from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4, landscape
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.units import cm
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Table, TableStyle, Paragraph,
    Spacer, HRFlowable
)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT

OUTPUT = "/home/daytona/workspace/antibiotic-chart/Antibiotic_Chart.pdf"

# ── Colour palette ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
HDR_BG   = colors.HexColor("#1a3a5c")   # dark navy
HDR_TXT  = colors.white
CAT_BG   = colors.HexColor("#2e6da4")   # medium blue  (class header rows)
CAT_TXT  = colors.white
ALT1     = colors.HexColor("#eaf2fb")   # light blue tint
ALT2     = colors.white
GRID     = colors.HexColor("#b0c4de")
FOOT_TXT = colors.HexColor("#555555")

# ── Data ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# columns: Class / Drug | Mechanism | Key Uses | Adult Dose | Notes
data = [
    # ── header ──
    [
        "Class / Drug", "Mechanism of Action",
        "Key Clinical Uses", "Typical Adult Dose",
        "Key Notes / Side Effects"
    ],

    # ══ PENICILLINS ══
    ["PENICILLINS", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Amoxicillin",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis (binds PBPs)",
     "Otitis media, sinusitis, strep pharyngitis, H. pylori (triple tx)",
     "250–500 mg PO q8h\n1 g PO q12h (H. pylori)",
     "Rash common; avoid if PCN allergy"],
    ["Amoxicillin-Clavulanate\n(Augmentin)",
     "PCN + β-lactamase inhibitor",
     "ABRS, ABECB, bite wounds, diabetic foot",
     "875/125 mg PO q12h\n500/125 mg PO q8h",
     "GI upset; hepatotoxicity (rare); diarrhoea"],
    ["Ampicillin-Sulbactam\n(Unasyn)",
     "PCN + β-lactamase inhibitor",
     "Intra-abdominal, gynecologic, soft-tissue infections",
     "3 g (2+1) IV/IM q6h",
     "Poor MRSA activity; watch renal dosing"],
    ["Nafcillin / Oxacillin",
     "β-lactamase-stable PCN; binds PBPs",
     "MSSA bacteraemia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis",
     "1–2 g IV q4–6h",
     "Interstitial nephritis (nafcillin); hepatotoxicity (oxacillin)"],
    ["Piperacillin-Tazobactam\n(Pip-Tazo / Zosyn)",
     "Extended-spectrum PCN + β-lactamase inhibitor",
     "Hospital-acquired/VAP, febrile neutropenia, polymicrobial",
     "3.375 g IV q6h or\n4.5 g IV q6–8h",
     "AKI risk with vancomycin combo; Na load"],

    # ══ CEPHALOSPORINS ══
    ["CEPHALOSPORINS", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Cephalexin (1st gen)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis (PBPs)",
     "Skin/soft tissue, UTI, strep pharyngitis",
     "250–500 mg PO q6h",
     "Cross-reactivity with PCN ~1–2%; renal adjust"],
    ["Cefazolin (1st gen)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis (PBPs)",
     "Surgical prophylaxis, MSSA, uncomplicated cellulitis",
     "1–2 g IV q8h",
     "Drug of choice for MSSA bacteraemia"],
    ["Cefuroxime (2nd gen)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis",
     "Community pneumonia, Lyme disease, sinusitis",
     "250–500 mg PO q12h\n750 mg–1.5 g IV q8h",
     "Better gram-neg than 1st gen"],
    ["Ceftriaxone (3rd gen)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis",
     "Pneumonia, meningitis, gonorrhoea, sepsis",
     "1–2 g IV/IM q24h\n(meningitis: 2 g q12h)",
     "Biliary sludge; once-daily dosing convenience"],
    ["Cefdinir / Cefpodoxime\n(3rd gen oral)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis",
     "Otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, ABECB",
     "Cefdinir 300 mg PO q12h\nCefpodoxime 200 mg PO q12h",
     "Cefdinir: red stools if taken with iron"],
    ["Cefepime (4th gen)",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis (Pseudomonas-active)",
     "HAP/VAP, febrile neutropenia, Pseudomonas",
     "1–2 g IV q8–12h",
     "Neurotoxicity (encephalopathy) at high doses/renal failure"],
    ["Ceftaroline (5th gen)",
     "Binds PBP2a → MRSA activity",
     "MRSA SSTI, CAP",
     "600 mg IV q12h",
     "Only cephalosporin with MRSA activity"],
    ["Ceftazidime-Avibactam",
     "Cephalosporin + novel β-lactamase inhibitor",
     "KPC/OXA-48 carbapenem-resistant infections",
     "2.5 g IV q8h",
     "CRE salvage therapy; renal dose adjustment required"],

    # ══ CARBAPENEMS ══
    ["CARBAPENEMS", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Meropenem",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis; ultra-broad spectrum",
     "Severe nosocomial, CRE (with combos), meningitis",
     "500 mg–1 g IV q8h\n(meningitis: 2 g IV q8h)",
     "Seizures less than imipenem; Pseudomonas active"],
    ["Imipenem-Cilastatin",
     "Carbapenem + DHP-I inhibitor",
     "Polymicrobial/abdominal/ICU infections",
     "500 mg IV q6h",
     "Seizure risk; cilastatin prevents renal degradation"],
    ["Ertapenem",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis",
     "Community-acquired intra-abdominal, UTI, SSTI",
     "1 g IV/IM q24h",
     "NO Pseudomonas/Acinetobacter coverage; once-daily"],
    ["Meropenem-Vaborbactam",
     "Carbapenem + boronic-acid β-lactamase inhibitor",
     "KPC carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae",
     "4 g (2+2) IV q8h",
     "CRE infections; large fluid volume per dose"],

    # ══ MONOBACTAMS ══
    ["MONOBACTAMS", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Aztreonam",
     "Binds PBP3 → gram-negative cell-wall inhibition",
     "Gram-negative infections; PCN/carbapenem-allergic pts",
     "1–2 g IV/IM q6–12h",
     "No gram-positive or anaerobic coverage; safe in PCN allergy"],

    # ══ FLUOROQUINOLONES ══
    ["FLUOROQUINOLONES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Ciprofloxacin",
     "Inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV",
     "UTI, prostatitis, GI infections, anthrax, Pseudomonas",
     "250–750 mg PO q12h\n400 mg IV q8–12h",
     "QTc prolongation; tendinopathy; avoid in pregnancy; drug interactions"],
    ["Levofloxacin",
     "Inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV",
     "CAP, HAP, UTI, sinusitis, TB (2nd line)",
     "500–750 mg PO/IV q24h",
     "QTc prolongation; tendon rupture; photosensitivity"],
    ["Moxifloxacin",
     "Inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV",
     "CAP, ABRS, ABECB, skin infections (anaerobic coverage)",
     "400 mg PO/IV q24h",
     "Greater QTc risk; NOT for UTI (no urinary excretion)"],
    ["Delafloxacin",
     "Inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV",
     "ABSSSI, CAP",
     "450 mg PO q12h or 300 mg IV q12h",
     "MRSA activity; less QTc effect"],

    # ══ MACROLIDES ══
    ["MACROLIDES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Azithromycin\n(Z-pack)",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit (23S rRNA)",
     "CAP, atypical pneumonia (Mycoplasma, Chlamydia), STIs, MAC",
     "500 mg PO/IV day 1, then 250 mg days 2–5\nZ-pack: 5-day course",
     "QTc prolongation; GI motility effect; drug interactions"],
    ["Clarithromycin",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit",
     "CAP, H. pylori triple therapy, MAC prophylaxis/tx, SSTI",
     "250–500 mg PO q12h",
     "Strong CYP3A4 inhibitor; metallic taste; avoid in cardiac disease"],
    ["Erythromycin",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit",
     "Penicillin-allergy alternative, gastroparesis (prokinetic), chlamydia",
     "250–500 mg PO q6h",
     "GI side effects common; QTc prolongation; strong CYP3A4 inhibitor"],

    # ══ TETRACYCLINES ══
    ["TETRACYCLINES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Doxycycline",
     "Inhibits 30S ribosomal subunit → blocks aminoacyl-tRNA binding",
     "Atypical pneumonia, Lyme, RMSF, acne, chlamydia, MRSA SSTI",
     "100 mg PO/IV q12h",
     "Photosensitivity; avoid in pregnancy/children <8; oesophageal irritation"],
    ["Minocycline",
     "Inhibits 30S ribosomal subunit",
     "MRSA SSTI, acne, Nocardia, mycobacterial infections",
     "100 mg PO q12h",
     "Vestibular side effects (dizziness); hyperpigmentation"],
    ["Tigecycline",
     "Inhibits 30S ribosomal subunit; overcomes efflux pump resistance",
     "Complicated intra-abdominal, SSTI, CAP (not first-line); last resort",
     "100 mg IV load, then 50 mg IV q12h",
     "↑ mortality in serious infections vs comparators; nausea/vomiting"],

    # ══ AMINOGLYCOSIDES ══
    ["AMINOGLYCOSIDES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Gentamicin",
     "Binds 30S ribosome → misreading of mRNA; bactericidal",
     "Gram-negative bacteraemia, synergy (endocarditis), plague",
     "5–7 mg/kg IV q24h (once-daily)\nor 1–1.7 mg/kg q8h",
     "Nephrotoxicity; ototoxicity; monitor levels (trough <1)"],
    ["Tobramycin",
     "Binds 30S ribosome",
     "Pseudomonas infections (cystic fibrosis), gram-negative sepsis",
     "5–7 mg/kg IV q24h (once-daily)",
     "Better Pseudomonas activity than gentamicin; same toxicity profile"],
    ["Amikacin",
     "Binds 30S ribosome; resistant to most aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes",
     "MDR gram-negative, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, NTM",
     "15–20 mg/kg IV q24h",
     "Reserved for resistant organisms; nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity"],

    # ══ GLYCOPEPTIDES ══
    ["GLYCOPEPTIDES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Vancomycin",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis by binding D-Ala-D-Ala terminus",
     "MRSA infections, C. diff (PO for colitis), gram-positive endocarditis",
     "15–20 mg/kg IV q8–12h (target AUC/MIC 400–600)\n125 mg PO q6h for CDI",
     "Red-man syndrome (infusion); nephrotoxicity; ototoxicity; monitor AUC"],
    ["Teicoplanin",
     "Inhibits cell-wall synthesis (same mechanism as vancomycin)",
     "MRSA, gram-positive infections, endocarditis",
     "400–800 mg IV/IM q24h (after loading)",
     "Longer half-life than vancomycin; less nephrotoxicity; not available in US"],
    ["Telavancin",
     "Dual: cell-wall inhibition + membrane depolarisation",
     "MRSA ABSSSI, HAP/VAP",
     "10 mg/kg IV q24h",
     "Nephrotoxicity; QTc prolongation; teratogenic"],
    ["Dalbavancin / Oritavancin",
     "Cell-wall synthesis inhibition",
     "ABSSSI (MRSA/strep), osteomyelitis (off-label)",
     "Dalbavancin: 1.5 g IV once (or split-dose)\nOritavancin: 1.2 g IV once",
     "Ultra-long half-life → single or 2-dose regimens; expensive"],

    # ══ OXAZOLIDINONES ══
    ["OXAZOLIDINONES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Linezolid",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosome assembly (unique binding site)",
     "MRSA pneumonia/SSTI, VRE infections, XDR-TB (2nd line)",
     "600 mg PO/IV q12h",
     "Serotonin syndrome with SSRIs/SNRIs; thrombocytopenia; myelosuppression (>2 wks)"],
    ["Tedizolid",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosome assembly",
     "ABSSSI (MRSA, Streptococcus)",
     "200 mg PO/IV q24h × 6 days",
     "Less myelosuppression than linezolid; once-daily dosing"],

    # ══ LIPOPEPTIDES ══
    ["LIPOPEPTIDES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Daptomycin",
     "Disrupts gram-positive cell membrane (Ca2+-dependent)",
     "MRSA bacteraemia/endocarditis, VRE, SSTI",
     "4 mg/kg IV q24h (SSTI)\n6–10 mg/kg IV q24h (bacteraemia/endocarditis)",
     "Pulmonary surfactant inactivation → do NOT use for pneumonia; CPK monitoring"],

    # ══ SULFONAMIDES / DIAMINOPYRIMIDINES ══
    ["SULFONAMIDES / DIAMINOPYRIMIDINES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["TMP-SMX\n(Cotrimoxazole)",
     "Blocks folate synthesis (SMX inhibits dihydropteroate synthase; TMP inhibits DHFR)",
     "UTI, PCP prophylaxis/treatment, MRSA SSTI, Nocardia, Toxoplasma",
     "UTI: 1 DS tab PO q12h × 3 days\nPCP: 15–20 mg/kg/day (TMP) in 3–4 divided doses IV",
     "Hyperkalaemia; Steven-Johnson syndrome; bone marrow suppression; avoid in G6PD"],

    # ══ NITROIMIDAZOLES ══
    ["NITROIMIDAZOLES", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Metronidazole\n(Flagyl)",
     "Forms free radicals that damage microbial DNA",
     "Anaerobic infections, C. diff (PO/IV), bacterial vaginosis, Trichomonas, Giardia, H. pylori",
     "500 mg PO/IV q6–8h\n(C. diff: 500 mg PO q8h)",
     "Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol; peripheral neuropathy (prolonged use); metallic taste"],

    # ══ NITROFURANS ══
    ["NITROFURANS", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Nitrofurantoin\n(Macrobid)",
     "Damages multiple bacterial targets via reactive intermediates",
     "Uncomplicated UTI (lower tract only)",
     "Macrobid: 100 mg PO q12h × 5–7 days\nMacrocrystals: 50–100 mg PO q6h × 7 days",
     "NOT for pyelonephritis or systemic infections; pulmonary toxicity (long-term); avoid if CrCl <30"],

    # ══ ANTI-MRSA / MISC ══
    ["ANTI-MRSA / MISC", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Clindamycin",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit (peptidyl transferase)",
     "MRSA SSTI (D-test negative), anaerobic infections, pelvic/dental",
     "150–450 mg PO q6–8h\n600–900 mg IV q8h",
     "Pseudomembranous colitis (C. diff risk); check inducible resistance (D-test)"],
    ["Fosfomycin",
     "Inhibits MurA → blocks peptidoglycan synthesis",
     "Uncomplicated UTI (E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis), MDR-UTI",
     "3 g PO single dose (uncomplicated UTI)\n8–24 g/day IV for severe MDR",
     "Single-dose convenience; IV form for MDR; GI side effects"],
    ["Rifampin (Rifampicin)",
     "Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase",
     "TB (combination), MRSA biofilm (adjunct), Legionella, meningococcal prophylaxis",
     "TB: 10 mg/kg/day PO (max 600 mg)\nMeningococcal prophylaxis: 600 mg PO q12h × 2 days",
     "Never use as monotherapy (rapid resistance); orange urine/secretions; CYP450 inducer"],
    ["Chloramphenicol",
     "Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit (peptidyl transferase)",
     "Meningitis (PCN-allergy/resource-limited), typhoid, RMSF, anaerobes",
     "50–75 mg/kg/day IV in 4 divided doses",
     "Grey baby syndrome; aplastic anaemia (rare); monitor CBC"],

    # ══ ANTI-TB (FIRST LINE) ══
    ["ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS (1st Line)", "", "", "", ""],
    ["Isoniazid (INH)",
     "Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis (InhA target)",
     "Active TB (combination), LTBI prophylaxis",
     "5 mg/kg/day PO (max 300 mg/day)\nLTBI: 300 mg/day × 9 months or 900 mg biweekly",
     "Peripheral neuropathy (give pyridoxine B6); hepatotoxicity; drug interactions"],
    ["Rifampin (Rifampicin)\n(TB context)",
     "Inhibits RNA polymerase",
     "Active TB (backbone drug), LTBI (4-month short course)",
     "10 mg/kg/day PO (max 600 mg)",
     "CYP3A4 inducer; orange discolouration; hepatotoxicity"],
    ["Pyrazinamide (PZA)",
     "Disrupts membrane energetics in acidic environment",
     "Active TB (2-month initial phase)",
     "15–30 mg/kg/day PO (max 2 g/day)",
     "Hepatotoxicity; hyperuricaemia (gout flare); arthralgia"],
    ["Ethambutol (EMB)",
     "Inhibits arabinosyl transferase → cell-wall synthesis disruption",
     "Active TB (initial phase, prevents rifampin resistance)",
     "15–25 mg/kg/day PO",
     "Optic neuritis (colour vision loss); monitor vision monthly"],
]

# ── Identify class-header rows ────────────────────────────────────────────────
CLASS_KEYWORDS = {
    "PENICILLINS", "CEPHALOSPORINS", "CARBAPENEMS", "MONOBACTAMS",
    "FLUOROQUINOLONES", "MACROLIDES", "TETRACYCLINES", "AMINOGLYCOSIDES",
    "GLYCOPEPTIDES", "OXAZOLIDINONES", "LIPOPEPTIDES",
    "SULFONAMIDES / DIAMINOPYRIMIDINES", "NITROIMIDAZOLES", "NITROFURANS",
    "ANTI-MRSA / MISC", "ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS (1st Line)"
}

def is_class_row(row):
    return row[0].strip().upper() in {k.upper() for k in CLASS_KEYWORDS}

# ── Column widths (landscape A4 ≈ 27.7 cm usable) ────────────────────────────
COL_WIDTHS = [4.2*cm, 5.0*cm, 5.8*cm, 4.5*cm, 6.2*cm]

# ── Styles ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

style_hdr = ParagraphStyle(
    "hdr", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=8,
    textColor=HDR_TXT, alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=10
)
style_class = ParagraphStyle(
    "cls", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=8,
    textColor=CAT_TXT, alignment=TA_LEFT, leading=10
)
style_cell = ParagraphStyle(
    "cell", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=7.2,
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a1a1a"), leading=9.5, alignment=TA_LEFT
)
style_drug = ParagraphStyle(
    "drug", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=7.5,
    textColor=colors.HexColor("#1a3a5c"), leading=10, alignment=TA_LEFT
)

def make_para(text, row_idx, col_idx):
    if row_idx == 0:
        return Paragraph(text.replace("\n", "<br/>"), style_hdr)
    row = data[row_idx]
    if is_class_row(row):
        return Paragraph(text.replace("\n", "<br/>"), style_class)
    if col_idx == 0:
        return Paragraph(text.replace("\n", "<br/>"), style_drug)
    return Paragraph(text.replace("\n", "<br/>"), style_cell)

# ── Build table data with Paragraphs ─────────────────────────────────────────
table_data = []
for r_idx, row in enumerate(data):
    table_data.append([make_para(cell, r_idx, c_idx) for c_idx, cell in enumerate(row)])

# ── TableStyle commands ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
ts_cmds = [
    # grid
    ("GRID", (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.4, GRID),
    # header row
    ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,0), HDR_BG),
    ("FONTNAME",   (0,0), (-1,0), "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("ALIGN",      (0,0), (-1,0), "CENTER"),
    ("VALIGN",     (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
    ("ROWBACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,0), HDR_BG),
    # padding
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
]

# apply class-row and alternating-row colours
drug_row_idx = 0   # counter for non-header, non-class rows
for r_idx, row in enumerate(data):
    if r_idx == 0:
        continue
    if is_class_row(row):
        ts_cmds.append(("BACKGROUND", (0,r_idx), (-1,r_idx), CAT_BG))
        ts_cmds.append(("SPAN",       (0,r_idx), (-1,r_idx)))
        ts_cmds.append(("FONTNAME",   (0,r_idx), (-1,r_idx), "Helvetica-Bold"))
        ts_cmds.append(("FONTSIZE",   (0,r_idx), (-1,r_idx), 8))
    else:
        bg = ALT1 if drug_row_idx % 2 == 0 else ALT2
        ts_cmds.append(("BACKGROUND", (0,r_idx), (-1,r_idx), bg))
        drug_row_idx += 1

table = Table(table_data, colWidths=COL_WIDTHS, repeatRows=1)
table.setStyle(TableStyle(ts_cmds))

# ── Document ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT,
    pagesize=landscape(A4),
    leftMargin=1.0*cm, rightMargin=1.0*cm,
    topMargin=1.5*cm, bottomMargin=1.5*cm,
)

title_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "title", parent=styles["Title"],
    fontName="Helvetica-Bold", fontSize=16,
    textColor=HDR_BG, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4
)
sub_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "sub", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica", fontSize=9,
    textColor=FOOT_TXT, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=8
)
foot_style = ParagraphStyle(
    "foot", parent=styles["Normal"],
    fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", fontSize=7,
    textColor=FOOT_TXT, alignment=TA_CENTER
)

story = [
    Paragraph("Antibiotic Reference Chart", title_style),
    Paragraph("Classes · Mechanisms · Key Uses · Typical Adult Doses · Clinical Notes", sub_style),
    HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1.5, color=HDR_BG, spaceAfter=8),
    table,
    Spacer(1, 0.3*cm),
    Paragraph(
        "For clinical use, always verify dosing in current guidelines and adjust for renal/hepatic function, weight, and local resistance patterns. "
        "This chart is a reference aid and does not replace clinical judgement.",
        foot_style
    ),
]

doc.build(story)
print("PDF generated:", OUTPUT)