NEET PG orthopaedics high yield topics fracture classifications rapid revision

orthopedic trauma review

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mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/orthopaedics-rapid-revision/src" "/tmp/workspace/orthopaedics-rapid-revision/output"

~/orthopaedics-rapid-revision/

python - <<'PY' from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4, landscape from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas from reportlab.lib import colors from reportlab.pdfbase.pdfmetrics import stringWidth from reportlab.lib.colors import HexColor from reportlab.pdfbase.ttfonts import TTFont from reportlab.pdfbase import pdfmetrics from pathlib import Path out=Path('/tmp/workspace/orthopaedics-rapid-revision/output/Orthopaedics_NEET_PG_Rapid_Revision.pdf') W,H=landscape(A4) c=canvas.Canvas(str(out), pagesize=(W,H)) c.setTitle('Orthopaedics - NEET PG Rapid Revision') c.setAuthor('Orris') # background c.setFillColor(HexColor('#F7FAFC')); c.rect(0,0,W,H,fill=1,stroke=0) # header c.setFillColor(HexColor('#123B5D')); c.rect(0,H-47,W,47,fill=1,stroke=0) c.setFillColor(colors.white); c.setFont('Helvetica-Bold',18); c.drawString(22,H-29,'ORTHOPAEDICS | NEET PG RAPID REVISION') c.setFont('Helvetica',8.5); c.drawRightString(W-22,H-28,'One-page last-day sheet • Classifications • Nerves • X-ray clues') margin=16; gap=8; colw=(W-2*margin-2*gap)/3 top=H-57; bottom=14 cols=[margin,margin+colw+gap,margin+2*(colw+gap)] sections=[ (0,'1. TRAUMA: FIRST-LOOK FACTS',[ ('Open fracture','IV antibiotics + tetanus + urgent debridement. Gustilo: I <1 cm clean; II >1 cm, no extensive soft-tissue damage; III = extensive soft tissue/high-energy. IIIA adequate cover, IIIB periosteal stripping/needs flap, IIIC arterial injury needing repair.'), ('Compartment syndrome','Pain out of proportion and pain on passive stretch are early signs. Paresthesia, pallor, paralysis, pulselessness are late. Remove constriction, keep limb at heart level, urgent fasciotomy.'), ('Fat embolism syndrome','24-72 h after long-bone/pelvic fracture: respiratory distress + neurologic signs + petechiae. Supportive care.'), ('Healing','Inflammation -> soft callus -> hard callus -> remodeling. Delayed union: slow; nonunion: no progressive healing; malunion: healed in poor position.'), ]), (0,'2. UPPER LIMB: INJURY - ASSOCIATION',[ ('Shoulder dislocation','Anterior most common; axillary nerve at risk. Posterior: seizures/electric shock.'), ('Supracondylar humerus','Extension type common in children. Brachial artery + anterior interosseous nerve risk. Check pulse and compartment syndrome.'), ('Monteggia','Proximal ulna fracture + radial-head dislocation. Posterior interosseous nerve risk.'), ('Galeazzi','Distal third radius fracture + distal radioulnar joint dislocation.'), ('Colles vs Smith','Colles: distal radius, dorsal displacement, dinner-fork. Smith: volar displacement, garden-spade.'), ('Scaphoid','Anatomical snuffbox tenderness. Risk: AVN of proximal pole. Initial X-ray can be normal: immobilize and repeat/imaging.'), ]), (1,'3. LOWER LIMB & SPINE',[ ('Neck of femur','Intracapsular: AVN/nonunion risk. Intertrochanteric: extracapsular, usually union. Elderly displaced intracapsular: arthroplasty commonly considered.'), ('Hip dislocation','Posterior most common: sciatic nerve risk; flexed, adducted, internally rotated limb. Urgent reduction.'), ('Knee tests','ACL: Lachman (most sensitive). PCL: posterior drawer/sag. Meniscus: McMurray. MCL: valgus stress; LCL: varus stress.'), ('Ankle','Weber A below syndesmosis; B at syndesmosis; C above syndesmosis (unstable).'), ('Disc prolapse','L4-L5 -> L5 root; L5-S1 -> S1 root. Cauda equina: saddle anesthesia, bladder/bowel dysfunction -> emergency MRI/decompression.'), ]), (1,'4. PAEDIATRICS & INFECTION',[ ('Salter-Harris','I Straight across physis; II Above (metaphysis); III Lower (epiphysis); IV Through all; V crushed physis. III/IV involve joint and need anatomical reduction.'), ('DDH','Risk: breech, female, firstborn, family history. Tests: Barlow dislocates; Ortolani reduces. US <6 mo, X-ray later.'), ('Clubfoot','CAVE: Cavus, Adductus, Varus, Equinus. First-line Ponseti serial casting +/- Achilles tenotomy.'), ('Perthes vs SCFE','Perthes: 4-8 y, AVN femoral head. SCFE: obese adolescent, displaced epiphysis; stable in-situ pinning.'), ('Osteomyelitis','Commonest organism: S. aureus. Acute: fever, metaphyseal pain. Chronic: sequestrum (dead bone), involucrum (new bone), cloaca (draining opening).'), ]), (2,'5. TUMOURS: AGE - SITE - X-RAY',[ ('Osteosarcoma','Adolescent; metaphysis around knee. Sunray spicules, Codman triangle. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy + wide excision.'), ('Ewing sarcoma','Child/adolescent; diaphysis. Onion-skin periosteal reaction; small round blue cells, t(11;22).'), ('Giant-cell tumour','20-40 y; epiphysis, around knee; eccentric soap-bubble lytic lesion. Locally aggressive.'), ('Osteochondroma','Most common benign tumour; metaphysis, cartilage cap points away from joint.'), ('Chondrosarcoma','Adults; pelvis/proximal femur. Rings-and-arcs calcification.'), ]), (2,'6. ARTHRITIS, BONE & NERVES',[ ('OA vs RA','OA: asymmetric, DIP/PIP, osteophytes, joint-space loss. RA: symmetric MCP/PIP, erosions, morning stiffness; spares DIP.'), ('Gout','Needle-shaped, negatively birefringent monosodium urate crystals. Pseudogout: rhomboid, positively birefringent CPPD.'), ('AVN','Femoral head risk factors: steroids, alcohol, trauma, sickle cell. Early MRI is sensitive; late crescent sign/collapse.'), ('Nerve palsy','Radial: wrist drop. Median: thenar wasting/ape hand. Ulnar: claw hand. Common peroneal: foot drop.'), ('Useful tests','Trendelenburg = hip abductor weakness. Thomas = fixed flexion deformity hip. FABER = hip/SI pathology.'), ]), ] # group sections by col & draw from collections import defaultdict groups=defaultdict(list) for ci,title,items in sections: groups[ci].append((title,items)) def draw_wrapped(text,x,y,width,font='Helvetica',size=7.1,leading=8.5,color=HexColor('#1F2937')): c.setFont(font,size); c.setFillColor(color) words=text.split(); line=''; lines=[] for word in words: test=(line+' '+word).strip() if stringWidth(test,font,size)<=width: line=test else: if line: lines.append(line) line=word if line: lines.append(line) for ln in lines: c.drawString(x,y,ln); y-=leading return y for ci,x in enumerate(cols): y=top # subtle column card c.setFillColor(colors.white); c.roundRect(x-4,bottom-3,colw+8,top-bottom+6,5,fill=1,stroke=0) for title,items in groups[ci]: c.setFillColor(HexColor('#1F6D8A')); c.roundRect(x,y-13,colw,13,3,fill=1,stroke=0) c.setFillColor(colors.white); c.setFont('Helvetica-Bold',8.4); c.drawString(x+5,y-9.5,title) y-=19 for label,body in items: c.setFillColor(HexColor('#123B5D')); c.setFont('Helvetica-Bold',7.15); c.drawString(x+2,y,label+':') labelw=stringWidth(label+':', 'Helvetica-Bold',7.15) # use full body next line for legibility y-=8.6 y=draw_wrapped(body,x+2,y,colw-4,size=6.75,leading=7.7) y-=3.3 y-=2 # footer c.setStrokeColor(HexColor('#CBD5E1')); c.line(margin,10,W-margin,10) c.setFont('Helvetica',5.8); c.setFillColor(HexColor('#64748B')) c.drawString(margin,4,'Exam use only: revise local protocols and standard texts for management details. Source framework: Rockwood & Green (10e), Campbell (15e), Rosen Emergency Medicine.') c.drawRightString(W-margin,4,'Prepared 29 Aug 2026') c.showPage(); c.save() print(out) PY python - <<'PY' from pypdf import PdfReader p='/tmp/workspace/orthopaedics-rapid-revision/output/Orthopaedics_NEET_PG_Rapid_Revision.pdf' r=PdfReader(p) print('pages',len(r.pages),'bytes',__import__('os').path.getsize(p)) print(r.pages[0].extract_text()[:500]) PY