = ParagraphStyle('H', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica-Bold',
                          textColor=colors.HexColor('#1565c0'), spaceBefore=6, spaceAfter=2)
body_s  = ParagraphStyle('B', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica',
                          spaceBefore=2, spaceAfter=2, leading=15)
bullet_s= ParagraphStyle('BU', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica',
                          leftIndent=18, spaceBefore=1, spaceAfter=1, leading=14)
note_s  = ParagraphStyle('N', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=9, fontName='Helvetica-Oblique',
                          textColor=colors.HexColor('#2e7d32'), alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)
mcq_ans_s = ParagraphStyle('MA', parent=styles['Normal'], fontSize=10, fontName='Helvetica',
                             spaceBefore=1, spaceAfter=2, leading=14)

def H(text): return Paragraph(text, head_s)
def B(text): return Paragraph(text, body_s)
def BU(text): return Paragraph(f"• {text}", bullet_s)
def Q(text): return Paragraph(text, q_s)
def SP(n=0.2): return Spacer(1, n*cm)
def HR(): return HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.HexColor('#9fa8da'))

story = []

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# HEADER
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story += [
    SP(0.1),
    Paragraph("GUJARAT UNIVERSITY — BAMS III YEAR", title_s),
    Paragraph("PAPER 1: PANCHAKARMA AND UPAKARMA", sub_s),
    Paragraph("COMPLETE ANSWER KEY", sub_s),
    HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=2, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    SP(0.2),
    Paragraph("MCQ Answers | SAQ Model Answers (5 Marks Each) | LAQ Model Answers (10 Marks Each)", note_s),
    HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.grey),
    SP(0.2),
]

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION A — MCQ ANSWERS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(Paragraph("SECTION A — MCQ ANSWER KEY", sec_s))

mcq_data = [
    ["Q.No.", "Answer", "Key Point"],
    ["1", "b) 5", "Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, Raktamokshana"],
    ["2", "d) Madhu", "Sneha Dravya = Ghrita, Taila, Vasa, Majja only"],
    ["3", "a) 24 Pala", "Pravara Matra ~96 ml; Madhyama 12P; Avara 8P"],
    ["4", "c) Shrama", "Samyak = Koshtha mardava, snigdha mala, Vata anulomana"],
    ["5", "c) Ghrita", "Ghrita is a Snehana dravya, not Rookshana"],
    ["6", "b) Tapa Sweda", "Sagni Sweda types: Tapa, Upanaha, Ushma, Drava"],
    ["7", "b) Rakta Pitta", "Bleeding disorders, Pitta prakriti are key contraindications"],
    ["8", "a) Bala", "Bala (Sida cordifolia) in milk — classic Ksheeradhooma"],
    ["9", "b) Sadyo Vamana", "Vegiki = emergency/immediate; used in Visha, Ajeerna"],
    ["10", "a) Madanaphala", "Randia dumetorum — Charaka's chief Vamana drug"],
    ["11", "b) Kushta", "Kushta = Pitta-Kapha; Virechana is Pitta shodhana"],
    ["12", "b) Virechana", "Trivrit (Operculina turpethum) — best Virechana drug"],
    ["13", "b) 6 Prastha", "~576 ml; Madhyama 4P; Avara 2P; Pravara 6P"],
    ["14", "b) Gridhrasi", "Vata disorder; Anuvasana lubricates, reduces Vata"],
    ["15", "a) 8 Basti", "Yoga Basti: 8 total (5 Niruha + 3 Anuvasana)"],
    ["16", "d) All of the above", "Vacha, Pippali, Shunthi all in Shirovirechana Gana"],
    ["17", "b) Bahya Snehana with Taila dhara", "Pizhichil = Sarvanga Taila dhara + massage"],
    ["18", "b) Kapha-Vata disorders", "Dhanyamladhara = sour fermented liquid; reduces Kapha-Vata"],
    ["19", "c) Vamana and Virechana", "Samsarjana Krama = post-Shodhana diet schedule"],
    ["20", "b) Vacha", "Acorus calamus — chief Shirovirechana (Nasya) drug"],
]
mcq_table = Table(mcq_data, colWidths=[1.5*cm, 4.5*cm, 10*cm])
mcq_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0),(-1,0), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTNAME', (0,1),(-1,-1), 'Helvetica'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0),(-1,-1), 9),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('TEXTCOLOR', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.white),
    ('ALIGN', (0,0),(1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BOX', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.8, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')),
    ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,1),(-1,-1), [colors.white, colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')]),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4),
    ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4),
    ('VALIGN', (0,0),(-1,-1), 'TOP'),
]))
story += [mcq_table, SP(0.3)]

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION B — SAQ ANSWERS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story += [PageBreak(), Paragraph("SECTION B — SAQ MODEL ANSWERS (5 Marks Each)", sec_s), HR(), SP(0.1)]

# ── SAQ Q1 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q1. Define Snehana. Write Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas."),
    H("Definition of Snehana (1 Mark)"),
    B("Snehana is the therapeutic procedure of administering Sneha (oleaginous substances) internally or externally to the body for the purpose of making the body unctuous (Snigdha), thereby facilitating the loosening and mobilization of Doshas from their sites towards the Koshtha for subsequent elimination."),
    B("<b>Reference:</b> Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana — 'Sneho hi shreshtha mardavakaranam'"),
    H("Types of Sneha Dravya (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Ghrita (Ghee) — best for Pitta, Vata"),
    BU("Taila (Oil) — best for Kapha, Vata; Sesame oil is superior"),
    BU("Vasa (Animal fat)"),
    BU("Majja (Bone marrow)"),
    H("Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas — Signs of Adequate Oleation (3 Marks)"),
    B("These are signs indicating that the body has received optimal oleation and is ready for Shodhana:"),
    BU("<b>Snigdha mala pravritti</b> — Passage of oily/unctuous stools"),
    BU("<b>Snigdha twacha</b> — Skin becomes unctuous and lustrous"),
    BU("<b>Snigdha vak</b> — Voice becomes smooth and oily"),
    BU("<b>Vata anulomana</b> — Proper downward movement of Vata, relief of flatulence"),
    BU("<b>Koshtha mardava</b> — Softening of abdomen/bowel"),
    BU("<b>Diptagnita</b> — Improvement in digestive fire"),
    BU("<b>Laghuta</b> — Feeling of lightness in the body"),
    BU("<b>Aruchirahita</b> — No feeling of nausea or aversion"),
    B("<b>Note:</b> If Samyak Snigdha signs appear = proceed to Swedana. Atiyoga Snigdha (excessive) = Fainting, nausea, heaviness. Ayoga Snigdha (inadequate) = Dryness persists, no proper mala."),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q2 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q2. Write Indications and Contraindications of Swedana Karma."),
    H("Definition (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("Swedana (sudation therapy) is a procedure that produces sweating and relieves Stambha (stiffness), Gaurava (heaviness), and Sheeta (coldness) by applying heat to the body."),
    H("Indications of Swedana — Sweda Yogya (2 Marks)"),
    BU("Kaphaja and Vataja disorders — Sandhigata Vata, Gridhrasi, Ardita"),
    BU("Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) — mild dry heat"),
    BU("Stiffness/rigidity — Stambha, Suptata"),
    BU("Heaviness of body — Gaurava"),
    BU("Shotha (edema) of Kapha origin"),
    BU("Hridroga, Kasa, Shwasa — Kapha-Vata type"),
    BU("Murcha (mild), Apasmara (pre-procedure preparation)"),
    BU("Before Shodhana (Vamana, Virechana) as Purva Karma"),
    H("Contraindications of Swedana — Sweda Ayogya (2.5 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Rakta Pitta</b> — Bleeding disorders (epistaxis, hemoptysis)"),
    BU("<b>Daha</b> — Burning sensation / fever"),
    BU("<b>Trisha</b> — Excessive thirst"),
    BU("<b>Madhumeha (Diabetes)</b> — Aggravates Pitta/Kapha imbalance"),
    BU("<b>Shotha</b> of Pitta origin — worsens inflammation"),
    BU("<b>Pregnant women</b> — Garbhini"),
    BU("<b>Balaka</b> — Children, elderly with weakness"),
    BU("<b>Bhojanottara</b> — Immediately after meals"),
    BU("<b>Tamaka Shwasa (Asthma)</b> — Hot steam contraindicated"),
    BU("<b>Visha (poisoning)</b> — Vasodilation worsens toxin spread"),
    BU("<b>Eye, ear, genital region</b> — Nadi Sweda avoided directly"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q3 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q3. Describe Sadyo Vamana (Vegiki Vamana) — Indications and Procedure."),
    H("Definition (1 Mark)"),
    B("Sadyo Vamana (also called Vegiki Vamana) is an emergency form of Vamana (therapeutic emesis) administered immediately without prior Purva Karma (Snehana-Swedana). The term 'Sadyo' means immediate or sudden."),
    H("Indications — When is it used? (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Visha (poisoning)</b> — Alahala, Sthavara Visha — to expel the ingested toxin immediately"),
    BU("<b>Ajeerna</b> — Indigestion with undigested food in stomach"),
    BU("<b>Madatyaya</b> — Acute intoxication/alcoholism"),
    BU("<b>Apatanaka</b> — Tetanus-like conditions"),
    BU("<b>Kapha Prakopa Javarambha</b> — Onset of Kapha fever"),
    BU("<b>Chardi (Nausea/vomiting)</b> — to complete and relieve obstruction"),
    BU("<b>Upavisha exposure</b> — sub-acute poisoning"),
    H("Procedure (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>No prior Snehana/Swedana</b> — administered directly"),
    BU("Patient given large quantity of warm water (Ushna Jala) or Yavagu (gruel) — till the stomach is full"),
    BU("Vomiting is induced by <b>Kanthakarma</b> — tickling the throat with finger or feather"),
    BU("Drug used: <b>Madanaphala phanta</b> or <b>simple salt water</b> in emergencies"),
    BU("Vomiting is allowed to occur naturally (Swabhavika Vegas)"),
    BU("<b>After Vomiting:</b> Rest, warm water gargling (Gandusha), Dhoomapana (medicated smoking)"),
    BU("Samsarjana Krama (light diet) followed for 1-3 days (shorter than regular Vamana)"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q4 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────════════
story += [
    Q("Q4. Write a detailed note on Samsarjana Krama after Shodhana Karma."),
    H("Definition (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("Samsarjana Krama is the post-Shodhana dietary regimen prescribed after Vamana and Virechana to gradually restore digestive capacity (Agni) from a weakened state to a normal state."),
    H("Importance (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("After Shodhana, the digestive fire (Agni) is diminished due to the elimination process. Direct consumption of heavy food will cause indigestion. Samsarjana Krama gradually kindles the Agni."),
    H("Schedule — Depending on Shodhana Bala (4 Marks)"),
]
# Samsarjana table
sam_data = [
    ["Day", "Pravara Shuddhi\n(Strong - 7 days)", "Madhyama Shuddhi\n(Moderate - 5 days)", "Avara Shuddhi\n(Mild - 3 days)"],
    ["1st", "Peya (thin rice gruel — liquid)", "Peya", "Peya"],
    ["2nd", "Peya", "Vilepi (thick gruel)", "Vilepi"],
    ["3rd", "Vilepi (thick gruel)", "Akrita yusha (plain soup)", "Akrita yusha"],
    ["4th", "Akrita yusha (thin veg/dal soup)", "Krita yusha (spiced soup)", "—"],
    ["5th", "Krita yusha (spiced soup)", "Odana (soft rice)", "—"],
    ["6th", "Akrita mamsarasa (plain meat soup)", "—", "—"],
    ["7th", "Krita mamsarasa (spiced meat soup)", "—", "—"],
]
sam_table = Table(sam_data, colWidths=[1.5*cm, 4.5*cm, 4.5*cm, 4.5*cm])
sam_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0),(-1,0), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0),(-1,-1), 8.5),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.HexColor('#283593')),
    ('TEXTCOLOR', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.white),
    ('ALIGN', (0,0),(-1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BOX', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.8, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')),
    ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,1),(-1,-1), [colors.white, colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')]),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4),
    ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4),
    ('VALIGN', (0,0),(-1,-1), 'MIDDLE'),
    ('WORDWRAP', (0,0),(-1,-1), True),
]))
story += [sam_table, SP(0.15)]
story += [
    B("After completing Samsarjana Krama, the patient may gradually resume normal diet. Avoid heavy, fried, spicy, and incompatible foods. Avoid day sleep, sexual activity, and excessive exercise during this period."),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q5 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q5. Describe Dhanyamladhara — Definition, Procedure, Indications, and Benefits."),
    H("Definition (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("Dhanyamladhara is a special Upakarma (external procedure) in which medicated sour fermented liquid (Dhanyamla) is poured as a continuous stream (Dhara) over the body for therapeutic purposes. It is a type of Parisheka Sweda (liquid sudation)."),
    H("Preparation of Dhanyamla (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Base ingredients: Shali (rice), Yava (barley), Kulatha (horse gram), Masha (black gram)"),
    BU("Mixed with water in an earthen pot and fermented for 5-7 days"),
    BU("Liquid becomes sour (Amla) — the Dhanyamla is then filtered and used"),
    BU("It is slightly warm during the procedure"),
    H("Procedure (2 Marks)"),
    BU("Patient lies on the Droni (wooden table) in supine position"),
    BU("Dhanyamla is heated to a lukewarm temperature (~37-40°C)"),
    BU("Four attendants pour Dhanyamla in a continuous stream from a height of 4 angula over the entire body"),
    BU("Duration: 45-60 minutes per session; 7-14 days course"),
    BU("After procedure: Dry with warm towel, rest in warm room; avoid cold exposure"),
    H("Indications (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Kapha-Vata disorders — Obesity, Stiffness"),
    BU("Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis)"),
    BU("Hemiplegia (Pakshaghata) — Vata type"),
    BU("Muscular dystrophy, painful conditions"),
    H("Benefits / Karmukata (0.5 Mark)"),
    BU("Reduces Stambha (stiffness), Shotha (swelling), and pain"),
    BU("Improves circulation and muscle tone"),
    BU("Balances Kapha and Vata Doshas"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q6 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q6. Write Purva Karma of Virechana with drugs commonly used."),
    H("Definition of Purva Karma (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("Purva Karma (pre-operative procedures) are the preparatory steps done before Virechana to ensure safe, effective purgation. They make the Doshas Snigdha (unctuous) and Mridu (soft) for easy elimination."),
    H("Steps of Purva Karma for Virechana (3 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>1. Pachana (Deepana-Pachana):</b> First, any Ama (undigested material) is digested using Deepana-Pachana drugs (Trikatu, Chitrakadi Vati) for 3-7 days. Agni must be proper before Snehapana."),
    BU("<b>2. Snehapana (Internal Oleation):</b> Gradually increasing doses of Sneha (Tikta Ghrita / Eranda Taila) given on empty stomach for 3-7 days (Accha Pana method). Dose: Start with Hradya Matra (8 Pala), increase to Pravara Matra (24 Pala). Continue till Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas appear."),
    BU("<b>3. Virama Snehana (Rest Day):</b> After Snehapana is stopped, one day of rest with Snigdha-Ushna food."),
    BU("<b>4. Abhyanga (External Oleation):</b> Full body oil massage with warm Taila (Tila/Bala Taila) daily."),
    BU("<b>5. Swedana (Sudation):</b> After Abhyanga — Bashpa Sweda (steam bath) or Nadi Sweda. Causes Doshapravritti towards Koshtha. Done for 3-7 days alongside Snehapana."),
    H("Drugs used in Purva Karma (1.5 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>For Snehapana:</b> Tikta Ghrita (bitter ghee), Mahatikta Ghrita, Eranda Taila (castor oil)"),
    BU("<b>For Abhyanga:</b> Tila Taila, Bala Taila, Narayana Taila"),
    BU("<b>For Pachana:</b> Trikatu Churna, Chitrakadi Vati, Panchakola Phanta"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q7 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q7. Write a note on Basti Yantra and describe Matra Basti."),
    H("Basti Yantra — Instruments for Basti (2 Marks)"),
    B("Basti Yantra consists of the set of instruments required to administer Basti. Charaka and Sushruta described different instruments:"),
    BU("<b>Basti Putaka (Bag/Bladder):</b> Made from urinary bladder of cow, buffalo, or goat. Modern equivalent: rubber/plastic enema bag. Used to hold and push the Basti dravya."),
    BU("<b>Basti Netra (Nozzle/Cannula):</b> Made of gold, silver, iron, bamboo, or bone. Length: 12 angula for adult men, 8 angula for women, 6 angula for children. Smooth, hollow, with openings at both ends."),
    BU("<b>Modern Instruments:</b> Rubber catheter (Foley), enema can with tubing, or Higginson syringe."),
    H("Sizes of Basti Netra"),
    BU("Purusha (adult male): 12 Angula (~21 cm)"),
    BU("Stree (adult female): 8 Angula (~14 cm)"),
    BU("Balaka (children): 6 Angula (~10 cm)"),
    H("Matra Basti (3 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Definition:</b> Matra Basti is a type of Anuvasana (oil enema) given in a small fixed dose. The word 'Matra' means specific measure/dose."),
    B("<b>Dose:</b> Half the Anuvasana Matra = <b>3 Pala (~120 ml)</b> of Taila (medicated oil)"),
    B("<b>Specialty:</b> Does not require Purva Karma. Can be given to the very young, old, weak, and fatigued patients."),
    H("Indications"),
    BU("Extreme debility (Ati Durbala), elderly, children"),
    BU("During travel, after exercise or sexual activity"),
    BU("Gridhrasi, Katishoola, Vata disorders"),
    H("Procedure"),
    BU("Patient in left lateral position; Taila (e.g., Sesame/Bala Taila) administered at body temperature"),
    BU("Retained as long as possible; usually retained for 6-8 hours"),
    BU("No special Samsarjana Krama required; light diet recommended"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q8 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q8. Describe Purva Karma and Pradhana Karma of Nasya Karma."),
    H("Definition of Nasya (0.5 Mark)"),
    B("Nasya is the administration of therapeutic substances (drugs) through the nasal route (Nasa = nose). The nose is the 'gateway to the head' (Nasahi Shiraso Dwaram)."),
    H("Purva Karma of Nasya (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>1. Facial Abhyanga:</b> Gentle massage of face, forehead, temples, and neck with warm Tila Taila or medicated oil for 5-10 minutes."),
    BU("<b>2. Mrudu Sweda (Mild Sudation):</b> Application of warm towel (Ushna Jala Pottali) to face, forehead, and neck to open pores and clear the nasal passage. Steam inhalation may also be done."),
    BU("<b>3. Patient Positioning:</b> Patient made to lie supine with head tilted slightly backward (neck extended). A pillow under shoulders."),
    BU("<b>4. Cleansing of Nasal Passages:</b> Ask patient to blow the nose gently."),
    H("Pradhana Karma of Nasya (2.5 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Drops per nostril:</b> 6-10 drops (Bindu) for Pratimarsha; 8-32 drops (Bindu) for Marsha Nasya"),
    BU("<b>Temperature:</b> Drug should be lukewarm (Sama Ushna)"),
    BU("<b>Method:</b> Physician occludes one nostril; drops instilled in other; repeat for other side"),
    BU("<b>After instillation:</b> Patient gently sniffs; foot end of table raised; gentle massage of forehead, cheeks, temples immediately"),
    BU("<b>Holding:</b> Patient breathes slowly through nose; drug should not reach throat (spit out if it does)"),
    BU("<b>Duration of staying in position:</b> 1-5 minutes depending on type of Nasya"),
    BU("<b>Drugs used:</b> Anu Taila (standard), Shadbindu Taila, Vacha Choorna, Vidanga Churna as powder Nasya"),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q9 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q9. Write a short note on Agni Pariksha and Koshtha Pariksha in Panchakarma."),
    H("Agni Pariksha — Assessment of Digestive Fire (2.5 Marks)"),
    B("Agni Pariksha is the evaluation of the patient's digestive capacity before Panchakarma. It is essential because Shodhana therapy (esp. Snehapana) is contraindicated in poor Agni states like Vishamagni and Mandagni without prior Pachana."),
    B("<b>Types of Agni:</b>"),
    BU("<b>Samagni</b> — Balanced digestion; normal; food digests properly in proper time. Ideal for Shodhana."),
    BU("<b>Vishamagni</b> — Irregular digestion; sometimes fast, sometimes slow; associated with Vata. Requires Vata-pacifying Pachana first."),
    BU("<b>Tikshnaagni</b> — Sharp/fast digestion; quick hunger even after eating; associated with Pitta."),
    BU("<b>Mandagni</b> — Slow digestion; heaviness, bloating; associated with Kapha. Requires Deepana-Pachana before Shodhana."),
    H("Koshtha Pariksha — Bowel Habits Assessment (2.5 Marks)"),
    B("Koshtha refers to the nature/tendency of the gastrointestinal tract. It determines the type and dose of drugs for Virechana and Basti."),
    B("<b>Types of Koshtha:</b>"),
    BU("<b>Mridu Koshtha</b> — Soft bowel; passes stools easily; Kapha-Pitta constitution. Needs mild Virechana drugs (e.g., Haritaki, Trivrit in small dose)."),
    BU("<b>Krura Koshtha</b> — Hard bowel; constipation tendency; Vata constitution. Needs strong Virechana drugs (e.g., Trivrit, Danti, Saptala) in high dose, or Basti is preferred."),
    BU("<b>Madhyama Koshtha</b> — Moderate; Tridosha constitution; responds to moderate drugs."),
    B("<b>Importance in Panchakarma:</b> Koshtha determines drug selection, dose, and even the Panchakarma procedure of choice. Krura Koshtha patients respond better to Basti than Virechana."),
    SP(), HR(),
]

# ── SAQ Q10 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q10. Describe Thalam and Thalapothichil — Procedure, Drugs Used, and Benefits."),
    H("THALAM (1 Mark)"),
    B("<b>Definition:</b> Thalam is a Kerala special procedure (Upakarma) in which medicated herbal powder or paste mixed with oil is applied to the crown of the head (Brahmarandhra/Shira) for a specific duration."),
    B("<b>Drugs used:</b> Vacha Churna, Bhringaraja Churna, Amla, mixed with Tila Taila / Ksheerabala Taila"),
    B("<b>Procedure:</b> Patient seated. Paste applied at crown (3-5 cm thickness), retained for 30-45 minutes. Then gently removed, scalp washed."),
    B("<b>Duration:</b> 7-14 days"),
    B("<b>Indications:</b> Headache, Insomnia (Anidra), mental stress, hair loss, Ardita (facial palsy), Apasmara."),
    H("THALAPOTHICHIL (2 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Definition:</b> Thalapothichil is a Kerala special procedure where medicated herbal paste is applied all over the scalp and covered with lotus leaf or banana leaf for a specific duration. It is also called 'Siro Lepa'."),
    B("<b>Drugs used:</b>"),
    BU("Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Bhringaraja (Eclipta alba)"),
    BU("Neelini, Manjishtha, mixed with buttermilk (Takra) or Kanjee (rice water)"),
    B("<b>Procedure:</b>"),
    BU("Patient seated on chair; hair parted; scalp cleaned"),
    BU("Medicated paste applied 0.5-1 cm thick uniformly on scalp"),
    BU("Covered with lotus leaf or banana leaf and tied with cloth bandage at hairline"),
    BU("A small hole at crown left open; wick soaked in Taila placed through it"),
    BU("Retained for 45-60 minutes; then removed and scalp washed with warm water"),
    B("<b>Benefits / Indications:</b>"),
    BU("Premature greying and hair fall"),
    BU("Insomnia, anxiety, depression (Mano-Roga)"),
    BU("Burning sensation in head, headache"),
    BU("Neurological conditions — Apasmara, Manasika Vikara"),
    SP(0.3),
]

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION C — LAQ ANSWERS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story += [PageBreak(), Paragraph("SECTION C — LAQ MODEL ANSWERS (10 Marks Each)", sec_s), HR(), SP(0.1)]

# ── LAQ Q1 — VAMANA KARMA ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q1. Describe Vamana Karma in detail (Purva, Pradhana, Paschat Karma, Karmukata, Application in Shwasa & Kushta)"),
    H("Introduction (1 Mark)"),
    B("Vamana Karma is the first and most important of the Panchakarma procedures. It involves therapeutic emesis (induced vomiting) to eliminate aggravated Kapha Dosha primarily from the Amashaya (stomach/upper GI tract). According to Charaka, 'Vamanamidam Kapha-Pittaharam' — Vamana eliminates Kapha and Pitta."),
    H("Purva Karma — Pre-operative Procedures (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Pachana:</b> Digestive drugs (Trikatu, Chitrakadi Vati) given for 3-7 days to digest Ama"),
    BU("<b>Snehapana (Internal Oleation):</b> Mahatikta Ghrita or plain ghee in increasing doses (8→12→24 Pala) for 3-7 days on empty stomach. Continue till Samyak Snigdha signs appear."),
    BU("<b>Abhyanga (External Oleation):</b> Full body massage with warm Tila Taila / Bala Taila daily"),
    BU("<b>Swedana (Sudation):</b> Bashpa Sweda (steam bath) daily to mobilize Doshas to Koshtha"),
    BU("<b>Snigdha-Ushna Ahara:</b> Light, unctuous, warm diet during Purva Karma. Avoid dry, cold food."),
    BU("<b>On the day of Vamana:</b> Light Kapha-provoking diet evening before (milk, sugarcane juice, curd, sesame preparations)"),
    H("Pradhana Karma — Main Procedure (3 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Vamana Dravyas (drugs):</b> Madanaphala (Randia dumetorum) — chief drug. Also: Ikshvaku, Dhamargava, Kutaja, Nimba. Classical preparation: Madanaphala phanta (aqueous extract)."),
    B("<b>Dose of Madanaphala:</b> 2-4 Karsha (8-16 grams) in Phanta form."),
    B("<b>Adjuvants (Anupana):</b> Honey (Madhu), rock salt (Saindhava), Vacha Churna, Licorice decoction (Yashtimadhu kwatha) — to enhance emesis."),
    B("<b>Procedure:</b>"),
    BU("Patient seated on a chair of knee-height"),
    BU("Given large quantity (3-4 litres) of warm Kapha-provoking drink (milk, sugarcane juice, Madana Phanta + honey + Saindhava)"),
    BU("Vomiting induced by Kanthakarma (finger/feather to throat) if not spontaneous"),
    BU("Each episode of vomiting = 1 Vega (wave)"),
    B("<b>Assessment of Vegas (Emetic waves):</b>"),
    BU("Pravara Shuddhi (Strong): 8 Vegas — bile (Pitta) seen in last vomits"),
    BU("Madhyama Shuddhi (Moderate): 6 Vegas — Kapha seen throughout"),
    BU("Avara Shuddhi (Mild): 4 Vegas — mostly water/food only"),
    B("<b>Atiyoga (Excessive):</b> >8 Vegas, blood in vomit — Manahshila powder or cold water given to stop"),
    B("<b>Ayoga (Inadequate):</b> <4 Vegas — additional emetics or finger stimulation used"),
    H("Paschat Karma — Post-operative Care (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Dhoomapana:</b> Medicated smoking with Haridra, Vacha, Guggulu after vomiting subsides"),
    BU("<b>Gandusha:</b> Warm water gargling to soothe throat"),
    BU("<b>Rest:</b> Complete rest in warm room; avoid cold, wind, exertion, stress"),
    BU("<b>Samsarjana Krama:</b> Graduated diet for 3-7 days (Peya → Vilepi → Yusha → Krita Yusha → Odana → Mamsarasa) — duration based on Shodhana Bala"),
    BU("<b>Avoidances:</b> Cold water, cold food, day sleep, sexual activity, emotional stress, physical exertion"),
    H("Vamana Karmukata — Actions/Benefits (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Eliminates Kapha and excess Pitta from Urdhva Bhaga (upper body)"),
    BU("Kindles Agni (Deepana); lightens body (Laghava)"),
    BU("Clears channels (Sroto Shuddhi)"),
    BU("Improves complexion, voice, intellect"),
    H("Application in Disease (1 Mark)"),
    B("<b>In Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma):</b> Vamana is the primary treatment for Kapha-predominant Shwasa. Expels accumulated Kapha from Pranavaha Srotas and Amashaya. Drug: Madanaphala + Vacha + Pippali. Post-Vamana: Agnikumar Rasa, Sringyadi Churna."),
    B("<b>In Kushta (Skin diseases):</b> Vamana indicated in Kapha-Pitta type Kushta. Expels vitiated Rasa, Rakta, and Kapha. Followed by Virechana in most Kushta conditions. Classical reference: Charak. Chi. 7."),
    SP(0.2), HR(),
]

# ── LAQ Q2 — NIRUHA BASTI ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    PageBreak(),
    Q("Q2. Describe Niruha Basti in detail (Indications, Contraindications, Preparation, Procedure, Karmukata, Application in Gridhrasi)"),
    H("Introduction (1 Mark)"),
    B("Niruha Basti (also called Asthapana Basti) is a type of enema using a decoction (Kashaya)-based preparation. 'Niruha' means 'that which expels (Niruhanat)' — it expels vitiated Doshas from the large intestine. It is considered the most important of all Basti procedures."),
    B("According to Charaka: 'Ardha chikitsa' — Basti accounts for half of all treatment."),
    H("Indications (Niruha Yogya) (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Vata disorders — Gridhrasi, Pakshaghata, Kampavata"),
    BU("Gulma (abdominal tumors), Shoola (colic)"),
    BU("Vibandha (constipation), Adhyamana (distension)"),
    BU("Kushta, Prameha, Vatarakta"),
    BU("Shukra Dosha, Ashmari (urinary calculi)"),
    H("Contraindications (Niruha Ayogya) (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Atisara (diarrhea), Pravahika (dysentery)"),
    BU("Nava Jvara (acute fever), Ama condition"),
    BU("Arsha (piles — bleeding type), Bhagandara"),
    BU("Pregnancy, immediately after meals"),
    BU("Unconscious patient, Visha (poisoning — active)"),
    H("Preparation of Niruha Basti Dravya (2 Marks)"),
    B("Classical Niruha Basti is prepared with the following ingredients in specific order (Krama):"),
    BU("<b>1. Madhu (Honey):</b> 50-100 ml — added first to the bowl"),
    BU("<b>2. Saindhava Lavana (Rock Salt):</b> 5-10 g"),
    BU("<b>3. Sneha (Oil/Ghee):</b> 50-100 ml (Sesame oil or medicated Taila)"),
    BU("<b>4. Kalka (Fine paste):</b> Bilva, Shalaparni, etc. — 30-50 g"),
    BU("<b>5. Kashaya (Decoction):</b> Dashamoola, Bala, Erandamoola — 300-400 ml (added last, lukewarm)"),
    B("Mixing order: Madhu → Saindhava → Sneha → Kalka → Kashaya (always mix in this order to avoid improper emulsification)"),
    B("<b>Dose (Matra):</b> Pravara Matra = 6 Prastha (~576 ml) | Madhyama = 4 Prastha (~384 ml) | Avara = 2 Prastha (~192 ml)"),
    H("Purva Karma (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Deepana-Pachana for 3-7 days (if Ama present)"),
    BU("Abhyanga (oil massage) to abdomen and lower back"),
    BU("Nadi Sweda (steam) over lumbar region"),
    BU("Patient given light food (Laghu Ahara) on the day of Basti"),
    H("Pradhana Karma — Procedure (2 Marks)"),
    BU("Patient lies in left lateral position (Vama Parshva) with right knee folded"),
    BU("Anal region lubricated with Tila Taila"),
    BU("Basti Netra (12 Angula nozzle) lubricated and inserted gently into rectum 4-6 Angula"),
    BU("Basti Putaka (bag) filled with prepared Niruha dravya (lukewarm, ~37°C)"),
    BU("Bag squeezed with steady, moderate pressure — fluid instilled over 2-5 minutes"),
    BU("Patient instructed to retain as long as possible (ideally 48 minutes = 1 Muhurta)"),
    BU("If retention is difficult, patient lies supine with buttocks slightly elevated"),
    H("Paschat Karma (0.5 Mark)"),
    BU("Patient rests supine after Basti; gentle massage of abdomen"),
    BU("Defecation occurs within 48 minutes to 3 hours"),
    BU("Observe nature of expelled material (Samyak/Atiyoga/Ayoga Niruha signs)"),
    BU("Light diet (Yavagu, Peya) after Basti; followed by Samsarjana Krama if Samyak Shuddhi"),
    H("Niruha Karmukata (0.5 Mark)"),
    BU("Expels vitiated Vata, Pitta, Kapha and Purisha (feces) from Pakwashaya"),
    BU("Cleanses Srotas; improves strength (Bala) and complexion (Varna)"),
    BU("Balances all Doshas; indicated in most Vata-predominant diseases"),
    H("Application in Gridhrasi (Sciatica) (1 Mark)"),
    B("Gridhrasi is a Vata-dominant painful condition of the lower back and leg (resembling sciatica). Niruha Basti is the treatment of choice as it directly pacifies Pakwashaya-stha Vata."),
    BU("Drug of choice: <b>Dashamoola Basti</b> — Niruha with Dashamoola Kashaya as base"),
    BU("Followed by Anuvasana Basti with Bala Taila or Dhanwantara Taila"),
    BU("Karma Basti schedule (30 Basti) or Kala Basti (16 Basti) recommended for chronic Gridhrasi"),
    BU("Along with Upanaha Sweda (poultice) to affected area"),
    SP(0.2), HR(),
]

# ── LAQ Q3 — ABHYANTARA SNEHANA ─────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    PageBreak(),
    Q("Q3. Describe Abhyantara Snehana in detail (Types, Dose, Method, Lakshanas, Clinical Application)"),
    H("Definition (1 Mark)"),
    B("Abhyantara Snehana (Internal Oleation) is the administration of Sneha (lipid substances) orally for therapeutic purposes. It is the primary mode of Purva Karma for Shodhana procedures. The word 'Abhyantara' means internal."),
    B("<b>Methods:</b> 1. Accha Pana (pure Sneha intake) 2. Vicharana (Sneha mixed with food) 3. Anupana (Sneha taken with food) 4. Samyoga (Sneha mixed with formulations)"),
    H("Types of Sneha Dravya (1 Mark)"),
    BU("<b>Ghrita (Clarified Butter):</b> Best for Vata, Pitta, Visha; best brain tonic; medicated forms: Panchatikta Ghrita, Mahatikta Ghrita, Triphala Ghrita"),
    BU("<b>Taila (Oil):</b> Best for Kapha, Vata; Tila Taila (sesame) is supreme; medicated: Bala Taila, Ksheerabala Taila, Dhanwantara Taila"),
    BU("<b>Vasa (Animal fat):</b> Best for Kapha, muscular disorders"),
    BU("<b>Majja (Bone Marrow):</b> Best for Vata, deep tissue nourishment"),
    H("Dose of Sneha — Matra Nirdhara (2 Marks)"),
    B("Dose of Snehapana is individualized based on the patient's Koshtha (bowel nature), Agni, and Vyadhi Bala. Three dose levels:"),
]
dose_data = [
    ["Matra (Dose)", "Quantity", "Indication", "Digestion Time"],
    ["Hradya (Low)", "8 Pala (~32 ml)", "Mridu Koshtha, Pitta prakriti", "Digests by evening (~6 hrs)"],
    ["Madhyama (Medium)", "12 Pala (~48 ml)", "Sama/Madhyama Koshtha", "Digests by night (~9 hrs)"],
    ["Pravara (High)", "24 Pala (~96 ml)", "Krura Koshtha, Kapha prakriti", "Digests by next morning (~12 hrs)"],
]
dose_table = Table(dose_data, colWidths=[3*cm, 3.5*cm, 4.5*cm, 4.5*cm])
dose_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ('FONTNAME', (0,0),(-1,0), 'Helvetica-Bold'),
    ('FONTSIZE', (0,0),(-1,-1), 9),
    ('BACKGROUND', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.HexColor('#283593')),
    ('TEXTCOLOR', (0,0),(-1,0), colors.white),
    ('ALIGN', (0,0),(-1,-1), 'CENTER'),
    ('BOX', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.8, colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    ('INNERGRID', (0,0),(-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor('#9fa8da')),
    ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,1),(-1,-1), [colors.white, colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')]),
    ('TOPPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4), ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0),(-1,-1), 4),
]))
story += [dose_table, SP(0.15)]
story += [
    H("Method of Administration — Accha Pana (2 Marks)"),
    BU("Given on empty stomach (Niranna = fasting state), early morning"),
    BU("Sneha taken warm (not hot) — mixed with warm water if needed"),
    BU("Dose escalated daily: Day 1 = Hradya Matra → increase by same dose daily"),
    BU("After intake: Patient avoids cold, wind, and exercise; lies down quietly"),
    BU("Next dose given ONLY when previous day's Sneha is fully digested (check Lakshanas)"),
    BU("Anupana: Warm water (Ushna Jala) sipped throughout the day"),
    BU("Diet: Ushna (warm), Snigdha (unctuous) — light rice gruel (Yavagu)"),
    H("Snehapana Lakshanas (3 Marks)"),
    B("<b>A. Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas (Adequate oleation):</b>"),
    BU("Snigdha, Mrudu, Snigdha mala pravritti (oily/soft stools)"),
    BU("Snigdha twacha (lustrous skin), Snigdha vak (smooth voice)"),
    BU("Vata anulomana, Koshtha mardava, Laghuta"),
    BU("Diptagnita — improved hunger"),
    BU("Aruchirahita — no nausea"),
    B("<b>B. Atiyoga (Excessive oleation):</b>"),
    BU("Chardi (vomiting), Tandra (drowsiness), Daha (burning), Aruchi (anorexia)"),
    BU("Management: Tikshna Dravya (Trikatu), Langhana (fasting), Rooksha food"),
    B("<b>C. Ayoga (Insufficient oleation):</b>"),
    BU("Dryness persists — Ruksha twacha, Krura mala (hard stools), no Vata anulomana"),
    BU("Management: Continue Snehapana for more days"),
    H("Clinical Application in Vata Disorders (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Gridhrasi: Eranda Taila + Bala Taila (Ksheerabala) Snehapana before Basti"),
    BU("Pakshaghata: Mahamasha Taila Snehapana — deep Vata nourishment"),
    BU("Kampavata (Parkinson-like): Brahmi Ghrita or Ashwagandhadi Ghrita"),
    SP(0.2), HR(),
]

# ── LAQ Q4 — VIRECHANA KARMA ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    PageBreak(),
    Q("Q4. Describe Virechana Karma in detail (Classification, Purva, Pradhana, Paschat Karma, Karmukata, Application in Kushta, Vatarakta, Pakshaghata)"),
    H("Introduction (1 Mark)"),
    B("Virechana Karma is the second Panchakarma procedure involving therapeutic purgation to eliminate aggravated Pitta Dosha from Pakvashaya (large intestine) and Koshtha via the anal route. Reference: 'Virechanamidam Pitta-Kaphaghnam' — Charaka."),
    H("Classification of Virechana Dravyas (2 Marks)"),
    B("Based on potency (Veerya):"),
    BU("<b>Mridu Virechana (Mild):</b> Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Eranda Taila (Castor oil), Draksha — for Mridu Koshtha/Pitta prakriti"),
    BU("<b>Madhyama Virechana (Moderate):</b> Trivrit (Operculina turpethum) — standard choice, Aragvadha, Senna — for Madhyama Koshtha"),
    BU("<b>Tikshna Virechana (Strong):</b> Danti (Baliospermum montanum), Saptala, Shankhini — for Krura Koshtha, chronic diseases"),
    B("Based on preparation: Swarasa, Churna, Kashaya, Avaleha, Taila forms."),
    H("Purva Karma (1.5 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Pachana:</b> Trikatu/Chitrakadi Vati for 3-7 days to clear Ama"),
    BU("<b>Snehapana:</b> Tikta Ghrita (Mahatikta Ghrita) in increasing dose for 5-7 days"),
    BU("<b>Abhyanga:</b> Full body oil massage with Pitta-pacifying oils (Chandanadi Taila)"),
    BU("<b>Swedana:</b> Mild sudation — Bashpa Sweda; avoid excessive heat (Pitta aggravation)"),
    BU("<b>Pre-Virechana evening diet:</b> Light, liquid, non-Pitta-aggravating — rice gruel"),
    H("Pradhana Karma — Main Procedure (3 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Patient preparation on the day:</b> Empty stomach; morning; no exercise."),
    B("<b>Drug administration:</b>"),
    BU("Drug given orally with appropriate Anupana (warm water, milk, or Madhu)"),
    BU("Standard drug: <b>Trivrit Avaleha</b> (12-24 g) or <b>Eranda Taila</b> (30-60 ml in warm milk)"),
    BU("Patient kept fasting; given only warm water to drink"),
    B("<b>Assessment of Virechana Vegas (Purgation waves):</b>"),
    BU("Pravara Shuddhi: 30-35 Vegas — stool → bile → Kapha seen; patient feels light"),
    BU("Madhyama Shuddhi: 20-25 Vegas"),
    BU("Avara Shuddhi: 10-15 Vegas"),
    B("<b>Samyak Virechana Lakshanas:</b> Laghuta (lightness), Agni Deepti, Indriya Prasada, Hrit Shuddhata"),
    B("<b>Atiyoga (Excessive purgation):</b> Rectal prolapse, blood in stool, collapse — treat with Grahi, Stambhana drugs, Basti"),
    B("<b>Ayoga (Insufficient):</b> <10 Vegas, heaviness remains — give additional dose or wait 1 week"),
    H("Paschat Karma (1 Mark)"),
    BU("<b>Rest:</b> Complete bedrest; avoid cold, exertion, stress"),
    BU("<b>Samsarjana Krama:</b> Diet progression for 3-7 days based on Shuddhi Bala"),
    BU("<b>Avoidances:</b> Cold water/food/air; day sleep; sexual activity; emotional distress"),
    BU("<b>Follow-up:</b> Assess relief of disease; if Doshas remain, repeat after 7 days"),
    H("Virechana Karmukata (0.5 Mark)"),
    BU("Eliminates Pitta and Kapha from lower channels"),
    BU("Cleanses Rakta Dhatu, Yakrit (liver), Pleeha (spleen)"),
    BU("Improves skin complexion, vision, intelligence"),
    H("Disease Applications (1 Mark)"),
    B("<b>In Kushta (Skin diseases):</b> Virechana is primary treatment. Expels Rakta-Pitta toxins. Preferred: Trivrit + Mahatikta Ghrita Snehapana → Virechana. Then Raktamokshana."),
    B("<b>In Vatarakta (Gout):</b> Virechana eliminates Rakta and Pitta impurities. Eranda Taila is the drug of choice — mild Virechana + Snehana benefit. Followed by Basti."),
    B("<b>In Pakshaghata (Hemiplegia):</b> Though primarily Vata, accumulated Pitta-Kapha obstruction is cleared first by mild Virechana. Then Basti is the definitive treatment."),
    SP(0.2), HR(),
]

# ── LAQ Q5 — NASYA KARMA ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    PageBreak(),
    Q("Q5. Describe Nasya Karma in detail (Definition, Types, Purva, Pradhana, Paschat Karma, Karmukata, Application in Ardita & Apabahuka)"),
    H("Introduction (1 Mark)"),
    B("Nasya Karma is the administration of therapeutic substances through the nasal route (Naso = nostril). 'Nasahi Shiraso Dwaram' — The nose is the gateway to the head (Charaka Sutra 20). It is the primary Panchakarma procedure for diseases of the head and neck (Urdhwajatru Vikaras)."),
    H("Classification of Nasya (2 Marks)"),
    B("<b>1. Based on action:</b>"),
    BU("<b>Shirovirechana / Virechana Nasya:</b> Eliminates Kapha from head — strongest type. Drug: Vacha, Apamarga, Pippali powder. Used in Ardhavabhedaka, Dusta Pratishyaya."),
    BU("<b>Brimhana Nasya (Nutritive):</b> Nourishes head tissues. Drug: Ashwagandhadi Ghrita, Ksheera. Used in Shirahshoola (headache), debility, hair loss."),
    BU("<b>Shamana Nasya (Palliative):</b> Pacifies without eliminating. Drug: Anu Taila, Shadbindu Taila. Used in most chronic conditions."),
    B("<b>2. Based on quantity (Matra):</b>"),
    BU("<b>Pratimarsha Nasya:</b> 2 Bindu per nostril — can be given daily; safe for all; no Purva Karma needed"),
    BU("<b>Marsha Nasya:</b> 4-10 Bindu per nostril — therapeutic; requires Purva Karma"),
    H("Shirovirechana Gana (Important Drugs) (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Vacha (Acorus calamus) — chief drug"),
    BU("Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera)"),
    BU("Pippali (Piper longum), Maricha, Shunthi — Trikatu"),
    BU("Sarshapa (mustard), Shatapushpa"),
    H("Purva Karma (1 Mark)"),
    BU("Mild Abhyanga of face, temples, forehead, neck with warm Tila Taila"),
    BU("Mrudu Sweda — warm towel or steam to face and head"),
    BU("Patient positioned supine; head extended (neck hyperextended); shoulders slightly elevated"),
    BU("Nasal passages cleared — patient asked to blow gently"),
    H("Pradhana Karma — Main Procedure (2 Marks)"),
    BU("Physician stands to the right side of patient"),
    BU("Drug (Nasya Taila) warmed to body temperature"),
    BU("Left nostril occluded; drops instilled in right nostril first (or per direction of Vaidya)"),
    BU("For Marsha: 6-10 drops per nostril; For Pratimarsha: 2 drops per nostril"),
    BU("After instillation — patient gently sniffs; physician massages forehead, temples, cheeks, orbital ridge"),
    BU("Patient breathes slowly; drug should NOT reach throat (expectorate if it does)"),
    BU("Patient remains in supine position for 2-5 minutes after each nostril"),
    BU("Process repeated for other nostril"),
    H("Paschat Karma (1 Mark)"),
    BU("<b>Gandusha (Oil pulling/mouthwash):</b> Warm Tila Taila or Triphala Kashaya in mouth for 2-3 minutes"),
    BU("<b>Dhoomapana:</b> Medicated smoking (Haridra, Vacha, Sarshapa) — 3 times to clear remaining Kapha"),
    BU("<b>Rest:</b> 30 minutes in warm room; avoid cold air, cold drinks, cold food for rest of the day"),
    BU("<b>Avoidances on Nasya day:</b> Cold bath, anger, grief, exertion, suppression of natural urges"),
    H("Nasya Karmukata (0.5 Mark)"),
    BU("Clears Urdhwajatru (above-clavicle) Doshas"),
    BU("Improves sense organs — vision, hearing, smell, taste, speech"),
    BU("Nourishes Shira (head) and Mastishka (brain)"),
    BU("Helps in conditions: Shirahshoola, Ardhavabhedaka, Danta, Netra, Karna roga"),
    H("Application in Disease (1.5 Marks)"),
    B("<b>In Ardita (Facial Palsy / Bell's Palsy):</b>"),
    BU("Ardita = unilateral facial muscle weakness due to Vata in Urdhwajatru region"),
    BU("Nasya indicated: <b>Brimhana Nasya</b> — Ashwagandhadi Ghrita Nasya (nourishing)"),
    BU("Also: <b>Shamana Nasya</b> with Anu Taila or Ksheerabala Taila"),
    BU("Along with: Greeva Abhyanga, Nadi Sweda to face/neck, Karnapurana (ear drops with Ksheerabala Taila)"),
    BU("Duration: 7-14 days course"),
    B("<b>In Apabahuka (Frozen Shoulder):</b>"),
    BU("Apabahuka = Vata-dominant painful immobility of shoulder joint"),
    BU("Nasya with <b>Vacha Taila or Anu Taila</b> — Shirovirechana type to open Vata channels"),
    BU("Combined with Greeva-Skandha Abhyanga, Nadi Sweda, Anuvasana Basti"),
    BU("Nasya clears Vata from Amsa (shoulder) via Sira channels of the neck region"),
    SP(0.2), HR(),
]

# ── LAQ Q6 — SWEDANA KARMA ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
story += [
    Q("Q6. Describe Swedana Karma in detail (Classification, Sagni Swedana Procedure, Indications, Contraindications, Application in Sandhigata Vata & Amavata)"),
    H("Introduction (1 Mark)"),
    B("Swedana is the therapeutic procedure which produces sweating (Sweda = perspiration). 'Swedanam Stambha-Gaurava-Sheeta-Haranam' — Swedana eliminates stiffness (Stambha), heaviness (Gaurava), and cold (Sheeta). It is an essential Purva Karma before Shodhana procedures."),
    H("Classification of Swedana (2 Marks)"),
    B("<b>A. Based on use of fire (Sagni vs. Niragni):</b>"),
    BU("<b>Sagni Sweda:</b> Uses external heat source — subdivided into 13 types (Tapa, Upanaha, Ushma, Drava Sweda)"),
    BU("<b>Niragni Sweda:</b> No external heat — uses body's own heat through exercise (Vyayama), sunbathing, alcohol (Sura), heavy clothing"),
    B("<b>B. Sagni Sweda — 13 Types (Charaka):</b>"),
    BU("1. <b>Sankara</b> — Bolus poultice (Pottali Sweda, Navarakizhi, Elakizhi)"),
    BU("2. <b>Prasthara</b> — Lying on hot medicated bed"),
    BU("3. <b>Nadi</b> — Steam pipe (Nadi Sweda — steam via tube to specific area)"),
    BU("4. <b>Parisheka</b> — Pouring warm liquid over body (Dhanyamladhara, Pizhichil)"),
    BU("5. <b>Avagaha</b> — Immersion in medicated liquid (Sitz bath, full bath)"),
    BU("6. <b>Bashpa</b> — Steam bath (steam room/sauna — whole body)"),
    BU("7. <b>Jentaka</b> — Hot room (oven-type room heated from outside)"),
    BU("8. <b>Ashmaghna</b> — Hot stone application"),
    BU("9. <b>Karshoo</b> — Hot pit filled with paddy husk"),
    BU("10. <b>Kuti</b> — Specially constructed heated hut"),
    BU("11. <b>Bhu</b> — Hot ground/sand bath"),
    BU("12. <b>Holaka</b> — Burning straw around body"),
    BU("13. <b>Kukkuta Upanaha</b> — Warm poultice with bird/animal body heat"),
    H("Procedure of Saagni Swedana — Bashpa/Nadi Sweda (2 Marks)"),
    BU("<b>Purva Karma:</b> Abhyanga (oil massage) with warm Tila Taila all over body for 15-20 minutes"),
    BU("<b>Preparation:</b> Steam generator or Nadi Sweda pipe with Dashamoola/Bala/Vata-pacifying decoction"),
    BU("<b>Positioning:</b> Patient sits or lies in steam chamber; eyes and genitals protected with cold cloth"),
    BU("<b>Duration:</b> 10-20 minutes (till Samyak Swinna signs appear)"),
    BU("<b>Samyak Swinna Lakshanas:</b> Stambha-Gaurava disappears; skin becomes moist and warm; patient feels comfortable and light"),
    BU("<b>Paschat Karma:</b> Wipe with clean dry warm towel; patient rests in warm room; avoid cold and draught for 1 hour"),
    H("Indications and Contraindications (1.5 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Indications (Sweda Yogya):</b>"),
    BU("Vata-Kapha disorders: Sandhigata Vata, Gridhrasi, Ardita, Amavata, Kasa, Shwasa"),
    BU("Stambha (stiffness), Gaurava (heaviness), Shoola (pain), Shotha (swelling) of Vata/Kapha"),
    BU("Before Shodhana Karma (as Purva Karma)"),
    B("<b>Contraindications (Sweda Ayogya):</b>"),
    BU("Rakta Pitta (bleeding disorders), Daha (burning), Trisha (thirst)"),
    BU("Pregnancy, acute fever, Madhumeha, Shotha of Pitta origin"),
    BU("Excessive fatigue, alcohol intoxication"),
    H("Application in Sandhigata Vata and Amavata (1.5 Marks)"),
    B("<b>Sandhigata Vata (Osteoarthritis):</b>"),
    BU("Swedana type: <b>Bashpa Sweda + Upanaha Sweda</b> (local poultice)"),
    BU("Upanaha (poultice) ingredients: Vacha, Dashamoola, Saindhava, Tila Taila — applied warm to affected joints"),
    BU("Nadi Sweda with Dashamoola decoction to painful joints"),
    BU("Reduces Stambha, Shoola; lubricates joint; improves mobility"),
    B("<b>Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis):</b>"),
    BU("<b>Rooksha Sweda (Dry Sweda) is indicated</b> — NOT Snigdha Sweda (no oil in Ama stage)"),
    BU("Valuka Sweda (sand bag), Churna Pinda Sweda (herbal powder bolus) — DRY heat"),
    BU("Avoid Snigdha (oily) Sweda in active Amavata — it increases Ama"),
    BU("After Ama is resolved (Nirama stage): Snigdha Sweda allowed"),
    B("<b>Key principle:</b> In Amavata — 'Lankhanam Paramoushadham' — Fasting is the primary treatment; Rooksha Sweda second."),
    SP(0.3),
]

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# FOOTER
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story += [
    HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=2, color=colors.HexColor('#1a237e')),
    SP(0.1),
    Paragraph("Complete Answer Key — AyUG-PK | III BAMS | Gujarat University | Panchakarma & Upakarma Paper 1", note_s),
    Paragraph("References: Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana), Sushruta Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana), Ashtanga Hridayam (Sutra Sthana), Sharangadhara Samhita", note_s),
]

doc.build(story)
print(f"Answer Key PDF created: {OUTPUT}")