from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table, TableStyle,
    HRFlowable, ListFlowable, ListItem
)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_LEFT, TA_CENTER, TA_JUSTIFY

OUTPUT = "/tmp/workspace/blood-safety-pdf/Blood_Safety_Measures.pdf"

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT,
    pagesize=A4,
    rightMargin=2*cm, leftMargin=2*cm,
    topMargin=2.2*cm, bottomMargin=2.2*cm,
    title="Blood Safety Measures",
    author="MD Community Medicine Notes"
)

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

# ── Custom styles ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
BLUE  = colors.HexColor("#1a4f8b")
LBLUE = colors.HexColor("#dce8f7")
TEAL  = colors.HexColor("#14728a")

h_title = ParagraphStyle("h_title", parent=styles["Heading1"],
    fontSize=18, textColor=colors.white, spaceAfter=4,
    alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica-Bold")

h_sub = ParagraphStyle("h_sub", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=10, textColor=colors.white, alignment=TA_CENTER,
    spaceAfter=2, fontName="Helvetica")

h1 = ParagraphStyle("h1", parent=styles["Heading2"],
    fontSize=13, textColor=BLUE, spaceBefore=14, spaceAfter=4,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", borderPad=2)

h2 = ParagraphStyle("h2", parent=styles["Heading3"],
    fontSize=11, textColor=TEAL, spaceBefore=8, spaceAfter=3,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold")

body = ParagraphStyle("body", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontSize=10, leading=15, spaceAfter=4, alignment=TA_JUSTIFY,
    fontName="Helvetica")

bullet = ParagraphStyle("bullet", parent=body,
    leftIndent=16, bulletIndent=4, spaceAfter=2)

sub_bullet = ParagraphStyle("sub_bullet", parent=body,
    leftIndent=32, bulletIndent=16, spaceAfter=2, fontSize=9.5)

label_bold = ParagraphStyle("label_bold", parent=body,
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", spaceAfter=2)

note_box = ParagraphStyle("note_box", parent=body,
    backColor=LBLUE, borderPad=6, fontSize=9.5,
    leftIndent=8, rightIndent=8, spaceAfter=6)

# ── Helper ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def B(text): return f"<b>{text}</b>"
def I(text): return f"<i>{text}</i>"

def bp(text, style=bullet):
    return Paragraph(f"• &nbsp;{text}", style)

def sbp(text):
    return Paragraph(f"– &nbsp;{text}", sub_bullet)

def section_header(text):
    return Paragraph(text, h1)

def sub_header(text):
    return Paragraph(text, h2)

# ── Content ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story = []

# ── Title banner (table trick) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
title_data = [[
    Paragraph("Q.3 &nbsp; Blood Safety Measures", h_title),
], [
    Paragraph("MD Community Medicine – Simple English Notes (University Exam) &nbsp;|&nbsp; 10 Marks", h_sub),
]]
title_table = Table(title_data, colWidths=[17*cm])
title_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,-1), BLUE),
    ("ROUNDEDCORNERS", [6]),
    ("TOPPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
    ("LEFTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 14),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 14),
]))
story.append(title_table)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Definition ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Paragraph(
    B("Definition: ") + "Blood safety means ensuring that blood and blood products are "
    "<b>safe, effective, and free from infections</b>, so that they do not harm the patient.",
    note_box))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=BLUE, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Introduction ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(section_header("Introduction"))
story.append(Paragraph("Blood transfusion is a life-saving treatment used in:", body))

uses = ["Severe anaemia", "Trauma / accidents", "Surgery",
        "Pregnancy complications", "Cancer", "Bleeding disorders"]
for u in uses:
    story.append(bp(u))

story.append(Spacer(1, 6))
story.append(Paragraph("However, <b>unsafe blood</b> can transmit infections such as:", body))

infections = ["HIV", "Hepatitis B (HBV)", "Hepatitis C (HCV)", "Syphilis", "Malaria"]
for inf in infections:
    story.append(bp(inf))

story.append(Spacer(1, 4))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "Therefore, every blood transfusion should follow strict <b>blood safety measures</b>.", body))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.lightgrey, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Objectives ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(section_header("Objectives of Blood Safety"))
objectives = [
    "Ensure safe blood for every patient.",
    "Prevent transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs).",
    "Promote voluntary blood donation.",
    "Reduce unnecessary blood transfusions.",
    "Improve quality of blood transfusion services.",
]
for o in objectives:
    story.append(bp(o))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.lightgrey, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Measures ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(section_header("Blood Safety Measures"))

# 1. VNRBD
story.append(sub_header("1.  Voluntary Non-Remunerated Blood Donation (VNRBD)"))
for t in [
    "Blood should be collected from <b>healthy voluntary donors</b>.",
    "Paid / professional donors should <b>not</b> be accepted.",
    "Regular voluntary donors are the <b>safest donors</b>.",
]:
    story.append(bp(t))
story.append(Spacer(1, 4))
story.append(Paragraph(B("Advantages:"), label_bold))
for a in ["Lower risk of infections.", "Better quality blood.", "Adequate blood supply."]:
    story.append(sbp(a))

# 2. Donor Selection
story.append(sub_header("2.  Proper Donor Selection"))
story.append(Paragraph("Every donor should be <b>medically examined</b>.", body))

story.append(Paragraph(B("History enquiry:"), label_bold))
for h in ["Fever", "Previous hepatitis", "HIV risk behaviour", "Recent surgery",
          "Pregnancy", "Drug abuse", "Recent vaccination"]:
    story.append(sbp(h))

story.append(Paragraph(B("Physical examination criteria:"), label_bold))
criteria = [
    ["Parameter", "Requirement"],
    ["Age", "18–65 years"],
    ["Weight", "≥ 45 kg (350 mL) or ≥ 55 kg (450 mL) per national guidelines"],
    ["Haemoglobin – Male", "≥ 13.0 g/dL"],
    ["Haemoglobin – Female", "≥ 12.5 g/dL"],
    ["Pulse", "Normal"],
    ["Blood Pressure", "Normal"],
    ["Body Temperature", "Normal"],
]
tbl = Table(criteria, colWidths=[5.5*cm, 11.5*cm])
tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,0), BLUE),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",  (0,0), (-1,0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",   (0,0), (-1,0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 9.5),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS", (0,1), (-1,-1), [colors.white, LBLUE]),
    ("GRID",       (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.4, colors.grey),
    ("TOPPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("LEFTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
]))
story.append(tbl)
story.append(Spacer(1, 4))
story.append(Paragraph("Only <b>healthy persons</b> should donate blood.", note_box))

# 3. Safe Collection
story.append(sub_header("3.  Safe Blood Collection"))
for t in [
    "Use sterile disposable needles.",
    "Use sterile blood bags.",
    "Follow aseptic technique.",
    "Maintain proper donor identification.",
]:
    story.append(bp(t))

# 4. Mandatory Screening
story.append(sub_header("4.  Mandatory Blood Screening"))
story.append(Paragraph("Every unit of blood <b>must</b> be tested for:", body))
for t in ["HIV-1 & HIV-2", "Hepatitis B (HBsAg)", "Hepatitis C (HCV)",
          "Syphilis", "Malaria"]:
    story.append(bp(t))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "<b>Blood should never be transfused without screening.</b>", note_box))

# 5. Blood Grouping
story.append(sub_header("5.  Blood Grouping and Cross-Matching"))
for t in ["Determine ABO blood group.",
          "Determine Rh type.",
          "Perform cross-matching between donor and recipient."]:
    story.append(bp(t))
story.append(Paragraph("This <b>prevents transfusion reactions</b>.", body))

# 6. Storage
story.append(sub_header("6.  Safe Storage of Blood"))
storage = [
    ["Blood Component", "Storage Temperature"],
    ["Whole Blood", "2 – 6 °C"],
    ["Platelets", "20 – 24 °C (continuous agitation)"],
    ["Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)", "−30 °C or below"],
]
stbl = Table(storage, colWidths=[8.5*cm, 8.5*cm])
stbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,0), TEAL),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",  (0,0), (-1,0), colors.white),
    ("FONTNAME",   (0,0), (-1,0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 9.5),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS", (0,1), (-1,-1), [colors.white, LBLUE]),
    ("GRID",       (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.4, colors.grey),
    ("TOPPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("LEFTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
]))
story.append(stbl)
story.append(Spacer(1, 4))
story.append(bp("Monitor expiry date closely."))

# 7. Component Therapy
story.append(sub_header("7.  Component Therapy"))
story.append(Paragraph("Instead of whole blood, separate blood into components:", body))
for c in ["Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC)",
          "Platelet Concentrate",
          "Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)",
          "Cryoprecipitate"]:
    story.append(bp(c))
story.append(Spacer(1, 4))
story.append(Paragraph(B("Advantages:"), label_bold))
for a in ["Better use of one blood donation.",
          "Fewer transfusion reactions.",
          "Less wastage."]:
    story.append(sbp(a))

# 8. Rational Use
story.append(sub_header("8.  Rational Use of Blood"))
for t in ["Transfuse blood <b>only when indicated</b>.",
          "Avoid unnecessary transfusions.",
          "Follow national transfusion guidelines."]:
    story.append(bp(t))

# 9. Quality Assurance
story.append(sub_header("9.  Quality Assurance"))
story.append(Paragraph("Every blood bank should have:", body))
for t in ["Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)",
          "Quality control",
          "Internal and external quality assessment",
          "Equipment maintenance",
          "Staff training"]:
    story.append(bp(t))

# 10. Haemovigilance
story.append(sub_header("10.  Haemovigilance"))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "<b>Haemovigilance</b> means monitoring adverse events related to blood donation and transfusion.",
    body))
story.append(Paragraph(B("Objectives:"), label_bold))
for t in ["Detect transfusion reactions.",
          "Report adverse events.",
          "Improve patient safety."]:
    story.append(bp(t))

# 11. NBTP
story.append(sub_header("11.  National Blood Transfusion Programme (NBTP)"))
story.append(Paragraph("Government initiatives include:", body))
for t in ["National Blood Policy",
          "National Blood Transfusion Council (NBTC)",
          "State Blood Transfusion Councils (SBTCs)",
          "Voluntary blood donation campaigns",
          "Quality standards for blood banks"]:
    story.append(bp(t))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.lightgrey, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Role of Community Physician ───────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(section_header("Role of Community Physician"))
for t in ["Promote voluntary blood donation.",
          "Organize blood donation camps.",
          "Educate the public.",
          "Supervise blood safety measures.",
          "Ensure quality assurance.",
          "Monitor transfusion-transmitted infections.",
          "Support haemovigilance."]:
    story.append(bp(t))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.lightgrey, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Recent Updates ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(section_header("Recent Updates"))
for t in [
    "Promotion of <b>100% voluntary blood donation</b>.",
    "Strengthening of <b>Haemovigilance Programme of India (HvPI)</b>.",
    "Digital blood bank information systems such as <b>e-RaktKosh</b>.",
    "Improved screening using advanced laboratory methods where available.",
]:
    story.append(bp(t))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5, color=colors.lightgrey, spaceAfter=8))

# ── Advantages & Challenges ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
adv_ch_data = [
    [
        Paragraph(B("Advantages of Blood Safety"), h2),
        Paragraph(B("Challenges"), h2),
    ],
    [
        "\n".join([
            "• Prevents HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis, malaria.",
            "• Reduces transfusion reactions.",
            "• Saves lives.",
            "• Increases public confidence.",
            "• Improves quality of healthcare.",
        ]),
        "\n".join([
            "• Shortage of voluntary donors.",
            "• Seasonal blood shortages.",
            "• Limited component separation in some areas.",
            "• Lack of public awareness.",
            "• Quality maintenance in remote blood banks.",
        ]),
    ]
]
ac_tbl = Table(adv_ch_data, colWidths=[8.5*cm, 8.5*cm])
ac_tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (0,0), colors.HexColor("#d4edda")),
    ("BACKGROUND", (1,0), (1,0), colors.HexColor("#fce8e8")),
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,1), (0,1), colors.HexColor("#eaf5ec")),
    ("BACKGROUND", (1,1), (1,1), colors.HexColor("#fdf3f3")),
    ("GRID",       (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, colors.grey),
    ("VALIGN",     (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
    ("TOPPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("LEFTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("FONTSIZE",   (0,1), (-1,-1), 9.5),
    ("LEADING",    (0,1), (-1,-1), 14),
]))
story.append(ac_tbl)
story.append(Spacer(1, 10))

# ── Conclusion ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1.5, color=BLUE, spaceAfter=6))
story.append(section_header("Conclusion"))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "Blood safety is an essential part of public health. Safe donor selection, mandatory screening, "
    "proper storage, rational use of blood, quality assurance, and haemovigilance help ensure that "
    "every patient receives <b>safe, effective, and infection-free blood</b>, thereby reducing "
    "morbidity and mortality.",
    body))

story.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1.5, color=BLUE, spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4))
story.append(Paragraph(
    "MD Community Medicine – Simple English Notes | Blood Safety Measures (10 Marks)",
    ParagraphStyle("footer", parent=body, fontSize=8, textColor=colors.grey, alignment=TA_CENTER)
))

# ── Build ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF created: {OUTPUT}")