Difference between communicable and non communicable disease
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WHO communicable diseases noncommunicable diseases definition
| Feature | Communicable disease | Non-communicable disease |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | An illness caused by infectious agents that can spread between people, animals, or through the environment. | An illness that does not spread from one person to another. |
| Cause | Viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, or other pathogens. | Genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors, often in combination. |
| Spread | May spread by air, droplets, direct contact, contaminated food/water, blood, vectors such as mosquitoes, etc. | No person-to-person transmission. |
| Usual course | Often acute, though some infections can become chronic. | Usually long-term or chronic. |
| Examples | Tuberculosis, influenza, COVID-19, malaria, cholera, HIV/AIDS. | Heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, asthma/COPD. |
| Prevention | Vaccination, hand hygiene, safe water and food, sanitation, vector control, isolation when needed. | Healthy diet, exercise, avoiding tobacco and harmful alcohol use, reducing air pollution exposure, screening and long-term care. |
| Treatment focus | Treat the infection and prevent transmission. | Control risk factors, treat disease long-term, and prevent complications. |
In short: Communicable diseases are infectious and transmissible. Non-communicable diseases are not infectious or transmissible and commonly need long-term management. WHO describes NCDs as conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung disease, often linked to genetic, environmental, physiological, and behavioral factors in its NCD overview.
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Communicable disease म्हणजे काय?
जे आजार एका व्यक्तीकडून दुसऱ्या व्यक्तीला पसरू शकतात, त्यांना communicable diseases म्हणतात.
- कारण: bacteria, virus, parasite etc.
- पसरण्याचे मार्ग: हवा, खोकला-शिंक, contact, पाणी/food, mosquito.
- Examples: TB, flu, COVID-19, malaria, cholera
Prevention: vaccine, hand washing, clean water, mask or isolation गरजेनुसार.
Non-communicable disease म्हणजे काय?
जे आजार एका व्यक्तीकडून दुसऱ्याला पसरत नाहीत, त्यांना non-communicable diseases (NCDs) म्हणतात.
- कारण: चुकीचा diet, कमी exercise, tobacco, alcohol, genetics, pollution etc.
- हे बहुतेक वेळा long-term/chronic असतात.
- Examples: diabetes, BP, heart disease, cancer, asthma
Prevention: healthy food, regular exercise, tobacco avoid करणे, regular check-up.
एका line मध्ये:
Communicable = पसरतो.
Non-communicable = पसरत नाही.
Communicable = पसरतो.
Non-communicable = पसरत नाही.
Chart madhe de
| Point | Communicable Disease | Non-communicable Disease |
|---|---|---|
| Meaning | Jo disease ek person pasun dusrya person la pasarto | Jo disease ek person pasun dusrya person la pasarat nahi |
| Cause | Virus, bacteria, parasite, fungi | Bad diet, lack of exercise, tobacco, alcohol, genetics etc. |
| Spread | Air, cough, sneeze, contact, food-water, mosquito | Spread hot nahi |
| Nature | Mostly infectious | Mostly chronic / long-term |
| Examples | TB, flu, COVID-19, malaria, cholera | Diabetes, BP, heart disease, cancer, asthma |
| Prevention | Vaccine, handwash, clean water, mask, mosquito control | Healthy diet, exercise, no tobacco, regular check-up |
Short trick:
Communicable = Communicate/Spread hoto
Non-communicable = Spread hot nahi
Communicable = Communicate/Spread hoto
Non-communicable = Spread hot nahi
Definition
Reading File
Communicable disease:
Jo disease ek vyakti pasun dusrya vyaktila spread/pasarto, tyala communicable disease mhantat.
Example: TB, flu, COVID-19.
Jo disease ek vyakti pasun dusrya vyaktila spread/pasarto, tyala communicable disease mhantat.
Example: TB, flu, COVID-19.
Non-communicable disease:
Jo disease ek vyakti pasun dusrya vyaktila spread hot nahi, tyala non-communicable disease mhantat.
Example: diabetes, BP, heart disease.
Jo disease ek vyakti pasun dusrya vyaktila spread hot nahi, tyala non-communicable disease mhantat.
Example: diabetes, BP, heart disease.
Scientificly sang
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communicable AND noncommunicable diseases
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WHO definition communicable disease infectious disease noncommunicable disease
Scientific Definitions
| Type | Definition |
|---|---|
| Communicable disease | An illness caused by a specific infectious agent, or its toxins, which is transmitted from an infected person, animal, or environmental reservoir to a susceptible host, either directly or indirectly. |
| Non-communicable disease (NCD) | A disease that is not transmitted directly from one person to another. It is generally long-duration and results from a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors. |
Examples:
- Communicable: tuberculosis, malaria, COVID-19
- Non-communicable: diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, heart disease
WHO describes communicable disease as an infectious illness transmitted from a person, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host in its communicable disease manual.
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Reading File
Communicable Disease
Specific infectious agent (virus, bacteria, parasite, fungi) किंवा त्याच्या toxin मुळे होणारा आणि infected person, animal किंवा environment मधून susceptible person ला direct किंवा indirect पद्धतीने transmit होणारा आजार म्हणजे communicable disease.
Examples: TB, malaria, COVID-19.
Non-communicable Disease
जो आजार एका व्यक्तीकडून दुसऱ्या व्यक्तीला transmit होत नाही आणि जो genetic, physiological, environmental व behavioural factors यांच्या combination मुळे होतो, त्याला non-communicable disease म्हणतात. हे diseases बहुतेक वेळा long-term असतात.
Examples: diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cancer.
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