Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Definition TIA is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, spinal cord, or retina. It causes temporary neurological symptoms without permanent brain damage. Symptoms usually last less than 1 hour (always less than 24 hours). TIA is often called a "warning stroke" because it increases the risk of a future stroke. Slide 2: Causes & Symptoms Causes Atherosclerosis Cardioembolism (e.g., atrial fibrillation) Small vessel disease Risk factors: Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Smoking Hyperlipidemia Symptoms Sudden weakness or numbness on one side Difficulty speaking (slurred speech) Temporary loss of vision Dizziness or loss of balance Symptoms resolve completely Slide 3: Pharmacological Management (KDT) Drug Therapy Antiplatelet Drugs Aspirin (first-line) Clopidogrel Aspirin + Clopidogrel (short-term in high-risk TIA) Anticoagulants Warfarin or DOACs Used in TIA due to atrial fibrillation Statins Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin Slide 4: Prevention & Conclusion Prevention Control blood pressure Control diabetes Stop smoking Healthy diet & regular exercise Reduce cholesterol with statins Conclusion TIA is a medical emergency and a warning sign of stroke. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment reduce the risk of future stroke. Antiplatelets, anticoagulants (when indicated), statins, and lifestyle modification are the main treatments. Thank You Give me PPT presentation in four slides with simple background