In type 2 diabetes mellitus of old age, hyperglycemia which is not reducing though insulin is administered and have higher plasma glucagon.whats the reason A.translocation of glut 4 transporter B.Counter regulatory hormone is acting more
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type 2 diabetes hyperglucagonemia insulin counter regulatory hormone mechanism
Answer: B. Counter-regulatory hormone is acting more.
Glucagon is a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin. In type 2 diabetes, glucagon may be inappropriately high and not adequately suppressed. It increases hepatic glucose production by:
- Glycogenolysis
- Gluconeogenesis
Therefore, even when insulin is administered, high glucagon can sustain hyperglycemia, especially if insulin resistance is also present.
Why not A? GLUT-4 translocation is an insulin action in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Impaired GLUT-4 translocation contributes to insulin resistance, but it does not explain the stated finding of high plasma glucagon as directly as option B. Endotext overview describes impaired glucagon regulation as a contributor to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
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