mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/denture-resin-pptx && ls /home/daytona/workspac…

~/denture-resin-pptx/create_presentation.js

const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");

const pres = new pptxgen();
pres.layout = "LAYOUT_16x9";
pres.title = "Heat-Activated Denture Base Acrylic Resin";
pres.author = "Orris";

// ─── Color Palette ───
const C = {
  navy:    "0B2545",   // dominant dark bg
  teal:    "1D7A8A",   // accent / section headers
  sky:     "5EC8D8",   // highlight text / bullets
  cream:   "F0EDE4",   // body text on dark
  white:   "FFFFFF",
  amber:   "F4A024",   // call-out accent
  red:     "D94F3D",   // warning / disadvantages
  green:   "3DAA6A",   // advantages
  charcoal:"2C2C2C",
  lightbg: "EBF5F7",   // light slide bg
};

const FONT = "Calibri";

// ─── Helper: dark title slide ───
function darkSlide(pres, title, subtitle = "") {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: C.navy } });
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    color: C.cream, fontFace: FONT, align: "center", valign: "middle",
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  if (subtitle) {
    sl.addText(subtitle, {
      x: 0.5, y: 3.3, w: 9, h: 0.9, fontSize: 20,
      color: C.sky, fontFace: FONT, align: "center", valign: "middle",
    });
  }
  return sl;
}

// ─── Helper: section divider ───
function sectionDivider(pres, label) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: C.teal } });
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  sl.addText(label, {
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    color: C.white, fontFace: FONT, align: "center", valign: "middle",
  });
  return sl;
}

// ─── Helper: content slide (left header bar + body) ───
function contentSlide(pres, heading, bullets, opts = {}) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: C.lightbg } });
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  sl.addText(heading, {
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    color: C.cream, fontFace: FONT, align: "left", valign: "middle", margin: 0,
  });

  const items = bullets.map((b, i) => {
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    // Rich: { text, sub, color }
    const parts = [{ text: b.text, options: { bullet: true, bold: b.bold || false, color: b.color || C.charcoal, fontSize: opts.fontSize || 15, fontFace: FONT } }];
    if (b.sub) {
      parts.push({ text: "\n  " + b.sub, options: { fontSize: (opts.fontSize || 15) - 2, color: "555555", fontFace: FONT } });
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  }).flat();

  sl.addText(items, {
    x: 0.42, y: 0.85, w: 9.3, h: 4.6, valign: "top",
  });
  return sl;
}

// ─── Helper: two-column slide ───
function twoColumnSlide(pres, heading, leftTitle, leftItems, rightTitle, rightItems, lColor, rColor) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 5.625, fill: { color: C.lightbg } });
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0, y: 0, w: 10, h: 0.72, fill: { color: C.navy } });
  sl.addText(heading, {
    x: 0.28, y: 0.08, w: 9.4, h: 0.55, fontSize: 20, bold: true,
    color: C.cream, fontFace: FONT, align: "left", valign: "middle", margin: 0,
  });

  // Left column header
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 0.25, y: 0.85, w: 4.5, h: 0.42, fill: { color: lColor }, line: { color: lColor } });
  sl.addText(leftTitle, { x: 0.25, y: 0.85, w: 4.5, h: 0.42, fontSize: 14, bold: true, color: C.white, fontFace: FONT, align: "center" });
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  sl.addText(lBullets, { x: 0.3, y: 1.35, w: 4.4, h: 4.0, valign: "top" });

  // Right column header
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x: 5.25, y: 0.85, w: 4.5, h: 0.42, fill: { color: rColor }, line: { color: rColor } });
  sl.addText(rightTitle, { x: 5.25, y: 0.85, w: 4.5, h: 0.42, fontSize: 14, bold: true, color: C.white, fontFace: FONT, align: "center" });
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  }));
  sl.addText(rBullets, { x: 5.3, y: 1.35, w: 4.4, h: 4.0, valign: "top" });

  return sl;
}

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SLIDE 1 — Title
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
darkSlide(pres,
  "Heat-Activated Denture Base\nAcrylic Resin",
  "Composition · Polymerization · Properties · Clinical Applications"
);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SLIDE 2 — Outline
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
contentSlide(pres, "Lecture Outline", [
  "1.  Introduction & Classification",
  "2.  Composition of Heat-Activated PMMA",
  "3.  Mechanism of Polymerization",
  "4.  Processing Stages (Dough States)",
  "5.  Curing Cycles (Water-Bath & Dry Heat)",
  "6.  Properties — Mechanical, Physical & Biological",
  "7.  Residual Monomer & Its Significance",
  "8.  Advantages & Disadvantages",
  "9.  Troubleshooting & Porosity",
  "10. Clinical Applications",
  "11. Summary",
], { fontSize: 16 });

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 1 — Introduction
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 1: Introduction & Classification");

contentSlide(pres, "Introduction — Denture Base Resins", [
  "Denture base: the part of a denture resting on the oral mucosa, supporting the artificial teeth.",
  "Ideal properties: strength, esthetics, dimensional accuracy, biocompatibility, ease of repair.",
  "Poly(methyl methacrylate) — PMMA — has been the gold standard since the 1940s.",
  "ISO 1567 classifies denture base polymers into 5 types based on form and activation method.",
  "Type 1: Heat-polymerized (powder-liquid) — the focus of this lecture.",
  "Other types include: autopolymerizing, thermoplastic blanks, light-activated, microwave-activated.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Why Heat Activation?", [
  "Heat provides the activation energy to initiate free-radical chain-addition polymerization.",
  "Results in higher molecular weight polymer → superior mechanical properties vs. self-cure.",
  "Lower residual monomer content (< 0.5%) compared to cold-cure resins (> 2%).",
  "Better color stability, translucency and surface finish.",
  "More predictable dimensional accuracy when correct processing cycles are used.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 2 — Composition
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 2: Composition");

contentSlide(pres, "Composition — The Powder (Polymer Phase)", [
  "Pre-polymerized PMMA beads (90–95%) — provide the bulk of the material.",
  "Initiator: Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) ~0.5% — releases free radicals when heated above 60–70°C.",
  "Pigments: iron oxides, cadmium salts → pink/flesh color mimicking gingival tissue.",
  "Opacifiers: titanium dioxide — reduces translucency for esthetic shading.",
  "Plasticizers (sometimes): dibutyl phthalate — improve flexibility.",
  "Fibres: red nylon or acrylic fibres → simulate mucosal blood vessels (veined effect).",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Composition — The Liquid (Monomer Phase)", [
  "Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) monomer ~97% — the reactive component.",
  "Cross-linking agent: Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA) ~1–2% → reduces solubility & creep.",
  "Inhibitor: Hydroquinone ~0.006% — prevents premature polymerization during storage.",
  "UV absorber: protects against discoloration from light exposure.",
  "MMA boiling point: 100.6°C — curing must be carefully controlled to prevent boiling.",
  "Monomer:Powder ratio by volume: 3 parts powder : 1 part liquid (typical).",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 3 — Polymerization
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 3: Mechanism of Polymerization");

contentSlide(pres, "Free-Radical Addition Polymerization", [
  "STEP 1 — Initiation: Heat decomposes Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) → 2 free radicals (PhCOO·)",
  "STEP 2 — Propagation: Free radicals attack double bonds (C=C) of MMA monomers → growing chains",
  "STEP 3 — Termination: Two growing chains combine (combination) or disproportionate → inactive polymer",
  "Cross-linking via EGDMA creates a 3-D network → improves dimensional stability",
  "Exothermic reaction: peak internal temperature can exceed 100°C if not controlled",
  "Shorter chains → lower molecular weight → weaker material (reason to avoid fast cycles)",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Role of Benzoyl Peroxide & Temperature", [
  "BPO is thermally labile — stable at room temperature, decomposes at ~60–70°C.",
  "Above 100°C (boiling of residual monomer) → porosity risk (gaseous porosity).",
  "Slow heating allows heat to distribute evenly → fewer internal stresses.",
  "Exotherm adds ~3–6°C above water-bath temperature inside thick resin sections.",
  "Thick areas (palate) are most prone to internal porosity if cycle is rushed.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 4 — Dough Stages
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 4: Dough Stages");

contentSlide(pres, "Four Dough Stages of Acrylic Mix", [
  {text: "STAGE 1 — Sandy/Grainy Stage", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Immediately after mixing. Beads appear distinct. No cohesion. Not workable."},
  {text: "STAGE 2 — Sticky/Stringy Stage", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Monomer dissolves bead surface. Mix sticks to instruments. Not workable."},
  {text: "STAGE 3 — Dough Stage ✓ (PACKING STAGE)", bold: true, color: C.green, sub: "Smooth, non-sticky, plastic consistency. Ideal for packing into flask. Typically ~7–10 min after mixing."},
  {text: "STAGE 4 — Rubbery/Elastic Stage", bold: true, color: C.amber, sub: "Too stiff. Cannot be molded. Monomer mostly absorbed into beads."},
  "Final stage — Hard/Rigid: Fully polymerized. Cannot be worked at all.",
  "Working time in dough stage: ~17 min (covered, at room temperature).",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 5 — Curing Cycles
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 5: Curing Cycles");

contentSlide(pres, "Water-Bath Curing Cycles", [
  {text: "Long (Recommended) Cycle:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "70°C × 90 min → raise to 100°C (boiling) × 30 min. Least porosity, best properties."},
  {text: "Short Cycle:", bold: true, color: C.amber, sub: "70°C × 90 min → bench-cool (no terminal boil). Acceptable results with less processing time."},
  {text: "Rapid Cycle (not recommended for complete dentures):", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "100°C × 20 min. Risk of internal porosity and higher residual monomer."},
  "Flasks must cool slowly to room temperature before deflasking — sudden cooling → warpage.",
  "Recommended bench cool time: 30–60 min minimum before quenching in cold water.",
  "Terminal boil at 100°C ensures complete conversion; BPO is fully consumed.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Dry-Heat & Microwave Curing", [
  {text: "Dry-Heat (Oven):", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "165°C × 45 min in a metal flask. Produces comparable properties to water-bath cycle."},
  {text: "Microwave Curing:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Requires microwave-safe flasks (non-metallic). Shorter cycle — 500 W × 3 min + 900 W × 3 min (varies by protocol). Risk of uneven heating."},
  "Microwave curing produces similar mechanical properties if protocol is optimized.",
  "Advantages of microwave: speed (~6 min vs 3–4 h), reduced porosity in some studies.",
  "Disadvantage: requires special equipment; metallic armatures are incompatible.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 6 — Properties
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 6: Physical & Mechanical Properties");

contentSlide(pres, "Mechanical Properties", [
  "Tensile Strength: ~55–65 MPa — adequate for complete and partial dentures.",
  "Flexural Strength: ~75–100 MPa — ISO 1567 requires ≥65 MPa.",
  "Modulus of Elasticity: ~2.5–3.5 GPa — relatively stiff, limited resilience.",
  "Impact Strength: poor — prone to midline fracture on dropping (biggest clinical limitation).",
  "Fatigue Resistance: cyclic flexing during function → crack propagation at midline.",
  "Hardness (Vickers): ~16–20 VHN — surface susceptible to scratching.",
  "Wear Resistance: adequate against soft foods; acrylic teeth wear faster than porcelain.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Physical & Thermal Properties", [
  "Density: ~1.18 g/cm³ — lightweight.",
  "Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: ~80×10⁻⁶/°C — much higher than bone/enamel → mismatch stresses.",
  "Thermal Conductivity: very low (0.21 W/m·K) — patient cannot sense hot foods well.",
  "Water Absorption: 0.69 mg/cm² (ISO max 0.8) — causes slight dimensional expansion (~0.1%).",
  "Solubility: 0.04 mg/cm² — very low, good chemical resistance.",
  "Dimensional Change: ~0.2–0.5% linear shrinkage toward center of mass during polymerization.",
  "Refractive Index: ~1.49 — good light transmission for anterior esthetics.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Optical & Biological Properties", [
  "Excellent esthetics: can be pigmented to match gingival tissue precisely.",
  "Translucency allows natural-looking appearance; UV stabilizers prevent yellowing.",
  "Biocompatibility: generally good; PMMA itself is inert.",
  "Residual MMA monomer is the primary cause of contact stomatitis / type IV hypersensitivity.",
  "Monomer release decreases dramatically after 24–48 h water immersion.",
  "Not inherently antimicrobial — surface roughness allows Candida biofilm formation.",
  "Polish to Ra < 0.2 μm recommended to minimize biofilm adhesion.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 7 — Residual Monomer
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 7: Residual Monomer");

contentSlide(pres, "Residual Monomer — Significance & Control", [
  "Definition: un-reacted MMA monomer remaining in cured PMMA.",
  "Heat-cured PMMA: 0.2–0.5% residual monomer (vs 3–5% in autopolymerizing resins).",
  "Acts as a plasticizer → reduces strength and hardness.",
  "Primary cause of denture stomatitis and allergic reactions in sensitized patients.",
  "Leaches into saliva; peak release in first 24 hours.",
  "Reduction strategies: use recommended long curing cycle; post-cure in boiling water × 20 min.",
  "ISO 1567 stipulates maximum residual monomer for safety compliance.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 8 — Advantages & Disadvantages
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 8: Advantages & Disadvantages");

twoColumnSlide(pres,
  "Advantages vs. Disadvantages of Heat-Cured PMMA",
  "✅  Advantages", [
    "Excellent esthetics — color-matched to mucosa",
    "Low cost and widely available",
    "Easy to repair and reline",
    "Low density — comfortable for patients",
    "Good dimensional accuracy if correctly processed",
    "Low residual monomer vs cold-cure",
    "Radiolucent",
    "Long clinical track record (> 80 years)",
  ],
  "❌  Disadvantages", [
    "Low impact strength — fractures on dropping",
    "Low thermal conductivity — impaired sensation",
    "High CTE — mismatches oral tissues",
    "Water absorption → dimensional change over time",
    "Residual monomer can cause allergy",
    "Porosity risk with fast curing cycles",
    "Susceptible to Candida biofilm",
    "Requires flasking/deflasking laboratory steps",
  ],
  C.green, C.red
);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 9 — Porosity
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 9: Porosity & Troubleshooting");

contentSlide(pres, "Types of Porosity in Denture Acrylic", [
  {text: "1. Gaseous (Internal) Porosity:", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Caused by boiling of residual MMA during rapid cure or insufficient flask pressure. Voids scattered throughout the base."},
  {text: "2. Contraction (Shrinkage) Porosity:", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Occurs in thick sections; polymer chains contract on cooling. Visible as internal irregular voids."},
  {text: "3. Granular Porosity:", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Insufficient monomer; beads do not coalesce. Results from wrong P:L ratio or packing too late (stage 4)."},
  "Prevention: use correct curing cycle; maintain adequate packing pressure; follow P:L ratio.",
  "Porosity weakens the denture, promotes staining, and harbors microorganisms.",
  "Clinical diagnosis: visible granularity, chalky appearance, premature fracture.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Common Processing Errors & Solutions", [
  {text: "Warpage / Dimensional Distortion", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Cause: rapid deflasking while hot. Solution: bench-cool completely before deflasking."},
  {text: "Surface Crazing", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Cause: contact with solvents or overheating. Solution: avoid acetone/chloroform contact; use correct cycle."},
  {text: "Tooth Movement", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Cause: insufficient wax elimination or flask closure pressure. Solution: verify wax boil-out; use correct packing pressure."},
  {text: "Rough/Grainy Surface", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Cause: packing too late (Stage 4) or wrong P:L ratio. Solution: pack in dough stage; use correct ratio."},
  {text: "Short Borders / Flash", bold: true, color: C.red, sub: "Cause: too much acrylic packed. Solution: controlled trial closure with separating cloth."},
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SECTION 10 — Clinical Applications
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Section 10: Clinical Applications");

contentSlide(pres, "Clinical Uses of Heat-Activated PMMA", [
  "Complete Dentures: maxillary and mandibular full dentures — primary use.",
  "Removable Partial Denture (RPD) Bases: acrylic saddles supporting artificial teeth.",
  "Orthodontic Appliances: retainers, functional appliances, removable plates.",
  "Obturators: covering palatal defects (cleft palate, surgical resection).",
  "Occlusal Splints / Night Guards: when laboratory-processed rigidity is required.",
  "Impression Trays: custom trays for more accurate impressions.",
  "Maxillofacial Prostheses: nasal, orbital, auricular prostheses.",
  "Record Bases & Occlusal Rims: for jaw relation records.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Modifications & Improved PMMA Systems", [
  {text: "Rubber-toughened PMMA:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Rubber phase (butadiene-styrene) dispersed in PMMA → 5× better impact resistance."},
  {text: "Fibre-Reinforced Composites:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Carbon, glass, or polyaramid fibres → improved flexural strength and fatigue resistance."},
  {text: "High-Impact (Cross-linked) PMMA:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Higher EGDMA content → improved stiffness; less creep."},
  {text: "CAD/CAM Milled PMMA Discs:", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Pre-polymerized under factory-controlled conditions → minimal porosity, superior properties."},
  {text: "Injection-Moulded Systems (e.g. Ivocap®):", bold: true, color: C.teal, sub: "Continuous pressure injection compensates for polymerization shrinkage → better fit."},
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SLIDE — Summary
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
sectionDivider(pres, "Summary");

contentSlide(pres, "Key Takeaways", [
  "Heat-activated PMMA consists of PMMA powder (+ BPO initiator) and MMA monomer liquid.",
  "Polymerization = free-radical addition initiated by heat decomposition of BPO.",
  "Pack at Dough Stage (Stage 3) for optimal results.",
  "Recommended cycle: 70°C × 90 min → 100°C × 30 min → slow cool.",
  "Properties: good strength & esthetics; poor impact resistance & thermal conductivity.",
  "Residual monomer (<0.5%) is the main biocompatibility concern.",
  "Three porosity types: gaseous, contraction, granular — all preventable.",
  "Primary use: complete and partial dentures; many other prosthetic applications.",
  "Modern alternatives (CAD/CAM, injection moulding) address traditional limitations.",
]);

// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  SLIDE — Thank You
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════
darkSlide(pres,
  "Thank You",
  "Heat-Activated Denture Base Acrylic Resin | Dental Materials"
);

// ─── Write file ───
pres.writeFile({ fileName: "/home/daytona/workspace/denture-resin-pptx/Heat_Activated_Denture_Base_Acrylic_Resin.pptx" })
  .then(() => console.log("DONE: presentation created successfully."))
  .catch(e => { console.error("ERROR:", e); process.exit(1); });

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-resin-pptx && node create_presentation.js

ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/denture-resin-pptx/

osteomyelitis clinical images X-ray MRI pathology free medical images

osteomyelitis pathophysiology classification Cierny-Mader bone infection open access images

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/…

~/osteomyelitis-ppt/create_osteomyelitis.js

const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");
const { execSync } = require("child_process");

// ─── Fetch all images as base64 ───
const URLS = [
  "https://cdn.orris.care/cdss_images/6832d62d563ee07d38513d72e844e0f0efe38b1206ddd89287780be8a48ea8b3.png",  // 0 gross pathology - osteonecrosis
  "https://cdn.orris.care/cdss_images/8ebc18a6a8deea4bad22d0095f001cb87f2310cd9a01ee14a6b72fcf1bf75f93.png",  // 1 resected femur - sequestrum/involucrum
  "https://cdn.orris.care/cdss_images/dd8e3ef10b89a9003d848e81343bbac22b8a7388e2c20ac8cce085c867dbe5d7.png",  // 2 diagram - bone abscess
  "https://epomedicine.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/chronic-osteomyelitis-cierny-mader.jpg",                  // 3 Cierny-Mader classification
  "https://radsource.us/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/2a.jpg",                                                     // 4 MRI coronal - knee osteomyelitis
];

const imgs = JSON.parse(
  execSync(`node /home/daytona/skills/shared/scripts/fetch_images.js ${URLS.map(u => `"${u}"`).join(" ")}`).toString()
);

const pres = new pptxgen();
pres.layout = "LAYOUT_16x9";
pres.title = "Osteomyelitis";

// ─── Palette ───
const C = {
  darkBlue: "0D2137",
  midBlue:  "1A5276",
  accent:   "E74C3C",
  gold:     "F39C12",
  green:    "1E8449",
  cream:    "F5F0EB",
  white:    "FFFFFF",
  charcoal: "2C2C2C",
  lightBg:  "EBF2F8",
  red:      "C0392B",
  teal:     "148F77",
};
const FONT = "Calibri";

// ════════════ HELPERS ════════════

function titleSlide(pres, title, subtitle) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  // Full dark background
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color: C.darkBlue} });
  // Red accent bar
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:4.3, w:10, h:1.325, fill:{color: C.accent} });
  // Title
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}

function sectionDivider(pres, label, sub="") {
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function contentSlide(pres, heading, bullets, opts={}) {
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  }).flat();

  sl.addText(items, { x:0.3, y:0.82, w:9.4, h:4.7, valign:"top" });
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}

function imageSlide(pres, heading, imgData, caption, textBlocks=[], rightText=false) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color: C.lightBg} });
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color: C.darkBlue} });
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0.72, w:0.15, h:4.9, fill:{color: C.accent} });
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  if (rightText && textBlocks.length > 0) {
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      sl.addImage({ data: imgData.base64, x:0.25, y:0.85, w:4.5, h:4.3 });
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    });
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    if (caption) sl.addText(caption, { x:0.25, y:5.1, w:4.5, h:0.4, fontSize:10, color:"666666", fontFace:FONT, italic:true });
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    // Image full / centered
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      sl.addImage({ data: imgData.base64, x:0.5, y:0.85, w:5.5, h:4.1 });
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      sl.addText(items, { x:6.2, y:0.9, w:3.65, h:4.2, valign:"top" });
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}

function twoColSlide(pres, heading, leftTitle, leftItems, rightTitle, rightItems, lColor, rColor) {
  const sl = pres.addSlide();
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:5.625, fill:{color: C.lightBg} });
  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0, y:0, w:10, h:0.72, fill:{color: C.darkBlue} });
  sl.addText(heading, { x:0.25, y:0.08, w:9.5, h:0.55, fontSize:20, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:FONT, valign:"middle", margin:0 });

  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:0.2, y:0.85, w:4.6, h:0.45, fill:{color:lColor} });
  sl.addText(leftTitle, { x:0.2, y:0.85, w:4.6, h:0.45, fontSize:14, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:FONT, align:"center" });
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  sl.addShape(pres.ShapeType.rect, { x:5.2, y:0.85, w:4.6, h:0.45, fill:{color:rColor} });
  sl.addText(rightTitle, { x:5.2, y:0.85, w:4.6, h:0.45, fontSize:14, bold:true, color:C.white, fontFace:FONT, align:"center" });
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  sl.addText(rBullets, { x:5.25, y:1.38, w:4.5, h:4.0, valign:"top" });
  return sl;
}

// ════════════════════════════════
//  SLIDES
// ════════════════════════════════

// SLIDE 1 — Title
titleSlide(pres,
  "OSTEOMYELITIS",
  "Bone Infection — Classification · Pathogenesis · Diagnosis · Management"
);

// SLIDE 2 — Overview
contentSlide(pres, "Overview / Outline", [
  "Definition & epidemiology",
  "Classification (route of infection, age, acuity, Cierny-Mader staging)",
  "Etiology & common pathogens",
  "Pathogenesis & morphology (acute → chronic)",
  "Clinical features & presentation",
  "Investigations (blood tests, imaging)",
  "Treatment — antibiotic therapy & surgical management",
  "Complications",
  "Special forms: vertebral, diabetic foot, TB (Pott disease)",
], { fontSize: 16 });

// SECTION 1
sectionDivider(pres, "1. Definition & Epidemiology", "What is osteomyelitis?");

contentSlide(pres, "Definition & Epidemiology", [
  "Osteomyelitis = inflammation of bone and bone marrow, virtually always due to infection.",
  "All organisms can cause it — bacteria (most common), mycobacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites.",
  "Incidence: ~8 per 100,000 person-years in the general population; higher in children and diabetics.",
  "Bimodal distribution: peaks in children (<5 yrs) and older adults (>50 yrs).",
  "Risk factors: diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, IV drug use, immunosuppression, trauma, prosthetic implants, sickle cell anemia.",
  "Mortality is low but morbidity is significant — can lead to chronic infection, amputation.",
]);

// SECTION 2
sectionDivider(pres, "2. Classification", "By route, age, acuity & staging");

contentSlide(pres, "Classification by Route of Infection", [
  {text:"1. Hematogenous (blood-borne)", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Most common in children. Bacteria seed the metaphysis via sluggish looped vessels. Vertebrae most common site in adults."},
  {text:"2. Contiguous Spread", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Infection extends from adjacent soft tissues — e.g. decubitus ulcer, diabetic foot ulcer, septic arthritis, infected wound."},
  {text:"3. Direct Implantation", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Follows penetrating injury, open fracture, or orthopedic surgery. Polymicrobial; includes gram-negatives."},
  "By acuity: Acute (<2 weeks), Subacute (2 weeks - 3 months), Chronic (>3 months).",
  "Pediatric vs. Adult: different vascular anatomy → different sites involved and organisms.",
]);

// IMAGE: Cierny-Mader classification diagram
imageSlide(pres,
  "Cierny-Mader Staging — Chronic Osteomyelitis",
  imgs[3],
  "Cierny-Mader: Type I Medullary, II Superficial, III Localized, IV Diffuse (epomedicine.com)",
  [
    "Type I — Medullary: infection confined to intramedullary canal (e.g. hematogenous).",
    "Type II — Superficial: cortical surface infection from contiguous focus.",
    "Type III — Localized: full-thickness cortical involvement, stable bone.",
    "Type IV — Diffuse: permeative infection, mechanically unstable bone.",
    "Host class A: normal immunity; B: compromised; C: treatment worse than disease.",
    "Staging guides surgical approach and expected outcomes.",
  ],
  true
);

// SECTION 3
sectionDivider(pres, "3. Etiology & Pathogens", "Common causative organisms");

contentSlide(pres, "Etiology — Common Pathogens", [
  {text:"Staphylococcus aureus", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"Most common overall. Cell wall proteins bind collagen → facilitates bone adherence. MRSA strains increase morbidity."},
  {text:"Neonates (<3 months)", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Group B Streptococci, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus."},
  {text:"Children (>3 months)", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"S. aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae (now rare with vaccination)."},
  {text:"Sickle Cell Disease", bold:true, color:C.gold, sub:"Salmonella spp. + S. aureus (bone infarcts provide seeding nidus; splenic dysfunction)."},
  {text:"IV Drug Users / Immunocompromised", bold:true, color:C.gold, sub:"Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida spp."},
  "Mycobacterium tuberculosis: vertebral (Pott disease), accounts for 1–3% of TB cases.",
  "Polymicrobial: common in contiguous / post-surgical / diabetic foot osteomyelitis.",
  "No organism identified in ~50% of cases.",
]);

// SECTION 4
sectionDivider(pres, "4. Pathogenesis & Morphology", "Acute → Chronic progression");

// IMAGE: pathology diagram
imageSlide(pres,
  "Pathogenesis — Bone Abscess & Periosteal Spread (Bailey & Love)",
  imgs[2],
  "Diagram: bone abscess in metaphysis, periosteal elevation, spread to joint cavity. (Bailey & Love's Surgery)",
  [
    "Bacteria seed metaphysis → neutrophilic inflammation within 24-48 h.",
    "Intramedullary pressure rises → vascular thrombosis → bone ischemia.",
    "Pus tracks through Haversian canals → subperiosteal abscess.",
    "Periosteal detachment further devascularizes cortex.",
    "Untreated → soft tissue abscess → sinus tract to skin.",
    "Epiphyseal spread → septic arthritis (especially neonates).",
  ],
  true
);

// IMAGE: Sequestrum/involucrum
imageSlide(pres,
  "Morphology — Sequestrum & Involucrum (Robbins Pathology)",
  imgs[1],
  "Resected femur: involucrum = new bone shell (red arrow); sequestrum = dead cortex (yellow arrow). Robbins Pathology Fig 19.13",
  [
    "Sequestrum: dead avascular bone fragment — hallmark of chronic osteomyelitis.",
    "Involucrum: reactive new bone deposited by elevated periosteum around sequestrum.",
    "Cloaca: perforations in involucrum through which pus drains.",
    "Brodie abscess: well-defined lytic cavity with sclerotic rim — subacute form.",
    "Histology: neutrophils (acute) → lymphocytes/plasma cells, marrow fibrosis (chronic).",
    "Caseating granulomas = TB osteomyelitis.",
  ],
  true
);

// IMAGE: Gross pathology osteonecrosis
imageSlide(pres,
  "Gross Pathology — Osteonecrosis in Osteomyelitis",
  imgs[0],
  "Femoral head: subchondral pale yellow wedge of osteonecrosis (arrow). Robbins Basic Pathology Fig 19.12",
  [
    "Early (acute phase): bony oedema, vascular congestion, small vessel thrombosis.",
    "Bone cells die within 48 h of infection onset.",
    "Pale/yellow areas = avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis).",
    "Progressive if untreated: destruction expands centrifugally.",
    "Chronic infection → marrow fibrosis, sclerosis, pathologic fracture risk.",
  ],
  true
);

// SECTION 5
sectionDivider(pres, "5. Clinical Features", "Signs, symptoms & presentation");

contentSlide(pres, "Clinical Presentation", [
  {text:"Acute Hematogenous (children):", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Systemic: fever, malaise, chills, leukocytosis. Local: throbbing pain, tenderness, swelling, erythema over metaphysis."},
  {text:"Adult / Vertebral:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Back pain (often dull, insidious), low-grade fever. May mimic mechanical back pain for weeks–months."},
  {text:"Contiguous / Post-surgical:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Wound breakdown, sinus tract discharge, persistent pain around surgical hardware."},
  {text:"Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Non-healing ulcer ± probing to bone ('Probe to bone' test — PPV 89%). Often painless due to neuropathy."},
  {text:"Chronic Osteomyelitis:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Draining sinus, intermittent flares, low-grade fever, constitutional symptoms."},
  "Examination: local warmth, tenderness, restricted movement, sinus tract.",
  "'Involucrum and sequestrum' clinically manifest as bone-within-bone on X-ray.",
]);

// SECTION 6
sectionDivider(pres, "6. Investigations", "Blood tests · Imaging · Biopsy");

contentSlide(pres, "Laboratory Investigations", [
  "FBC: leukocytosis (WBC >11×10⁹/L) in acute; may be normal in chronic.",
  "CRP: most sensitive acute-phase marker — elevated early; monitor response to treatment.",
  "ESR: elevated but non-specific; slower to normalize.",
  "Blood cultures: positive in ~50% acute hematogenous osteomyelitis — obtain BEFORE antibiotics.",
  "Bone biopsy culture: gold standard for pathogen identification; mandatory before antibiotics in chronic/atypical cases.",
  "No organism found in up to 50% of culture-positive cases.",
  "Procalcitonin: useful to distinguish bacterial infection; falls rapidly with treatment success.",
  "Sinus tract swabs: poorly predictive — often grow surface colonizers, not true pathogens.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Imaging — Plain Radiograph & CT", [
  {text:"Plain X-ray:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Lags 10–21 days behind disease onset. Early: soft-tissue swelling only. Late: cortical irregularity, lytic foci, periosteal reaction, sequestrum."},
  "Sensitivity ~43–75%; specificity ~75–83%.",
  {text:"CT:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Better defines cortical destruction, sequestra, gas, sinus tracts. Useful for surgical planning. Radiation dose is a limitation."},
  "CT shows: cortical erosion, periosteal reaction, medullary sclerosis, soft-tissue gas.",
  "Sequestra appear as dense cortical fragments surrounded by low-density granulation tissue.",
  {text:"Ultrasound:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Detects subperiosteal abscess and soft-tissue fluid in children; guides aspiration. Available and radiation-free."},
]);

// IMAGE: MRI knee
imageSlide(pres,
  "Imaging — MRI: Best Modality for Osteomyelitis",
  imgs[4],
  "MRI coronal PD-weighted — acute osteomyelitis knee: fluid collection (arrow) + diffuse marrow oedema (*). Radsource.us",
  [
    "MRI is the gold standard: sensitivity 90–100%, specificity 79–98%.",
    "Detects changes within 1–2 days of infection onset.",
    "T1-weighted: decreased marrow signal (oedema/pus replaces fat).",
    "T2/STIR: increased signal (fluid, oedema) — sensitive but not specific.",
    "Contrast (Gd): enhancement of inflamed tissue; rim-enhancing abscess.",
    "Penumbra sign (subacute): peripheral high-signal ring = granulation tissue.",
    "MRI guides surgical drainage and resection planning.",
    "Radionuclide bone scan: high sensitivity, low specificity; useful for multifocal disease.",
  ],
  true
);

// SECTION 7
sectionDivider(pres, "7. Treatment", "Antibiotics · Surgery · Duration");

contentSlide(pres, "Antibiotic Therapy — Principles", [
  "Start after blood cultures AND bone biopsy taken (if feasible) — never delay in sepsis.",
  "Empirical therapy covers S. aureus (MRSA if risk factors present).",
  {text:"Empirical first-line (MSSA):", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Flucloxacillin 2g IV q6h OR Cefazolin 2g IV q8h."},
  {text:"MRSA suspected/confirmed:", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"Vancomycin IV (target AUC 400–600) OR Daptomycin 6mg/kg IV once daily."},
  {text:"Children — IVOST (IV→oral switch):", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Switch to oral (e.g. co-amoxiclav, cefalexin) once clinically improved + CRP falling. Typically 3–5 days IV."},
  "Total duration: acute uncomplicated 4–6 weeks; chronic/vertebral: 6–12 weeks.",
  "Longer courses for: vertebral osteomyelitis, MRSA, immunocompromised, failed surgery.",
  "Monitor CRP weekly — useful marker of treatment response.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Surgical Management", [
  "Indications: abscess formation, failure of medical therapy, sequestrum, hardware infection, instability.",
  {text:"Debridement:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Removal of all necrotic and infected bone and soft tissue. 'Dead bone must come out.'"},
  {text:"Sequestrectomy:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Surgical removal of sequestrum — mandatory in chronic osteomyelitis."},
  {text:"Dead Space Management:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads / PMMA beads placed after debridement to fill cavity."},
  {text:"Bone Grafting:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"Cancellous bone graft or vascularized fibula flap for large defects (Masquelet technique)."},
  {text:"Fixation:", bold:true, color:C.midBlue, sub:"External fixator preferred over internal implants in infected bone."},
  "Amputation: last resort for uncontrolled diffuse infection (Cierny-Mader IV, host class C).",
]);

// SECTION 8
sectionDivider(pres, "8. Complications", "Acute & long-term sequelae");

twoColSlide(pres,
  "Complications of Osteomyelitis",
  "Acute Complications", [
    "Septicaemia / bacteraemia",
    "Septic arthritis (joint destruction)",
    "Pathological fracture",
    "Subperiosteal / soft tissue abscess",
    "Limb length discrepancy (physeal damage in children)",
    "Avascular necrosis / growth disturbance",
  ],
  "Chronic / Late Complications", [
    "Chronic refractory osteomyelitis",
    "Sinus tract formation (draining)",
    "Secondary amyloidosis (AA type)",
    "Squamous cell carcinoma in sinus tract (Marjolin's ulcer)",
    "Sarcomatous change (rare) in chronically infected bone",
    "Endocarditis, septic emboli",
  ],
  C.midBlue, C.accent
);

// SECTION 9
sectionDivider(pres, "9. Special Forms", "Vertebral · Diabetic foot · TB Pott disease");

contentSlide(pres, "Vertebral Osteomyelitis (Spondylodiscitis)", [
  "Most common site of hematogenous osteomyelitis in adults (lumbar > thoracic > cervical).",
  "S. aureus most common; Gram-negatives in urological/IV drug users; Brucella in endemic areas.",
  "Presentation: insidious back pain, low fever, ± neurological deficit (spinal cord compression).",
  "MRI: disc space narrowing, endplate erosion, adjacent vertebral marrow oedema — CLASSIC.",
  "Treatment: 6 weeks IV antibiotics; immobilization. Surgery for: abscess, instability, neuro deficit.",
  "Epidural abscess is the most feared complication — requires urgent surgical decompression.",
]);

contentSlide(pres, "Diabetic Foot & TB Osteomyelitis", [
  {text:"Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Non-healing ulcer + probe-to-bone positive. Polymicrobial. MRI essential. Multidisciplinary team: vascular, orthopaedics, endocrinology. Offloading critical."},
  {text:"Pott Disease (TB Osteomyelitis):", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"40% of skeletal TB. Spine (thoracolumbar). Caseating granulomas on histology. SLOW, destructive, resistant. Presents with back pain + kyphosis ('Gibbus' deformity)."},
  "TB: psoas abscess from paravertebral spread — may track to inguinal region.",
  "Disc involvement common in TB (vs. pyogenic — disc initially spared in some classifications).",
  "TB treatment: RHEZ (Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide) × 9–12 months.",
  "Fungal osteomyelitis: coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis — consider in immunocompromised.",
]);

// SLIDE — Summary
sectionDivider(pres, "Summary", "Key takeaways");

contentSlide(pres, "Key Takeaways", [
  "Osteomyelitis = bone + marrow infection; virtually always infectious.",
  "Routes: hematogenous (children), contiguous (adults/diabetics), direct inoculation.",
  "S. aureus is the #1 pathogen overall; Salmonella in sickle cell; Pseudomonas in IV drug users.",
  "Pathological hallmarks: sequestrum (dead bone) + involucrum (new reactive bone).",
  "MRI is the investigation of choice (sensitivity ~90-100%, detects changes in 1–2 days).",
  "Blood cultures + bone biopsy BEFORE starting antibiotics whenever possible.",
  "Acute: antibiotics (4–6 weeks) ± surgical drainage. Chronic: debridement + sequestrectomy.",
  "Complications: septic arthritis, pathological fracture, amyloidosis, Marjolin's ulcer.",
  "Pott disease = vertebral TB; psoas abscess + kyphosis are classic features.",
]);

// FINAL — Thank You
titleSlide(pres, "Thank You", "Osteomyelitis | Orthopaedics & Infectious Disease");

// ── Write ──
pres.writeFile({ fileName: "/home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt/Osteomyelitis.pptx" })
  .then(() => console.log("SUCCESS"))
  .catch(e => { console.error(e); process.exit(1); });

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node create_osteomyelitis.js 2>&…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shared…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shared…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shared…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && python3 -c " import json, os for…

~/osteomyelitis-ppt/create_osteomyelitis.js

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt/create_osteomyelitis.js'

~/osteomyelitis-ppt/create_osteomyelitis.js

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt/create_osteomyelitis.js'

cd /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt && node create_osteomyelitis.js 2>&…

ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/osteomyelitis-ppt/Osteomyelitis.pptx

heat activated denture base acrylic resin PMMA powder liquid composition images

denture base acrylic resin polymerization dough stage curing flask processing images

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && cd /home/daytona/workspa…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt 2>/dev/null || mkdir -p /home/day…

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && cd /home/daytona/workspa…

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && cd /home/daytona/workspa…

acrylic denture porosity types water bath curing cycle diagram dental lab images

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shar…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shar…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shar…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && node /home/daytona/skills/shar…

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && python3 -c " import json for i…

~/denture-acrylic-ppt/create_ppt.js

const pptxgen = require("pptxgenjs");
const fs = require("fs");

// Load pre-fetched images
const D = "/home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt";
// img indices available: 0,1,3,4,5,6
const loadImg = (i) => {
  try {
    const d = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(`${D}/img${i}.json`));
    return d[0].error ? null : d[0];
  } catch { return null; }
};
const IMG = {
  product:    loadImg(0),  // heat cure product bottle
  pyrax:      loadImg(1),  // Pyrax heat cure P/L pack
  flasking:   loadImg(3),  // dental flask / flasking
  curveCycle: loadImg(4),  // curing cycle temp-time graph
  waterBath:  loadImg(5),  // water bath curing
  porosity:   loadImg(6),  // porosity diagram
};

// ─── Palette ───────────────────────────────────────────
const C = {
  navy:    "0A1F44",
  blue:    "1A5276",
  teal:    "117A65",
  accent:  "D4AC0D",   // gold
  red:     "C0392B",
  green:   "1E8449",
  cream:   "FDF6E3",
  white:   "FFFFFF",
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// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
//  BUILD SLIDES
// ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════

// SLIDE 1 — Title
titleSlide(
  "Heat-Activated Denture Base\nAcrylic Resin",
  "Composition · Polymerization · Properties · Clinical Applications",
  "Dental Materials — A Complete Clinical Presentation"
);

// SLIDE 2 — Contents
contentSlide("Presentation Contents", [
  "1.  Introduction & Definition",
  "2.  Composition — Powder & Liquid Phases",
  "3.  Polymer–Monomer Interaction (Dough Stages)",
  "4.  Flasking, Packing & Processing",
  "5.  Polymerization — Free-Radical Chain Addition",
  "6.  Curing Cycles — Water Bath & Dry Heat",
  "7.  Physical, Mechanical & Optical Properties",
  "8.  Residual Monomer & Biocompatibility",
  "9.  Porosity — Types, Causes & Prevention",
  "10. Advantages, Disadvantages & Modifications",
  "11. Clinical Applications",
  "12. Summary & Key Points",
], 16);

// ── SECTION 1 ──
sectionSlide("Section 1", "Introduction & Definition");

contentSlide("Introduction — Why Acrylic Resin?", [
  "The ideal denture base material should be: strong, esthetic, dimensionally stable, biocompatible, easy to fabricate and repair.",
  "Poly(methyl methacrylate) — PMMA — has been the gold standard denture base material since the 1940s.",
  "Classified under ISO 1567: Type 1 = Heat-polymerized; Type 2 = Autopolymerizing; Type 3 = Thermoplastic; Type 4 = Light-activated; Type 5 = Microwave.",
  "Heat-Activated PMMA = polymerization is initiated by HEAT, which decomposes the chemical initiator (Benzoyl Peroxide).",
  "Supplied as a powder-liquid system; most widely used resin for complete and partial denture fabrication.",
  "Advantages over cold-cure: higher molecular weight, lower residual monomer, better mechanical properties.",
]);

// IMAGE: Product shot — SLIDE 5
imgRightSlide(
  "Heat-Activated PMMA — Commercial Form",
  IMG.product,
  "Fast Heat-Curing PMMA powder (HugeDental)",
  [
    "Supplied as: POWDER (pre-polymerized PMMA beads) + LIQUID (MMA monomer).",
    "Powder is pigmented pink to mimic gingival tissue.",
    "Liquid is stored in a dark amber bottle (UV protection).",
    "Mixed at a Powder : Liquid ratio of 3:1 by volume (2.5:1 by weight).",
    "Shelf life: liquid must be stored at <25°C; inhibitor prevents premature polymerization.",
    "Available in various shades: light pink, dark pink, veined pink.",
  ],
  4.6
);

// Image: Pyrax P+L pack
imgRightSlide(
  "Powder & Liquid Components (Pyrax Dental)",
  IMG.pyrax,
  "Pyrax heat-cure denture base material — powder + liquid pack",
  [
    "Powder (Polymer Phase):",
    "   • Pre-polymerized PMMA beads (90–95%)",
    "   • Benzoyl Peroxide initiator (~0.5%)",
    "   • Pigments (iron oxides, cadmium salts)",
    "   • Opacifiers (TiO₂)",
    "   • Acrylic/nylon fibres for veining effect",
    "Liquid (Monomer Phase):",
    "   • Methyl Methacrylate monomer (MMA) ~97%",
    "   • Cross-linker: EGDMA ~1–2%",
    "   • Inhibitor: Hydroquinone 0.006%",
    "   • UV absorber for color stability",
  ],
  4.4, 12
);

// ── SECTION 2 ──
sectionSlide("Section 2", "Composition in Detail");

contentSlide("Composition — Powder Phase", [
  {text:"Pre-polymerized PMMA beads (90–95%):", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Provide the bulk matrix; dissolve into the monomer during mixing."},
  {text:"Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) ~0.5% — the initiator:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Thermally unstable; decomposes above 60–70°C to release free radicals that initiate polymerization."},
  {text:"Pigments:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Iron oxides, cadmium salts → pink/flesh color matching gingival tissue."},
  {text:"Opacifiers:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) — adjusts translucency."},
  {text:"Plasticizers (occasionally):", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Dibutyl phthalate — improve flexibility."},
  {text:"Synthetic fibres:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Red nylon or acrylic fibres simulating blood vessels ('veining')."},
]);

contentSlide("Composition — Liquid (Monomer) Phase", [
  {text:"Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) ~97%:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"The reactive component. CH₂=C(CH₃)COOCH₃. Volatile (BP 100.6°C), flammable, distinctive odor."},
  {text:"Cross-linking agent — EGDMA ~1–2%:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Bifunctional monomer → forms 3-D network → reduces solubility, creep and dimensional change."},
  {text:"Inhibitor — Hydroquinone ~0.006%:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Prevents spontaneous polymerization during storage. Removed by mixing (diluted)."},
  {text:"UV Absorber:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Prevents discoloration from light exposure during clinical use."},
  "Monomer is stored in a DARK brown bottle — UV prevents premature activation.",
  "Note: MMA boiling point = 100.6°C — curing cycles must control temperature to prevent BOILING POROSITY.",
]);

// ── SECTION 3 ──
sectionSlide("Section 3", "Polymer–Monomer Interaction & Dough Stages");

contentSlide("Polymer–Monomer Mixing", [
  "Ratio: 3 parts powder : 1 part liquid (by volume); 2.5:1 by weight.",
  "Method: add POWDER to LIQUID (not reverse) to ensure all beads are wetted.",
  "Cover the mix — prevents monomer evaporation; reduces inhalation risk.",
  "The monomer dissolves the surface of the PMMA beads (solvation) → they swell and coalesce.",
  "This creates a workable dough — the dough then passes through 4 distinct stages:",
  "Optimum packing time = Dough Stage (Stage 3).",
]);

contentSlide("The Four Dough Stages", [
  {text:"Stage 1 — Sandy / Grainy Stage:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Immediately after mixing. Beads appear distinct, gritty. Mix adheres to instruments. NOT workable."},
  {text:"Stage 2 — Sticky / Stringy Stage:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Monomer dissolves bead surfaces. Mix pulls into strings (tacky). Sticks to gloves. NOT workable."},
  {text:"Stage 3 — DOUGH STAGE ✓ (pack here!):", bold:true, color:C.green, sub:"Smooth, plastic, non-sticky. Does not adhere to mixing vessel. Ideal for packing. Time from mix: ~7–10 min. Working time: ~17 min."},
  {text:"Stage 4 — Rubbery / Elastic Stage:", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"Too stiff. Bounces back when compressed. Cannot be molded. Monomer fully absorbed."},
  {text:"Final Stage — Hard / Rigid:", bold:true, color:C.charcoal, sub:"Fully polymerized. No workability. Must be discarded if unpacked."},
  "Tip: cover container to slow progression through stages (extend working time).",
]);

// ── SECTION 4 ──
sectionSlide("Section 4", "Flasking, Packing & Processing");

// IMAGE: Flasking
imgRightSlide(
  "Flasking & Dewaxing Process",
  IMG.flasking,
  "Dental flask after wax elimination — ready for packing. (My Dental Technology Notes)",
  [
    {text:"Flasking:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"The waxed denture is invested in a two-part gypsum mould inside a metal flask."},
    {text:"Wax Elimination:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Hot water flushes the wax → empty mould space ready to receive acrylic."},
    {text:"Separating Medium:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Tin foil substitute / sodium alginate applied to gypsum surfaces — prevents mould sticking to acrylic."},
    {text:"Trial Closure:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Place cellophane over mixed dough; trial close flask; check borders. Trim excess ('flash'). Repeat until properly filled."},
    {text:"Final Closure & Clamping:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Remove cellophane; close flask under bench press (~5000 psi). Clamp securely."},
    "Critical: pack at DOUGH STAGE. Under-packing → thick borders; over-packing → overextended base.",
  ],
  4.6
);

// ── SECTION 5 ──
sectionSlide("Section 5", "Polymerization Mechanism");

contentSlide("Free-Radical Addition Polymerization", [
  {text:"STEP 1 — INITIATION:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Heat decomposes Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) above 60°C → produces 2 phenyl free radicals (PhCOO·). Each radical attacks the C=C double bond of one MMA molecule → creates an activated monomer radical."},
  {text:"STEP 2 — PROPAGATION:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Activated radical attacks next MMA monomer → chain grows rapidly. Thousands of monomer units added per second. Highly exothermic — peak temperature can exceed 100°C internally!"},
  {text:"STEP 3 — TERMINATION:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Two growing chains collide → COMBINATION (join) or DISPROPORTIONATION (transfer of H atom). Chain growth stops."},
  "Cross-linking via EGDMA: a bifunctional monomer bridges two chains → 3-D network → better strength and solvent resistance.",
  "Degree of conversion: ideally >95% for optimal properties.",
  "Higher temperature → faster initiation → more chains started → shorter chains → lower MW (reason to avoid rapid boiling cycles).",
]);

// ── SECTION 6 ──
sectionSlide("Section 6", "Curing Cycles");

// IMAGE: curing cycle graph
imgRightSlide(
  "Water-Bath Curing Cycles — Temperature vs Time",
  IMG.curveCycle,
  "Curing cycle graph — long vs short heat-cure cycles (Pocket Dentistry / Craig's Dental Materials)",
  [
    {text:"Long Cycle (Recommended):", bold:true, color:C.green, sub:"70°C × 90 min → raise to 100°C (boiling) × 30 min. Optimal properties; minimal porosity."},
    {text:"Short Cycle:", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"70°C × 90 min → bench cool (no terminal boil). Acceptable for many applications."},
    {text:"Rapid Cycle (NOT recommended for complete dentures):", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"100°C × 20 min. High risk of boiling porosity (monomer vaporizes)."},
    "Flask must cool SLOWLY to room temperature — never quench in cold water (causes thermal stress / warpage).",
    "Terminal boil (100°C × 30 min) ensures complete conversion of BPO and full monomer consumption.",
    "Exotherm: internal temperature in thick sections can be 3–6°C ABOVE the water bath.",
  ],
  4.6
);

// IMAGE: water bath
imgRightSlide(
  "Water Bath & Pressure Vessel Processing",
  IMG.waterBath,
  "Dental flask in water-bath curing unit (Pocket Dentistry)",
  [
    "The clamped flask is placed in a thermostatically controlled water bath.",
    "Water provides even, uniform heat distribution around the flask.",
    "Pressure from clamping counters polymerization shrinkage and prevents porosity.",
    "Dry-heat alternative: 165°C × 45 min in a metal flask oven.",
    "Microwave curing: 500W × 3 min + 900W × 3 min. Uses NON-METALLIC flask. Faster but requires specialized equipment.",
    "Post-cure: flask allowed to bench-cool ≥30–60 min before deflasking.",
    "Deflasking: chisel used to separate flask halves; denture retrieved with care.",
  ],
  4.6
);

// ── SECTION 7 ──
sectionSlide("Section 7", "Physical, Mechanical & Thermal Properties");

contentSlide("Mechanical Properties", [
  "Tensile Strength: 55–65 MPa",
  "Flexural Strength: 75–100 MPa (ISO 1567 requires ≥65 MPa)",
  "Modulus of Elasticity: 2.5–3.5 GPa (stiff, low resilience)",
  {text:"Impact Strength — POOR:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Biggest clinical limitation. Denture fractures when dropped. Midline fracture is most common pattern."},
  "Compressive Strength: ~76 MPa",
  "Knoop Hardness: ~18–22 KHN (relatively soft — susceptible to scratching by abrasive pastes)",
  "Fatigue fracture: cyclic loading during mastication → crack propagation at stress risers.",
  "Higher MW (from correct heat-cure cycle) → better fatigue resistance vs. cold-cure.",
]);

contentSlide("Physical & Thermal Properties", [
  "Density: ~1.18 g/cm³ — lightweight (benefit: reduced weight on ridge and muscles).",
  "Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE): ~80 × 10⁻⁶/°C — much higher than enamel and bone → thermal mismatch stresses on cooling.",
  "Thermal Conductivity: 0.21 W/m·K — very low (poor heat transfer → patient may not sense HOT food/drinks properly).",
  "Water Absorption: 0.69 mg/cm² (ISO max: 0.8 mg/cm²) → causes slight dimensional expansion (~0.1%) after fabrication — this partially compensates processing shrinkage.",
  "Solubility: 0.04 mg/cm² — very low; good chemical resistance.",
  "Polymerization Shrinkage: ~0.2–0.5% linear — toward the center of mass of the resin.",
  "Refractive Index: ~1.49 — good light transmission; esthetic translucency.",
]);

contentSlide("Optical & Biological Properties", [
  "Excellent esthetics: accurately pigmented to match mucosal tissue (pink PMMA).",
  "Translucency and refractive index closely approximate natural gingival appearance.",
  "UV stabilizers added to prevent yellowing from light exposure.",
  "Biocompatibility: PMMA polymer itself is INERT and biocompatible.",
  {text:"Residual MMA monomer:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Primary biocompatibility concern. Can cause Type IV (contact) hypersensitivity in sensitized patients. Heat-cure: <0.5% vs cold-cure: 2–5%."},
  "Not inherently antimicrobial — Candida albicans biofilm commonly colonizes denture surfaces.",
  "Polish to Ra < 0.2 μm is recommended to minimize microbial adhesion.",
  "Radiolucent: does not appear on X-ray (can be a forensic limitation; opaque denture markers exist).",
]);

// ── SECTION 8 ──
sectionSlide("Section 8", "Residual Monomer & Porosity");

contentSlide("Residual Monomer — Significance & Control", [
  "Definition: unreacted MMA monomer remaining in cured PMMA.",
  "Heat-cured: <0.5% | Autopolymerizing (cold-cure): 2–5% — heat-cure superior.",
  "Acts as plasticizer → reduces strength and dimensional stability.",
  "Leaches into saliva — peak release in first 24–48 hours.",
  "Clinical effects: denture stomatitis, mucosal erythema, burning sensation, Type IV allergy.",
  {text:"Reduction strategies:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Use correct long curing cycle; post-cure in boiling water × 20 min; store denture in water before fitting."},
  "ISO 1567: maximum residual monomer levels specified for compliance.",
  "Patients with known MMA allergy → alternatives: polycarbonate, nylon (Valplast), CAD/CAM milled PMMA.",
]);

// IMAGE: Porosity diagram
imgRightSlide(
  "Porosity in Denture Acrylic — Types",
  IMG.porosity,
  "Porosity types in acrylic resin (Jaypee dental materials atlas)",
  [
    {text:"1. Gaseous (Internal) Porosity:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Boiling of residual MMA (BP 100.6°C) if cured too rapidly above 100°C. Voids scattered internally."},
    {text:"2. Contraction (Shrinkage) Porosity:", bold:true, color:C.red, sub:"Thick sections cool and contract faster than surrounding resin. Irregular internal voids."},
    {text:"3. Granular Porosity:", bold:true, color:C.accent, sub:"Incorrect P:L ratio or packing in Stage 4. Beads fail to coalesce — chalky/grainy appearance."},
    "Prevention: correct curing cycle; adequate flask clamping pressure; correct P:L ratio; pack at dough stage.",
    "Porosity: weakens denture, promotes staining, harbors microorganisms.",
  ],
  4.4
);

// ── SECTION 9 ──
sectionSlide("Section 9", "Advantages, Disadvantages & Modifications");

twoColSlide(
  "Advantages vs. Disadvantages of Heat-Activated PMMA",
  "✅  Advantages", [
    "Excellent esthetics — lifelike gingival color",
    "Low cost — widely available",
    "Easy to repair and reline chair-side",
    "Low density — comfortable for patients",
    "Good dimensional stability (correct cycle)",
    "Low residual monomer (<0.5%)",
    "Radiolucent (natural appearance)",
    "Proven 80+ year clinical track record",
    "ISO standardized (ISO 1567)",
  ],
  "❌  Disadvantages", [
    "Low impact strength — fractures on dropping",
    "Poor thermal conductivity — reduced sensation",
    "High CTE — thermal stress with temperature changes",
    "Water absorption → slow dimensional change",
    "Residual monomer — allergy risk",
    "Porosity if cycle not followed correctly",
    "Candida biofilm colonization",
    "Multi-step laboratory fabrication required",
    "Radiolucency — limitation in forensic ID",
  ],
  C.teal, C.red
);

contentSlide("Modifications & Improved Systems", [
  {text:"Rubber-Toughened PMMA:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Butadiene-styrene rubber phase dispersed in PMMA matrix → 5× improvement in impact resistance."},
  {text:"Fibre-Reinforced PMMA:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Carbon, glass, or polyaramid (Kevlar) fibres → improved flexural strength, fatigue resistance, fracture toughness."},
  {text:"High-Impact (Cross-linked) PMMA:", bold:true, color:C.blue, sub:"Higher EGDMA content → greater 3-D cross-linking → improved stiffness and reduced creep."},
  {text:"CAD/CAM Milled PMMA Discs:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Pre-polymerized under controlled industrial conditions → near-zero porosity, superior mechanical properties, excellent fit."},
  {text:"Injection-Moulded Systems (e.g. Ivocap®):", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Continuous injection of pressurized resin compensates for polymerization shrinkage → significantly better dimensional accuracy and fit."},
  {text:"Microwave-Activated PMMA:", bold:true, color:C.teal, sub:"Shorter cycle (~6 min), comparable properties when protocol optimized. Requires special non-metallic flask."},
]);

// ── SECTION 10 ──
sectionSlide("Section 10", "Clinical Applications");

contentSlide("Clinical Applications of Heat-Activated PMMA", [
  {text:"Complete Dentures:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Primary application — maxillary and mandibular full dentures replacing all teeth."},
  {text:"Removable Partial Dentures (RPD):", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Acrylic saddles supporting artificial teeth alongside metal frameworks."},
  {text:"Orthodontic Appliances:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Hawley retainers, functional appliances, expansion plates, space maintainers."},
  {text:"Obturators:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Coverage of palatal defects — cleft palate repair, post-surgical maxillectomy."},
  {text:"Custom Impression Trays:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Laboratory-made trays providing uniform impression material thickness for accurate impressions."},
  {text:"Occlusal Splints / Night Guards:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Rigid bruxism protection when laboratory processing is preferred over chair-side self-cure."},
  {text:"Record Bases & Occlusal Rims:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"For accurate jaw relation records during complete denture construction."},
  {text:"Maxillofacial Prostheses:", bold:true, color:C.navy, sub:"Nasal, orbital, auricular, and other extra-oral prostheses (usually combined with silicone)."},
]);

// ── SUMMARY ──
sectionSlide("Summary", "Key Points to Remember");

contentSlide("Summary — 10 Key Points", [
  "1.  Heat-activated PMMA = ISO Type 1; gold standard denture base material since 1940s.",
  "2.  Powder (PMMA beads + BPO initiator + pigments) + Liquid (MMA + EGDMA + hydroquinone).",
  "3.  P:L ratio = 3:1 by volume. Mix powder INTO liquid.",
  "4.  Four dough stages — pack ONLY at Stage 3 (Dough Stage, ~7–10 min after mixing).",
  "5.  Polymerization = free-radical addition: Initiation → Propagation → Termination.",
  "6.  Recommended cycle: 70°C × 90 min → 100°C × 30 min → slow bench cool.",
  "7.  Properties: good flexural strength, poor impact strength, low thermal conductivity, CTE mismatch.",
  "8.  Residual MMA <0.5% — main biocompatibility concern; minimize with correct curing cycle.",
  "9.  Three porosity types: GASEOUS, CONTRACTION, GRANULAR — all preventable.",
  "10. Modern improvements: CAD/CAM milling, fibre reinforcement, injection moulding, rubber-toughening.",
]);

// FINAL TITLE
titleSlide("Thank You", "Heat-Activated Denture Base Acrylic Resin", "Dental Materials Presentation");

// ── Write ──
const outPath = "/home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt/Heat_Activated_Denture_Acrylic_Resin.pptx";
pres.writeFile({ fileName: outPath })
  .then(() => console.log("SUCCESS: " + outPath))
  .catch(e => { console.error(e); process.exit(1); });

cd /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt && node create_ppt.js 2>&1

ls -lh /home/daytona/workspace/denture-acrylic-ppt/Heat_Activated_Denture_Acryli…