from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Pt
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH


def add_heading(doc, text, level=1):
    h = doc.add_heading(text, level=level)
    return h


def add_para(doc, text, bold=False):
    p = doc.add_paragraph()
    run = p.add_run(text)
    run.bold = bold
    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(8)
    return p


doc = Document()

# Title
p = doc.add_paragraph()
p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
run = p.add_run('Eye Strain and Screen Exposure')
run.bold = True
run.font.size = Pt(18)

p2 = doc.add_paragraph()
p2.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
run2 = p2.add_run('Prepared by: Sabiya | 6th Semester, B.Sc. Optometry')
run2.italic = True
run2.font.size = Pt(11)

doc.add_paragraph('')

add_heading(doc, 'Introduction', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'Digital eye strain, also called computer vision syndrome, is a group of visual and ocular surface symptoms that occur with prolonged use of digital screens such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop monitors. The condition is increasingly common among students and working professionals due to long study hours, online classes, and continuous near work.')

add_heading(doc, 'Definition and Clinical Relevance', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'Digital eye strain can be defined as the development or worsening of recurrent ocular symptoms and signs related specifically to viewing digital screens. Commonly reported prevalence in different populations ranges widely, but several modern reviews confirm that the burden is high in screen users. The condition affects comfort, reading efficiency, attention, and productivity.')

add_heading(doc, 'Common Symptoms', level=1)
symptoms = [
    'Eye fatigue and heaviness (asthenopia)',
    'Headache, especially after prolonged near work',
    'Burning sensation, irritation, watering, or dryness',
    'Blurred vision (intermittent distance or near blur)',
    'Redness and photophobia in some individuals',
    'Neck and shoulder pain due to poor posture and workstation ergonomics'
]
for s in symptoms:
    add_para(doc, f'• {s}')

add_heading(doc, 'Pathophysiology and Mechanisms', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'The symptoms are multifactorial and often overlap. Major mechanisms include reduced and incomplete blink during concentration, tear film instability, and ocular surface desiccation. In addition, uncorrected refractive error and binocular vision problems can trigger or worsen asthenopia. Prolonged accommodation and convergence demand during near tasks can produce visual discomfort and headache in susceptible individuals.')

add_heading(doc, 'Risk Factors', level=1)
risk = [
    'Continuous screen use without breaks',
    'Poor ambient lighting, glare, and high display brightness contrast',
    'Improper viewing distance or screen position',
    'Small font size and prolonged reading tasks',
    'Uncorrected refractive errors and dry eye disease',
    'Pre-existing binocular vision or accommodative anomalies'
]
for r in risk:
    add_para(doc, f'• {r}')

add_heading(doc, 'Assessment in Optometry Practice', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'A structured clinical evaluation is important. History should include daily screen time, task type, symptom timing, break pattern, and workstation setup. Examination should include visual acuity, refraction, binocular vision assessment, accommodative function, and dry eye workup (symptoms plus objective signs). Validated questionnaires for digital eye strain can be used for baseline and follow-up.')

add_heading(doc, 'Management and Prevention', level=1)
management_points = [
    'Provide accurate refractive correction for working distance',
    'Advise regular visual breaks (for example, the 20-20-20 strategy)',
    'Encourage conscious complete blinking and blink training',
    'Optimize ergonomics: screen at comfortable eye level, appropriate distance, reduced glare',
    'Adjust display settings: readable font size, comfortable contrast and brightness',
    'Use lubricating eye drops when indicated for dry eye symptoms',
    'Treat associated binocular/accommodative dysfunction where present'
]
for m in management_points:
    add_para(doc, f'• {m}')

add_heading(doc, 'Blue-Light Filtering: Current Evidence', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'Recent systematic reviews do not show consistent high-quality evidence that blue-light blocking spectacles reduce digital eye strain symptoms in most users. Therefore, they should not replace core management such as proper refraction, blinking strategies, regular breaks, and environmental optimization.')

add_heading(doc, 'Practical Patient Advice for Students', level=1)
student_advice = [
    'Keep screen at about arm’s length and slightly below primary gaze',
    'Study in balanced room illumination; avoid reflections on screen',
    'Take short frequent breaks during reading and online learning',
    'Increase text size instead of leaning forward',
    'Blink fully while reading continuously',
    'Get periodic optometric eye examinations'
]
for a in student_advice:
    add_para(doc, f'• {a}')

add_heading(doc, 'Conclusion', level=1)
add_para(doc, 'Eye strain from screen exposure is a common and clinically relevant problem in modern optometric practice. It is best approached through comprehensive assessment and individualized management rather than one single remedy. Early identification, correction of visual factors, ocular surface care, and ergonomic counseling can significantly reduce symptoms and improve quality of life in digital device users.')

add_heading(doc, 'References', level=1)
refs = [
    'Singh S, McGuinness MB, Anderson AJ, Downie LE. Interventions for the Management of Computer Vision Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2022;129(11):1192-1215. PMID: 35597519.',
    'Wolffsohn JS, et al. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of the digital environment on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf. 2023;29:213-252. PMID: 37062428.',
    'Pucker AD, Kerr AM, Sanderson J, Lievens C. Digital Eye Strain: Updated Perspectives. Clin Optom. 2024;16:99-115. PMID: 39308959.',
    'The Wills Eye Manual - Office and Emergency Room Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Disease (for asthenopia and refractive contributors).',
    'Adams and Victor\'s Principles of Neurology, 12th Edition (for refractive error and headache relationship).'
]
for i, r in enumerate(refs, 1):
    add_para(doc, f'{i}. {r}')

output_path = '/home/daytona/workspace/sabiya-article/Eye_Strain_and_Screen_Exposure_Sabiya_6thSem_BSc_Optometry.docx'
doc.save(output_path)
print(output_path)