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from Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology, 4th South Asia edition write a 3 -mark reasoning answer on why Pernicious anemia is commonly seen in patients with gastric atrophy.

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Pernicious anemia is commonly seen in gastric atrophy because:
  1. Gastric atrophy causes loss of gastric glands, including the parietal cells. These cells normally secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor.
  2. Intrinsic factor binds dietary vitamin B12 and enables its receptor-mediated absorption in the terminal ileum.
  3. With reduced or absent intrinsic factor, very little vitamin B12 is absorbed. Vitamin B12 deficiency impairs maturation of red blood cells in the bone marrow, resulting in pernicious anemia.
Source: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 4th South Asia ed., p. 824.
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