CORELARE PRE ECLAMPSIA IN AYURVEDA AND GIVE

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Pre-Eclampsia: Correlation with Ayurveda


PART 1 - MODERN UNDERSTANDING OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA

Pre-eclampsia is a systemic syndrome caused by maternal endothelial dysfunction, occurring in 3-5% of pregnancies. It classically presents after 20 weeks gestation with the triad of:
  • Hypertension (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg)
  • Proteinuria (≥ 300 mg/24 hrs)
  • Edema (especially non-dependent - face, hands)

Pathogenesis (Modern)

Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia
The core mechanism (from Robbins Basic Pathology and Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology):
  1. Abnormal placentation - Trophoblast invasion of spiral arteries is impaired. Normally, musculoelastic walls are replaced by fibrinoid material creating wide sinusoids. In pre-eclampsia, these walls are retained - vessels remain narrow.
  2. Uteroplacental ischemia - Reduced blood flow triggers hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and oxidative stress.
  3. Angiogenic imbalance - Placenta releases excess anti-angiogenic factors (sFlt-1, endoglin), which antagonize VEGF and TGF-β. PlGF (pro-angiogenic) is decreased.
  4. Endothelial dysfunction - Decreased prostacyclin (vasodilator), increased thromboxane A2 (vasoconstrictor) → hypertension and vasospasm.
  5. Systemic consequences - Proteinuria (glomerular endotheliosis), edema, hypercoagulability, placental infarction.
  6. HELLP Syndrome occurs in ~10% of severe cases: microangiopathic Hemolytic anemia + Elevated Liver enzymes + Low Platelets.

PART 2 - AYURVEDIC CORRELATION

Important Note from Classical Texts

There is no direct term for pre-eclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) in Ayurvedic classics. However, the syndrome's manifestations are clearly described under several conditions in Prasuti Tantra (Obstetrics), and the correlation is well-established by Ayurvedic scholars through the study of Garbhini Vyapad (pregnancy complications) - IJAPR review on PIH and Ayurveda.

Nearest Ayurvedic Correlates

Pre-eclampsia FeatureAyurvedic Correlation
HypertensionRaktavata / Raktadusti - vitiated Rakta (blood) + Vata producing elevated pressure
Generalized edemaGarbhini Shotha - edema in pregnancy (Kapha + Vata imbalance)
ProteinuriaMutravaha Sroto Dushti - impaired urine-forming channels (Kleda/fluid excess)
Headache, visual disturbancesShirashoola, Timira - Vata/Pitta vitiation affecting Shiras (head) and Drishti (eyes)
Convulsions (Eclampsia)Apasmara / Akshepaka - Vata + Kapha affecting Majja dhatu and nervous system
Placental dysfunctionGarbhashaya Dushti - impaired functioning of uterine channels (Artavavaha srotas)
Nausea/vomitingGarbhini Chardi - a recognized Garbhini Vyapad condition
HELLP / liver involvementYakrit Vikara + Raktapitta - Pitta vitiation with hemorrhagic tendency

Samprapti (Pathogenesis) in Ayurveda

Nidana (Causative Factors):
  1. Aaharaja (Dietary):
    • Ati Lavana (excess salt) - causes Raktadusti and Shotha
    • Ati Amla (excess sour foods) - aggravates Pitta and Rakta
    • Snigdha/Guru Aahara (heavy, unctuous food) - causes Kapha vriddhi blocking channels
    • Ati Katu (spicy food) - aggravates Pitta, Raktadushti
  2. Viharaja (Lifestyle):
    • Alpa Vyayama (sedentary lifestyle) - Kapha sanchaya, channel obstruction
    • Bhukta Divasvapna (daytime sleep after meals) - further Kapha dominance
    • Chinta/Shoka (stress, grief) - Vata vitiation
  3. Manasika (Psychological):
    • Emotional disturbances, anxiety (Chinta) - aggravate Apana Vata

Dosha Analysis

Primary Dosha: Vata (mainly Apana Vata)
Apana Vata governs the pelvic region, placentation, uterine blood flow, and elimination functions. Its impairment correlates with:
  • Abnormal spiral artery remodeling (deficient trophoblast invasion)
  • Impaired uteroplacental blood flow
  • Vasospasm (Vata causing vascular constriction)
Secondary: Kapha Vriddhi
Aggravated Kapha causes:
  • Srotorodha (channel obstruction) = endothelial dysfunction
  • Shotha (edema) = fluid accumulation
  • Mutravaha Sroto Dushti (proteinuria)
Tertiary: Pitta Dushti
As disease progresses:
  • Rakta Dusti = blood vessel inflammation/atherosis (acute atheroma seen in 10% of pre-eclamptic placentas)
  • Yakrit involvement (hepatic involvement in HELLP)
  • Pitta causes the burning, flushing, headache, visual disturbance features

Samprapti Ghataka (Pathological Components)

ComponentAyurvedic Term
DoshaVata (Apana) + Kapha + Pitta
Dushya (affected tissue)Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda (fluid, blood, muscle, fat)
SrotasRaktavaha, Mutravaha, Artavavaha, Rasavaha srotas
Sroto DustiSanga (obstruction), Atipravrutti (excess secretion)
Adhisthana (site)Garbhashaya (uterus), Hridaya (heart/circulation), Mutra (kidneys)
Vyadhi SwabhavaKrrichra Sadhya (difficult to cure, manageable with prompt delivery - paralleling modern management)

Ayurvedic Management (Chikitsa)

1. Nidana Parivarjana (Avoidance of Causative Factors)

  • Avoid excess salt, spicy, sour, heavy foods
  • Avoid daytime sleeping, sedentary behavior, stress

2. Garbhini Paricharya (Antenatal Regimen)

  • Masanumasika Chikitsa (month-wise regimen) - supports vascular and nutritional adaptation throughout pregnancy
  • Shatapushpa Ghrita / Medicated Ghee - mild diuretic and Vata-Kapha pacifying
  • Milk (Ksheera) - nourishes Rasa Dhatu, reduces Pitta

3. Key Ayurvedic Herbs (with modern evidence)

HerbAyurvedic ActionModern Mechanism
Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus)Rasayana, Stanya, Rakta ShodhakPhytochemical antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, vasculoprotective; shown in animal models of PE
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)Rasayana, Balya, Vata-haraAnti-inflammatory, reduces oxidative stress; shown active in PE animal models
Haridra/Turmeric (Curcuma longa)Pitta-Kapha hara, Rakta ShodhakCurcumin = antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibits sFlt-1 elevation
Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa)Shotha hara (anti-edema), diureticDiuretic, nephroprotective, reduces proteinuria
Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris)Mutral (diuretic), Vata-Pitta haraNephroprotective, reduces hypertension
Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri)Medhya Rasayana, Vata-Pitta haraNeuroprotective, antihypertensive
These herbs' therapeutic potential for preeclampsia is reviewed in a 2025 PMC article in J Ayurveda Integr Med (PMID available).

4. Panchakarma (Pre-conceptional Detoxification)

  • Virechana (purgation) to clear Pitta and Rakta Dusti
  • Basti (medicated enema) to correct Apana Vata
  • NOT to be performed during established pre-eclampsia - applicable in preconception period

5. Yoga and Pranayama

  • Improves circulation, reduces Vata imbalance and stress response
  • Bhramari, Nadi Shodhana pranayama reduce BP

Garbhini Vyapad - Specific Conditions Correlated

Ayurvedic texts (Harita Samhita describes 8 types of Garbhopadravas) include:
Garbhini VyapadCorrelation
Garbhini Shotha (pregnancy edema)Gestational/pre-eclamptic edema
Garbhini Mutragraha (urinary retention/proteinuria)Renal involvement in PE
Garbhini Jwara (fever in pregnancy)Inflammatory state of PE
Garbhini Shwasa (dyspnea)Pulmonary edema in severe PE
Garbhini Hridruja (cardiac symptoms)Cardiac involvement in severe PE
Garbhini Urdhwavata (upward Vata)Headache, visual changes, convulsions

Summary Table - Modern vs Ayurvedic Parallel

Modern ConceptAyurvedic Parallel
Spiral artery remodeling failureApana Vata Vikruti in Artavavaha Srotas
Endothelial dysfunctionSrotorodha (channel obstruction) by Kapha
Angiogenic imbalance (sFlt-1 excess)Dhatukshaya of Rasa/Rakta (depletion of tissue factors)
HypertensionVyana Vata + Rakta Dusti
EdemaKapha Vriddhi + Rasa Dhatu overflow
ProteinuriaMutravaha Sroto Dushti (Kapha obstruction of kidney channels)
Oxidative stressAma formation (metabolic toxins)
Eclampsia (convulsions)Apasmara / Vata-Kapha Avriti of Majjavaha Srotas
Delivery as definitive cureClassical Ayurveda supports timely Prasava (delivery) as the resolution

Clinical Significance

Modern Ayurvedic research suggests:
  • Pre-conceptional Rasayana therapy (Shatavari + Ashwagandha) may reduce endothelial vulnerability
  • Garbhini Paricharya regimen reduces risk by maintaining Dosha balance throughout pregnancy
  • Ayurvedic herbal adjuncts (particularly antioxidant and nephroprotective herbs) show potential in pre-clinical studies, but clinical trials in humans remain limited
  • Ayurveda should be used as complementary support - modern obstetric monitoring and intervention (antihypertensives, MgSO4, timely delivery) remain the standard of care
Reference: Robbins & Kumar Basic Pathology - Preeclampsia/Eclampsia section | Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology 7th Ed. | IJAPR: PIH - Ayurvedic Understanding | PMC 2025 - Indian Medicinal Plants for Preeclampsia

Generate a month-by-month Garbhini Paricharya dietary guide with modern & Ayurvedic recommendations for pregnancy-induced hypertension prevention

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Garbhini Paricharya: Month-by-Month Dietary Guide for PIH Prevention

Integrating Masanumasika Chikitsa (Ayurveda) with Evidence-Based Modern Nutrition


Foundational Principles Before the Guide

Ayurvedic Basis: Garbhini Paricharya (care of the pregnant woman) is detailed in the Bruhat Trayi - Charaka Samhita (Sharirasthana 8), Sushruta Samhita (Sharirasthana 10), and Ashtanga Sangraha (Sharirasthana 3). The month-wise dietary regimen (Masanumasika Pathya) changes every month in alignment with the trimester-by-trimester growth of fetal tissues (Dhatus) and the shifting Dosha balance of the mother.
Modern Evidence Basis:

Pre-Conception Phase (Garbhadhana Paricharya)

Ayurvedic Focus: Shodhana (purification), Rasayana (rejuvenation), balancing Apana Vata
DomainRecommendation
Dosha targetBalance Apana Vata + clear Kapha Sanga from channels
PanchakarmaVirechana (purgation) + Basti (enema) to detoxify Rakta and correct Vata
Rasayana herbsShatavari (Asparagus racemosus) + Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) - both shown active against PE pathways in animal studies
FoodsWarm, freshly cooked, light meals; mung bean kitchari, milk, ghee, barley, sprouted grains, soaked almonds
AvoidExcess salt, spicy, sour, processed/packaged food, alcohol
Modern FocusRecommendation
Folic acid400-800 mcg/day - begin at least 1 month before conception
Calcium loadingDairy, green leafy vegetables, sesame seeds if dietary intake is low
BMI optimizationTarget BMI < 25; obesity is a major pre-eclampsia risk factor
Iron + Vitamin DCheck and correct deficiencies before conception

FIRST MONTH (Pratham Masa)

Fetal Development: Implantation, formation of Kalala (fertilized ovum consolidating), development of Rasa Dhatu (nutritive fluids)
Classical Ayurvedic Diet (Charaka Samhita):
  • Primary prescription: Cold (Sheeta), sweet (Madhura), liquid diet; non-medicated cow's milk frequently in small quantities
  • Sushruta adds: Sweet, cooling, liquid diet - coconut water, diluted fruit juices
  • Harita Samhita adds: Madhuyashti (licorice) + butter + honey + milk preparation
Ayurvedic Rationale: Vata is naturally elevated with the implantation stress. Cold, sweet, unctuous milk pacifies Vata, nourishes nascent Rasa Dhatu, and prevents early dryness/channel constriction - the Ayurvedic precursor to endothelial dysfunction.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
CalciumMilk, yogurt, cheeseBegin building calcium reserves; calcium deficiency is the #1 modifiable dietary risk for PE
Folic acid 400-800 mcgGreen leafy vegetables, fortified cerealsSupports trophoblast development and methylation pathways
Vitamin D 600-2000 IUSunlight, fortified milkRegulates trophoblast invasion and immune tolerance
Antioxidants (Vitamin C)Amla (Indian gooseberry), citrusProtects against early oxidative stress
Foods to Include: Milk, coconut water, pomegranate juice (diluted), thin rice gruel (peya), soft fruits, soaked dates Foods to Avoid: Raw, cold, heavy meals; excess salt; pineapple; papaya; sugarcane

SECOND MONTH (Dvitiya Masa)

Fetal Development: Formation of head, limbs, sense organs; predominance of Rasa Dhatu; Hridaya (heart) formation begins
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Madhura (sweet), Sheeta (cooling), Drava (liquid) diet - coconut water, fruit juices (except pineapple/papaya), rice water (kanji that has not turned sour)
  • Medicines (Charaka): Jyeshthamadha (licorice) + white sandalwood + red sandalwood in cow's milk
  • Sushruta adds: Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) + Manjishtha decoction with milk and sugar - important for Rakta purification
Ayurvedic Rationale: Pitta begins increasing. Manjishtha (Rubia cordifolia) purifies Rakta Dhatu early - correlating with maintaining healthy endothelial function before vascular pathology sets in.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Calcium 1000-1200 mgSesame seeds, dairy, ragiPrevents vasoconstriction in spiral arteries
Magnesium 350-400 mgNuts, seeds, leafy greens, bananaVasodilation, reduces BP, reduces cerebral irritability
Vitamin B6Bananas, nuts, legumesReduces nausea; supports endothelial function
Iron (non-heme)Pomegranate, spinach, amaranth + Vitamin CPrevents anemia; anemia increases PE risk
Foods to Include: Milk-based smoothies, coconut water, lotus stem, pomegranate, soft cooked rice, banana, ragi porridge Foods to Avoid: Excess salt, sour foods, pineapple, raw papaya, heavy/oily foods

THIRD MONTH (Tritiya Masa)

Fetal Development: All organs formed; Manas (mind) and sense organs become more developed; limb movement begins
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Rice with milk or ghee; honey and ghee together with milk (in unequal proportions - important safety note: honey + ghee in equal quantities is contraindicated in Ayurveda)
  • Same fruit juices as 2nd month
  • Charaka/Sushruta: Emphasize Madhura Rasa (sweet taste) foods to nourish fetal Manas (mind) and prevent emotional Vata disturbance
Ayurvedic Rationale: Ghrita (ghee) is Snehana - unctuous, nourishing, Vata-pacifying. It lubricates the Artavavaha srotas, keeping channels flexible and preventing the rigidity (stiffness/spasm) of spiral arteries.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Omega-3 fatty acidsFlaxseeds, walnuts, fatty fishAnti-inflammatory; reduces systemic vascular resistance
Vitamin EAlmonds, sunflower seeds, wheat germAntioxidant; earlier studies showed promise (evidence mixed for supplements but food sources beneficial)
Fiber 25-30 g/dayOats, whole grains, lentilsReduces BP, improves gut microbiome and endothelial function
CholineEggs, legumesSupports neural tube and placental health
Foods to Include: Rice + ghee + honey (unequal portions), warm milk, soft-cooked lentils, oats porridge, almonds, walnuts, coconut milk Foods to Avoid: All raw, uncooked, fermented, very sour foods; excess caffeine (max 200 mg/day)

FOURTH MONTH (Chaturtha Masa)

Fetal Development: Fetal heart consolidates; Meda (fat) and Mamsa (muscle) dhatus begin forming; heaviness in the mother's body increases
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Charaka: Butter (navanita) taken from milk; rice with curds; fruit juices; coconut water
  • Hridya Phala (heart-nourishing fruits): Mango, watermelon, white pumpkin, yellow pumpkin, snake gourd (chichinda), pomegranate, amla
  • Sushruta: Shashti rice with curd + Jangala Mamsa (lean meat broth from forest animals)
  • Medicine: Sariva, Rasna, Bharangi or Jyeshthamadhu decoction
Ayurvedic Rationale: The Hridaya (heart) is considered the seat of Prana and Rakta Dhatu. Hridya foods nourish the cardiovascular system - correlating directly with the modern need to support healthy vascular tone and prevent the rising endothelial dysfunction of pre-eclampsia. Sariva (Indian Sarsaparilla) is a Rakta-Shodhak (blood purifier).
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Potassium 2000-3500 mgBanana, coconut water, sweet potato, pumpkinReduces BP by balancing sodium; key DASH diet component
LycopeneWatermelon, tomatoes, pink guavaAntioxidant; reduces sFlt-1 levels (the anti-angiogenic factor elevated in PE)
Calcium + Vitamin D synergyDairy, fortified foods + sunlightPeak period to supplement - most impactful window
Anti-inflammatory foodsTurmeric (Haridra) milkCurcumin reduces oxidative stress; shown active in PE animal models
Foods to Include: Fresh butter on rice, curd (plain, unsalted), pomegranate, watermelon, pumpkin soup, coconut water, golden milk (turmeric milk) Foods to Avoid: Excess table salt (target < 5 g/day NaCl), processed meats, pickled/preserved foods

FIFTH MONTH (Panchama Masa)

Fetal Development: Predominant growth of Mamsa (flesh/muscle) and Rakta (blood) Dhatu - the heaviest growth phase; mother often experiences fatigue
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Charaka/Ashtanga Sangraha: Rice + milk; Ghee from butter; Payasa (rice milk pudding)
  • Rakta Vardhak (blood-building) foods: Pomegranate, amla (Indian gooseberry), guava, apple, spinach, beetroot - remarkably aligned with modern iron + folate recommendations
  • Mamsa Vardhak (bulk-building): Meat soup (lean broth), black gram
  • Medicine: Kantakari + Pipal + Udumbar + Banyan bark powder with milk
Ayurvedic Rationale: Rakta Dhatu growth phase directly parallels fetal erythropoiesis and placental angiogenesis. Building healthy Rakta prevents Rakta Dusti (blood vitiation), the Ayurvedic precursor to endothelial inflammation and hypertension.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Iron 27 mg/dayPomegranate, spinach, lentils + Vitamin CPeak fetal demand; anemia independently increases PE risk
Folate/B12Green leafy vegetables, legumes, dairyDNA synthesis for rapidly dividing fetal cells
Protein 70-80 g/dayLentils, legumes, dairy, lean meatMaintains colloid osmotic pressure; prevents edema
L-arginineNuts, seeds, legumesPrecursor to nitric oxide (vasodilator) - anti-PE mechanism
Foods to Include: Pomegranate juice, amla murabba (not sugary preserve), beetroot-spinach soup, rice kheer (payasa), dal preparations, sesame chikki (calcium-rich), seasonal fruits Foods to Avoid: Excess salt, canned/tinned foods, high-sugar foods (gestational diabetes increases PE risk)

SIXTH MONTH (Shashtha Masa)

Fetal Development: Bala (strength), Varna (complexion), nails, hair, ligaments, bones develop; fetal movements well-established; Kapha in mother tends to increase - highest edema risk period begins
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Charaka: Ghee + rice; Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris) Siddha Ghee (medicated); Yavagu (rice kanji/gruel)
  • Balya herbs: Shatavari, Ashwagandha, Vidarikanda, Bala, Atibala, Mudgaparni - all Rasayanas that strengthen the mother
  • Varnya (complexion): Sandalwood + lotus + ushir + Sariva + Manjishtha + white Durva
Ayurvedic Rationale for PIH Prevention: Gokshura (Tribulus) is a powerful Mutral (diuretic) and Vata-Pitta Shamak. It reduces Shotha (edema) by promoting healthy kidney function - the Ayurvedic intervention against the Mutravaha Sroto Dushti that correlates with proteinuria. Siddha Ghrita with Gokshura is one of the key anti-edema prescriptions in classical texts.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Calcium 1200-1500 mgDairy, ragi, sesame, tofuMost critical supplementation period (2nd trimester onset)
Vitamin D 1000-2000 IUFortified milk, sun exposure, supplementsPrevents immune dysregulation contributing to PE
Magnesium 350-400 mgDark chocolate, pumpkin seeds, spinachPrevents vasospasm; reduces BP
SeleniumBrazil nuts (1-2/day), whole grainsAnti-oxidant; eradicates reactive oxygen species in endothelium
Foods to Include: Ragi (finger millet) porridge, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds, almonds, Gokshura kadha (decoction - under supervision), plain rice kanji, medicated ghee, tender coconut Foods to Avoid: Very salty snacks, chips, preserved foods; reduce Guru (heavy) food like fried items; limit excess sweet

SEVENTH MONTH (Saptama Masa)

Fetal Development: Fetal Ojas (essence of all dhatus = immune vitality) consolidates; consciousness and awareness deepen; premature delivery risk rises
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Charaka: Same as 6th month - ghee continues prominently
  • Sushruta adds: Ghee with Prithakparnyadi group of drugs
  • Harita adds: Ghrita Khanda (medicated ghee preparation)
  • Special indication: If there is itching on lower abdomen, thighs, or breasts (stretch marks / rash) - Badar (berry) kashaya in sweet preparations + buttermilk
  • Anuvasana Basti (medicated oil enema) - weekly, with Vata-pacifying oils - to correct Apana Vata, soften uterine ligaments, prepare for delivery
Ayurvedic Rationale for PIH Prevention: By the 7th month, Ojas (immune vitality) is critical. Decreased Ojas in classical Ayurveda mirrors the systemic inflammatory dysfunction and impaired immune tolerance seen in pre-eclampsia. Basti in this month is one of the most important Ayurvedic interventions - correcting Apana Vata directly addresses the equivalent of impaired spiral artery compliance.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Omega-3 (DHA 200-300 mg)Flaxseed oil, walnuts, sardines/mackerelAnti-inflammatory; reduces thromboxane/prostacyclin imbalance
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)Nuts, fish, sesameReduces oxidative stress; emerging PE-prevention evidence (Ushida 2025)
ProbioticsCurd, fermented foodsGut microbiome modulation; reduces systemic inflammation
Fiber 25-30 g/dayOats, flaxseed, legumesLowers BP and inflammatory markers
Foods to Include: Ghee in daily meals, flaxseed in roti or porridge, homemade curd, barley soup, fruit with nuts, dates (2-3/day), almonds Foods to Avoid: Spicy, very hot food; reduce sodium strictly; avoid Guru (fried, heavy) food; no carbonated drinks

EIGHTH MONTH (Ashtama Masa)

Fetal Development: Ojas shuttles between mother and fetus - both are in a transitional, vulnerable state. Charaka says the woman becomes weak. Maximum weight of fetus places highest pressure on renal and vascular systems.
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Charaka (Vagbhata concurs): Rice gruel (Yavagu) prepared with milk and mixed with ghee - Ksheera Yavagu
  • Important classical caution (Bhadrakapya, quoted in Charaka): Plain Yavagu (without milk) should NOT be given in the 8th month, as it may destabilize the transitional Ojas - Vagbhata endorses this
  • Sushruta's Asthapana Basti - herbal decoction enema to facilitate smooth passage, correct Vata, and prepare birth canal
  • Sushruta also advises: Medicated ghee internally in this month specifically for anulomana (correct directional flow of Vata)
Ayurvedic Rationale for PIH Prevention: The 8th month is the most fragile vascular-renal period. Ksheera Yavagu is easy to digest, reduces Vata and Pitta simultaneously, provides hydration, protein, and calcium in an easily absorbable form - protecting against the final surge of anti-angiogenic factors and glomerular stress seen in late-onset pre-eclampsia.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Small, frequent meals (6x/day)Every 2-3 hoursPrevents hypoglycemia spikes that trigger sympathetic activation
Reduce sodium strictly < 5 g/dayAvoid adding salt, processed foodsEspecially important now; sodium restriction reduces BP
Calcium 1500 mgMilk-based preparations, supplements if neededFinal intensive calcium phase
Hydration 2.5-3 L/dayCoconut water, plain water, milkPrevents hemoconcentration and platelet activation
Foods to Include: Ksheera Yavagu (milk rice gruel with ghee), soft-cooked rice, warm dal, banana, papaya (ripe only, small amounts), dates, coconut water Foods to Avoid: Excess salt, raw salads, spicy curries, red meat in excess, caffeine > 100 mg, carbonated drinks

NINTH MONTH (Navama Masa)

Fetal Development: Complete maturation; fetus descends into pelvis; cervical ripening begins; Apana Vata prepares for Prasava (delivery)
Classical Ayurvedic Diet:
  • Harita Samhita: Vividha Anna - different varieties of rice and cereals
  • All classical texts agree: Continue milk preparations; ghee; medicated oils
  • Anuvasana Basti and Yoni Pichu (vaginal tamponing with medicated oil) - lubricates birth canal, corrects Apana Vata
  • Emphasis on soft, warm, easily digestible foods - do not burden Agni at this stage
  • Avoid: Any heavy physical activity, emotional stress, Guru/Abhishyandi (channel-blocking) foods
Ayurvedic Rationale for PIH Prevention: Supporting Apana Vata now ensures smooth descent and delivery - avoiding prolonged labor which worsens vascular stress in a pre-eclamptic woman. Timely Prasava (delivery) is recognized even in Ayurveda as the definitive resolution, mirroring modern obstetric management.
Modern Parallel:
NutrientSourcePIH-Prevention Role
Magnesium-rich foodsBanana, pumpkin seeds, dark leafy greensReduces seizure threshold (eclampsia prevention)
L-arginine 3-4 g (functional foods)Sesame, nuts, legumesNO precursor - supports final endothelial vasodilation
Iron + B12Continue supplementationPrepares for blood loss at delivery
Easily digestible proteinLentil soup, milk, curdMaintains albumin (prevents edema)
Foods to Include: Light khichdi, vegetable soups, warm milk + ghee, seasonal fruits, dates + almonds, rice-milk preparations, tender coconut water Foods to Avoid: All Guru (heavy) food, excess salt, cold/raw food, excess sour, vigorous exercise

Consolidated PIH-Prevention Dietary Summary Table

MonthTrimesterAyurvedic Core FoodKey PIH-Prevention NutrientModern Focus
11stCold milk (Sheeta Ksheera)Calcium + FolateImplantation support; folic acid
21stSweet liquid diet; Shatavari milkCalcium + Mg + B6Anti-Rakta-Dusti; anti-nausea
31stMilk + Ghee + HoneyOmega-3 + Fiber + Vit EChannel lubrication; antioxidants
42ndButter + Rice + Curd + Hridya fruitsPotassium + Lycopene + CaCardiovascular nourishment
52ndRakta Vardhak foods (pomegranate, amla)Iron + Folate + L-argininePlacental angiogenesis support
62ndGokshura Siddha Ghrita + Rice kanjiCa 1200+ mg + Vit D + SeAnti-edema; renal protection
73rdGhee + medicated preparationsOmega-3 DHA + ProbioticsAnti-inflammatory; Ojas building
83rdKsheera Yavagu (milk + rice + ghee)Na restriction + Ca + hydrationHemodynamic stability
93rdLight varied cereals + milkMg + L-arginine + FeDelivery preparation

Universal "Always Avoid" (Garbhopaghatakara Bhavas) for PIH Prevention

Ayurvedic contraindications that align with modern evidence:
AvoidAyurvedic ReasonModern Reason
Ati Lavana (excess salt)Raktadusti, ShothaSodium retention → hypertension
Ati Amla (excess sour)Pitta/Rakta vitiationAcid load; triggers RAAS
Guru Aahara (heavy, fried food)Kapha Sanga, SrotorodhaEndothelial inflammation, dyslipidemia
Bhukta Divasvapna (post-meal day sleep)Kapha excess; blocks channelsWeight gain, insulin resistance, BP rise
Alpa Vyayama (sedentary)Kapha stasisReduces cardiovascular adaptation
Chinta/Shoka (stress/grief)Vata aggravationCortisol → sympathetic activation → BP
Pineapple, raw papayaGarbha-threatening (abortion risk)Bromelain/papain uterotonic effects
Viruddha Aahara (incompatible foods)Ama formationEndotoxins, gut dysbiosis, inflammation

Key Ayurvedic Herbs Supporting PIH Prevention (Month-Wise)

HerbBest MonthsAyurvedic ActionModern Mechanism
ShatavariAll 9 monthsRasayana, Stanya, Rakta-ShodhakAntioxidant, vasculoprotective phytochemicals
Jyeshthamadhu (Licorice)1-3Vata-Pitta hara, anti-inflammatoryGlycyrrhizin: anti-inflammatory, adapts HPA axis
Gokshura5-8Mutral, Vata-Pitta hara, anti-ShothaNephroprotective, diuretic, anti-hypertensive
AshwagandhaPreconception, 6-8Rasayana, BalyaReduces oxidative stress, withanolides anti-inflammatory
Haridra (Turmeric)4-9Pitta-Kapha hara, Rakta-ShodhakCurcumin: reduces sFlt-1, anti-inflammatory
Punarnava6-8Shotha-hara, Kapha-Vata haraDiuretic, reduces proteinuria
Manjishtha2-5Rakta Shodhak, anti-RaktadustiAnti-inflammatory, blood-purifying
Brahmi7-9Medhya Rasayana, Vata haraNeuroprotective, antihypertensive
Important: All herb use in pregnancy must be supervised by a qualified Ayurvedic Vaidya or BAMS practitioner. Some herbs have trimester-specific restrictions.

Sources: Charaka Samhita Sharirasthana 8:32 | Sushruta Samhita Sharirasthana 10:4 | Ashtanga Sangraha Sharirasthana 3:3 | Harita Samhita | Garbhini Paricharya review - Semantic Scholar | IJAPR - PIH Ayurvedic Understanding | Gunabalasingam SR/MA 2023 PMID 36352102 | Ushida Review 2025 PMID 39930022 | DASH Diet & PE - PMC 2025

Make a presentation on Ayurvedic vs modern mechanisms in pre-eclampsia prevention

Reading File
Reading File
Reading File
Running Command

mkdir -p /tmp/workspace/preeclampsia-ppt && ls /tmp/workspace/preeclampsia-ppt/

Writing File

~/preeclampsia-ppt/build_ppt.py

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt, Emu
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE, MSO_CONNECTOR
from io import BytesIO

# ─── COLOUR PALETTE ────────────────────────────────────────────
DEEP_GREEN   = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x5C, 0x38)   # Ayurveda primary
MID_GREEN    = RGBColor(0x2E, 0x8B, 0x57)
LIGHT_GREEN  = RGBColor(0xD4, 0xED, 0xDA)
DEEP_BLUE    = RGBColor(0x0D, 0x3B, 0x6E)   # Modern/medical primary
MID_BLUE     = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x73, 0xBB)
LIGHT_BLUE   = RGBColor(0xD0, 0xE8, 0xF8)
GOLD         = RGBColor(0xC8, 0x96, 0x20)
CREAM        = RGBColor(0xFD, 0xF6, 0xE3)
WHITE        = RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF)
DARK_GRAY    = RGBColor(0x2D, 0x2D, 0x2D)
MED_GRAY     = RGBColor(0x55, 0x55, 0x55)
LIGHT_GRAY   = RGBColor(0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0)
RED_ACCENT   = RGBColor(0xC0, 0x39, 0x2B)
ORANGE       = RGBColor(0xE6, 0x7E, 0x22)

prs = Presentation()
prs.slide_width  = Inches(13.333)
prs.slide_height = Inches(7.5)
BLANK = prs.slide_layouts[6]


# ─── HELPER FUNCTIONS ──────────────────────────────────────────

def add_rect(slide, x, y, w, h, fill_color, line_color=None, line_w=None):
    shp = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    shp.fill.solid()
    shp.fill.fore_color.rgb = fill_color
    if line_color:
        shp.line.color.rgb = line_color
        shp.line.width = Pt(line_w or 1)
    else:
        shp.line.fill.background()
    shp.shadow.inherit = False
    return shp

def add_rr(slide, x, y, w, h, fill_color, line_color=None, line_w=None):
    shp = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    shp.fill.solid()
    shp.fill.fore_color.rgb = fill_color
    if line_color:
        shp.line.color.rgb = line_color
        shp.line.width = Pt(line_w or 1)
    else:
        shp.line.fill.background()
    shp.shadow.inherit = False
    return shp

def add_tb(slide, x, y, w, h, text, size, bold=False, color=DARK_GRAY,
           align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, italic=False, wrap=True):
    tb = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    tf = tb.text_frame
    tf.word_wrap = wrap
    tf.margin_left = 0; tf.margin_right = 0
    tf.margin_top = 0;  tf.margin_bottom = 0
    p = tf.paragraphs[0]
    p.alignment = align
    r = p.add_run()
    r.text = text
    r.font.name = "Calibri"
    r.font.size = Pt(size)
    r.font.bold = bold
    r.font.italic = italic
    r.font.color.rgb = color
    return tf

def add_tb_multi(slide, x, y, w, h, lines, size, bold=False, color=DARK_GRAY,
                 align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, line_spacing=1.15):
    """lines = list of (text, bold_override, color_override) OR plain strings"""
    tb = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    tf = tb.text_frame
    tf.word_wrap = True
    tf.margin_left = Pt(4); tf.margin_right = Pt(4)
    tf.margin_top = Pt(4);  tf.margin_bottom = Pt(4)
    from pptx.oxml.ns import qn
    from lxml import etree
    first = True
    for line in lines:
        if isinstance(line, str):
            txt, b, c = line, bold, color
        else:
            txt, b, c = line[0], line[1] if len(line)>1 else bold, line[2] if len(line)>2 else color
        if first:
            p = tf.paragraphs[0]
            first = False
        else:
            p = tf.add_paragraph()
        p.alignment = align
        # line spacing
        from pptx.oxml.ns import qn
        pPr = p._p.get_or_add_pPr()
        lnSpc = etree.SubElement(pPr, qn('a:lnSpc'))
        spcPct = etree.SubElement(lnSpc, qn('a:spcPct'))
        spcPct.set('val', str(int(line_spacing * 100000)))
        r = p.add_run()
        r.text = txt
        r.font.name = "Calibri"
        r.font.size = Pt(size)
        r.font.bold = b
        r.font.color.rgb = c
    return tf

def header_bar(slide, title, subtitle=None,
               bar_color=DEEP_BLUE, title_color=WHITE, sub_color=LIGHT_BLUE):
    add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, bar_color)
    add_tb(slide, 0.35, 0.12, 12.6, 0.65, title, 28, bold=True,
           color=title_color, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)
    if subtitle:
        add_tb(slide, 0.35, 0.72, 12.6, 0.38, subtitle, 14, bold=False,
               color=sub_color, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)

def slide_bg(slide, color=WHITE):
    add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, color)

def footer(slide, text="Ayurveda vs Modern Medicine | Pre-Eclampsia Prevention"):
    add_rect(slide, 0, 7.15, 13.333, 0.35, DEEP_BLUE)
    add_tb(slide, 0.3, 7.17, 10, 0.28, text, 9, color=LIGHT_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)

def divider(slide, y=1.12, color=GOLD):
    ln = slide.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT,
                                    Inches(0), Inches(y), Inches(13.333), Inches(y))
    ln.line.color.rgb = color
    ln.line.width = Pt(2)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 1 — TITLE SLIDE
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
# Full background split
add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 6.667, 7.5, DEEP_GREEN)   # left - Ayurveda
add_rect(slide, 6.667, 0, 6.666, 7.5, DEEP_BLUE) # right - Modern

# Decorative top strip
add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 0.18, GOLD)

# Centre white panel
add_rr(slide, 1.8, 1.5, 9.7, 4.5, WHITE, GOLD, 1.5)

# Title
add_tb(slide, 2.0, 1.8, 9.3, 1.0,
       "Ayurvedic vs Modern Mechanisms", 34, bold=True,
       color=DEEP_GREEN, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_tb(slide, 2.0, 2.75, 9.3, 0.7,
       "in Pre-Eclampsia Prevention", 32, bold=True,
       color=DEEP_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# Gold divider
add_rect(slide, 3.5, 3.5, 6.3, 0.06, GOLD)

# Subtitle
add_tb(slide, 2.0, 3.65, 9.3, 0.55,
       "An Integrative Analysis of Pathophysiology, Dosha Science & Evidence-Based Nutrition",
       14, color=MED_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

# Labels
add_tb(slide, 0.15, 6.8, 3.0, 0.5, "AYURVEDA", 15, bold=True,
       color=LIGHT_GREEN, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)
add_tb(slide, 10.3, 6.8, 3.0, 0.5, "MODERN MEDICINE", 15, bold=True,
       color=LIGHT_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.RIGHT)

# Bottom note
add_tb(slide, 2.0, 5.9, 9.3, 0.5,
       "Prasuti Tantra  |  Garbhini Paricharya  |  Evidence-Based Obstetrics",
       12, color=MED_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 2 — AGENDA
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, CREAM)
header_bar(slide, "Presentation Agenda", "Overview of topics covered", DEEP_GREEN, WHITE, LIGHT_GREEN)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

agenda_items = [
    ("01", "Pre-Eclampsia Overview", "Epidemiology, clinical triad, diagnostic criteria"),
    ("02", "Modern Pathogenesis", "Spiral artery remodeling, sFlt-1, endothelial dysfunction"),
    ("03", "Ayurvedic Framework", "Dosha analysis, Garbhini Vyapad, Samprapti"),
    ("04", "Mechanism Comparison", "Side-by-side parallel pathways"),
    ("05", "Modern Prevention", "Calcium, Vitamin D, DASH diet, aspirin"),
    ("06", "Ayurvedic Prevention", "Garbhini Paricharya, Masanumasika Chikitsa"),
    ("07", "Herb-Evidence Bridge", "Shatavari, Gokshura, Haridra - modern validation"),
    ("08", "Integrated Model & Future", "Combining both systems for better outcomes"),
]

cols = [(0.35, 1.25), (6.85, 1.25)]
for i, (num, title, sub) in enumerate(agenda_items):
    col = i % 2
    row = i // 2
    x = cols[col][0]
    y = 1.35 + row * 1.45
    box = add_rr(slide, x, y, 6.1, 1.25,
                 LIGHT_GREEN if col == 0 else LIGHT_BLUE,
                 DEEP_GREEN if col == 0 else DEEP_BLUE, 1)
    add_rect(slide, x, y, 0.7, 1.25,
             DEEP_GREEN if col == 0 else DEEP_BLUE)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, y+0.3, 0.6, 0.65, num, 18, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.8, y+0.1, 5.2, 0.45, title, 13, bold=True,
           color=DEEP_GREEN if col==0 else DEEP_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.8, y+0.55, 5.2, 0.6, sub, 10.5, color=MED_GRAY,
           align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 3 — PRE-ECLAMPSIA OVERVIEW
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Pre-Eclampsia: Overview", "A multisystem pregnancy disorder affecting 3-5% of pregnancies worldwide", DEEP_BLUE)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Clinical triad boxes
triad = [
    ("HYPERTENSION", "BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg\nNew onset after 20 wks\nVasospasm-mediated", DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("PROTEINURIA", "≥ 300 mg/24 hrs\nGlomerular endotheliosis\nRenal dysfunction", MID_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    ("EDEMA", "Non-dependent\nFace, hands, feet\nCapillary leak", ORANGE, RGBColor(0xFF,0xEE,0xCC)),
]
for i, (title, desc, col, bg) in enumerate(triad):
    x = 0.35 + i * 3.0
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.25, 2.75, 2.4, bg, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.25, 2.75, 0.52, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 1.28, 2.55, 0.46, title, 13, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.15, 1.85, 2.45, 1.7, desc, 11, color=DARK_GRAY,
           align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# Key facts right panel
add_rr(slide, 9.45, 1.25, 3.5, 2.4, LIGHT_GRAY, MED_GRAY, 0.5)
add_tb(slide, 9.6, 1.3, 3.2, 0.4, "Key Facts", 13, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
facts = [
    "• Onset: >20 weeks gestation",
    "• Incidence: 3-5% of pregnancies",
    "• Leading cause of maternal mortality",
    "• #1 risk: 1st pregnancy (nulliparity)",
    "• Resolves post-delivery",
    "• Long-term CV & renal risk",
]
add_tb_multi(slide, 9.6, 1.75, 3.2, 1.85, facts, 10.5, color=DARK_GRAY)

# Spectrum bar
add_tb(slide, 0.35, 3.8, 12.6, 0.35, "Disease Spectrum", 13, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
spectrum = [
    ("Gestational HTN", MID_BLUE, WHITE),
    ("Mild Pre-Eclampsia", MID_GREEN, WHITE),
    ("Severe Pre-Eclampsia", ORANGE, WHITE),
    ("Eclampsia", RED_ACCENT, WHITE),
    ("HELLP Syndrome", RGBColor(0x6C,0x35,0x83), WHITE),
]
sw = 2.46
for i, (label, col, tc) in enumerate(spectrum):
    add_rect(slide, 0.35 + i*sw, 4.2, sw-0.05, 0.55, col)
    add_tb(slide, 0.38 + i*sw, 4.25, sw-0.1, 0.45, label, 10.5, bold=True,
           color=tc, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# HELLP note
add_tb(slide, 0.35, 4.85, 12.6, 0.45,
       "HELLP = Hemolytic anemia + Elevated Liver enzymes + Low Platelets  |  Occurs in ~10% of severe pre-eclampsia",
       10.5, color=MED_GRAY, italic=True)

# Ayurveda correlation note
add_rr(slide, 0.35, 5.45, 12.6, 1.3, LIGHT_GREEN, DEEP_GREEN, 1)
add_tb(slide, 0.55, 5.52, 1.8, 0.35, "Ayurveda Correlate:", 11, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN)
add_tb(slide, 0.55, 5.9, 12.1, 0.75,
       "Garbhini Vyapad (pregnancy complications) — Garbhini Shotha (edema), Garbhini Mutragraha (urinary/renal involvement), "
       "Raktadusti (blood vitiation) + Vata-Kapha-Pitta Tridosha imbalance in Artavavaha, Mutravaha, and Raktavaha Srotas",
       10.5, color=DARK_GRAY)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 4 — MODERN PATHOGENESIS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Modern Pathogenesis of Pre-Eclampsia",
           "Defective placentation → angiogenic imbalance → endothelial dysfunction → clinical syndrome", DEEP_BLUE)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Flow chart - 5 steps
steps = [
    ("1", "Abnormal\nPlacentation", "Trophoblast fails to\nremodel spiral arteries.\nVessels remain narrow.", DEEP_BLUE),
    ("2", "Placental\nHypoxia", "Ischemia activates\nHIF-1α, oxidative\nstress, inflammation.", MID_BLUE),
    ("3", "Angiogenic\nImbalance", "↑ sFlt-1, ↑ Endoglin\n↓ VEGF, ↓ PlGF\nAnti-angiogenic state.", RED_ACCENT),
    ("4", "Endothelial\nDysfunction", "↓ Prostacyclin (PGI2)\n↑ Thromboxane A2\nVasospasm, coagulation.", ORANGE),
    ("5", "Clinical\nSyndrome", "Hypertension\nProteinuria, Edema\nHELLP / Eclampsia", DEEP_GREEN),
]

for i, (num, title, desc, col) in enumerate(steps):
    x = 0.35 + i * 2.55
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.35, 2.3, 2.0, LIGHT_BLUE if col != DEEP_GREEN else LIGHT_GREEN, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.35, 2.3, 0.45, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 1.36, 0.4, 0.43, num, 18, bold=True, color=WHITE)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.45, 1.38, 1.75, 0.4, title, 11, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 1.85, 2.1, 1.45, desc, 10, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    # Arrow (not after last)
    if i < 4:
        ln = slide.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT,
            Inches(x+2.3), Inches(2.35), Inches(x+2.55), Inches(2.35))
        ln.line.color.rgb = MED_GRAY
        ln.line.width = Pt(2)

# Consequences panel
add_tb(slide, 0.35, 3.55, 12.6, 0.35, "Downstream Consequences", 13, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
cons = [
    ("Renal", "Glomerular endotheliosis,\nproteinuria, ↓ GFR", LIGHT_BLUE, DEEP_BLUE),
    ("Hepatic", "Periportal necrosis,\nsubcapsular hematoma", LIGHT_BLUE, DEEP_BLUE),
    ("CNS", "Cerebral edema,\nseizures (eclampsia)", RGBColor(0xEA,0xE4,0xF7), RGBColor(0x5B,0x2C,0x8D)),
    ("Placental", "Infarction, IUGR,\nabruption risk", LIGHT_GREEN, DEEP_GREEN),
    ("Hematologic", "HELLP, DIC,\nMicroangiopathy", RGBColor(0xFF,0xEB,0xCC), ORANGE),
]
for i, (organ, text, bg, tc) in enumerate(cons):
    x = 0.35 + i*2.58
    add_rr(slide, x, 3.95, 2.48, 1.2, bg, tc, 1)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 3.98, 2.28, 0.38, organ, 12, bold=True, color=tc, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 4.38, 2.28, 0.7, text, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# Key molecules box
add_rr(slide, 0.35, 5.3, 12.6, 1.4, LIGHT_GRAY, MED_GRAY, 0.5)
add_tb(slide, 0.55, 5.35, 4.0, 0.38, "Key Molecular Players:", 12, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
mol_text = ("sFlt-1 (soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1): anti-angiogenic, binds/neutralises VEGF & PlGF  |  "
            "Endoglin: antagonises TGF-β  |  PlGF: pro-angiogenic (decreased in PE)  |  "
            "Thromboxane A2: vasoconstrictor  |  Prostacyclin (PGI2): vasodilator (decreased)  |  "
            "HIF-1α: hypoxia marker in PE placentas  |  ROS: oxidative stress mediators")
add_tb(slide, 0.55, 5.78, 12.2, 0.85, mol_text, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 5 — AYURVEDIC DOSHA FRAMEWORK
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, CREAM)
header_bar(slide, "Ayurvedic Framework for Pre-Eclampsia",
           "Tridosha Vitiation in Garbhini (Pregnant Woman) | Garbhini Vyapad", DEEP_GREEN)
divider(slide, color=GOLD)
footer(slide)

# Three Dosha boxes
doshas = [
    ("VATA\n(Primary)", "Apana Vata",
     ["• Governs pelvic region,\n  uterine blood flow",
      "• Impairment = defective\n  spiral artery remodeling",
      "• Vasospasm & channel\n  constriction (Sanga)",
      "• Governs Prasava (delivery)"],
     DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("KAPHA\n(Secondary)", "Shleshaka Kapha",
     ["• Governs fluid balance,\n  lubrication of channels",
      "• Vriddhi = Srotorodha\n  (channel obstruction)",
      "• Causes Shotha (edema)\n  and Mutravaha Dushti",
      "• Proteinuria equivalent"],
     MID_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    ("PITTA\n(Tertiary)", "Pachaka + Ranjaka Pitta",
     ["• Governs blood quality\n  and inflammatory heat",
      "• Rakta Dushti = vessel\n  inflammation, atherosis",
      "• Hepatic involvement\n  (Yakrit Vikara - HELLP)",
      "• Visual disturbance\n  (Alochaka Pitta)"],
     RED_ACCENT, RGBColor(0xFF,0xE5,0xE5)),
]

for i, (title, sub, bullets, col, bg) in enumerate(doshas):
    x = 0.35 + i*4.33
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.25, 4.1, 4.9, bg, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.25, 4.1, 0.7, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 1.28, 3.9, 0.38, title, 15, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 1.62, 3.9, 0.28, sub, 11, bold=False,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)
    y_b = 2.05
    for b in bullets:
        add_tb(slide, x+0.2, y_b, 3.7, 0.55, b, 10.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
        y_b += 0.88

# Srotas (channels) affected
add_tb(slide, 0.35, 6.2, 12.6, 0.32, "Affected Srotas (Body Channels):", 12, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN)
srotas = [
    ("Artavavaha\nSrotas", "Uterine/menstrual\nchannels", DEEP_GREEN),
    ("Raktavaha\nSrotas", "Blood-carrying\nchannels", RED_ACCENT),
    ("Mutravaha\nSrotas", "Urinary/renal\nchannels", MID_BLUE),
    ("Rasavaha\nSrotas", "Nutritive fluid\nchannels", MID_GREEN),
    ("Majjavaha\nSrotas", "Nervous system\nchannels", RGBColor(0x5B,0x2C,0x8D)),
]
sw = 2.58
for i, (name, desc, col) in enumerate(srotas):
    x = 0.35 + i*sw
    add_rr(slide, x, 6.55, sw-0.1, 0.55, LIGHT_GRAY, col, 1)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 6.57, (sw-0.2)/2+0.05, 0.4, name, 9, bold=True, color=col)
    add_tb(slide, x+(sw-0.2)/2+0.15, 6.57, (sw-0.2)/2-0.1, 0.4, desc, 8.5, color=MED_GRAY)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 6 — SAMPRAPTI (AYURVEDIC PATHOGENESIS)
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Samprapti: Ayurvedic Pathogenesis of Pre-Eclampsia",
           "Six-stage pathological progression (Shatkriyakala) in Garbhini", DEEP_GREEN)
divider(slide, color=GOLD)
footer(slide)

stages = [
    ("SANCHAYA\n(Accumulation)", "Dietary excess —\nsalt, sour, heavy\nfoods accumulate\ndosha", DEEP_GREEN),
    ("PRAKOPA\n(Aggravation)", "Aggravation of\nVata + Kapha in\npelvis and uterine\nregion", MID_GREEN),
    ("PRASARA\n(Spread)", "Vitiated doshas\nspread via Rasa\nand Rakta Dhatu\ninto circulation", ORANGE),
    ("STHANASAMSHRAYA\n(Localisation)", "Doshas settle in\nGarbhashaya,\nMutravaha, and\nRaktavaha Srotas", RED_ACCENT),
    ("VYAKTI\n(Manifestation)", "Clinical: Shotha\n(edema), Mutrala\ndushti (proteinuria),\nShirashoola (HTN)", DEEP_BLUE),
    ("BHEDA\n(Complication)", "Eclampsia (Apasmara),\nHELLP (Raktapitta),\nFetal compromise,\nMaternal death", RGBColor(0x6C,0x35,0x83)),
]

bw = 2.15
for i, (stage, desc, col) in enumerate(stages):
    x = 0.25 + i*2.15
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.3, bw-0.1, 3.8, LIGHT_GRAY, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.3, bw-0.1, 0.72, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 1.32, bw-0.2, 0.68, stage, 9.5, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 2.1, bw-0.2, 2.9, desc, 10.5, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    # Arrow
    if i < 5:
        ax = x + bw - 0.1
        ln = slide.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT,
            Inches(ax), Inches(3.2), Inches(ax+0.1), Inches(3.2))
        ln.line.color.rgb = col
        ln.line.width = Pt(2)

# Samprapti Ghataka table
add_tb(slide, 0.3, 5.25, 12.7, 0.35, "Samprapti Ghataka (Pathological Components)", 13, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN)

headers = ["Dosha", "Dushya (Tissue)", "Srotas", "Sroto Dusti", "Adhisthana", "Vyaadhiswabhava"]
vals    = ["Vata + Kapha\n+ Pitta", "Rasa, Rakta,\nMeda, Mamsa", "Artava, Rakta,\nMutra, Rasa", "Sanga +\nAtipravrutti", "Garbhashaya\nHridaya, Mutra", "Krichra\nSadhya"]
cw = 2.18
for i, (h, v) in enumerate(zip(headers, vals)):
    x = 0.3 + i*cw
    add_rect(slide, x, 5.65, cw-0.05, 0.38, DEEP_GREEN)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 5.67, cw-0.15, 0.34, h, 10, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_rr(slide, x, 6.05, cw-0.05, 0.65, LIGHT_GREEN, DEEP_GREEN, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 6.08, cw-0.15, 0.59, v, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 7 — MECHANISM COMPARISON (Side-by-Side)
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Mechanism Comparison: Ayurveda vs Modern Medicine",
           "Parallel pathways — remarkably convergent despite independent origins", DARK_GRAY)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Column headers
add_rect(slide, 0.3, 1.2, 4.1, 0.45, DEEP_GREEN)
add_tb(slide, 0.3, 1.22, 4.1, 0.41, "AYURVEDIC CONCEPT", 13, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 4.6, 1.2, 4.1, 0.45, MED_GRAY)
add_tb(slide, 4.6, 1.22, 4.1, 0.41, "BRIDGING CONCEPT", 13, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 9.1, 1.2, 4.1, 0.45, DEEP_BLUE)
add_tb(slide, 9.1, 1.22, 4.1, 0.41, "MODERN EQUIVALENT", 13, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

rows = [
    ("Apana Vata Vikruti\nin Artavavaha Srotas",
     "Impaired directional\nflow in uterine channels",
     "Defective trophoblast\ninvasion of spiral arteries",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Kapha Sanga\n(channel obstruction)",
     "Physical obstruction\nof fluid passages",
     "Endothelial dysfunction,\nSrotorodha → no dilation",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Ama (metabolic toxins)\nin Rasa/Rakta Dhatu",
     "Circulating toxic\nsubstances",
     "sFlt-1, anti-angiogenic\nfactors in circulation",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Vyana Vata +\nRakta Dusti",
     "Vitiated blood under\nhigh circulatory force",
     "Hypertension + endothelial\ninflammation / atherosis",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Kapha Vriddhi +\nRasa Dhatu overflow",
     "Excess fluid accumulation\nin peripheral tissues",
     "Capillary leak syndrome,\ngeneralized edema",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Mutravaha Sroto\nDushti (Kapha obstruction)",
     "Blocked renal channels\n→ protein escape",
     "Glomerular endotheliosis,\nproteinuria",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("Apasmara / Vata-Kapha\nof Majjavaha Srotas",
     "Vata affecting nervous\nsystem channels",
     "Eclampsia — cerebral\nedema and seizures",
     LIGHT_GREEN, LIGHT_GRAY, LIGHT_BLUE),
]

rh = 0.68
for i, (ay, br, mo, bgA, bgB, bgM) in enumerate(rows):
    y = 1.73 + i*rh
    if i % 2 == 0:
        add_rect(slide, 0.3, y, 12.9, rh-0.04, LIGHT_GRAY)
    add_rr(slide, 0.32, y+0.03, 4.05, rh-0.1, bgA, DEEP_GREEN, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, 0.42, y+0.07, 3.85, rh-0.2, ay, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
    add_rr(slide, 4.62, y+0.03, 4.05, rh-0.1, bgB, MED_GRAY, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, 4.72, y+0.07, 3.85, rh-0.2, br, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_rr(slide, 9.12, y+0.03, 4.05, rh-0.1, bgM, DEEP_BLUE, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, 9.22, y+0.07, 3.85, rh-0.2, mo, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
    # connector dots
    add_tb(slide, 4.4, y+0.2, 0.22, 0.3, "↔", 14, color=MED_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, 8.88, y+0.2, 0.22, 0.3, "↔", 14, color=MED_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 8 — MODERN PREVENTION
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Modern Evidence-Based Prevention Strategies",
           "Nutritional, pharmacological, and lifestyle interventions with clinical evidence", DEEP_BLUE)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Four strategy boxes
strats = [
    ("CALCIUM\nSUPPLEMENTATION",
     ["500-1500 mg/day",
      "Halves PE risk in low-intake\npopulations",
      "Prevents spiral artery\nvasoconstriction",
      "Evidence: Meta-analysis\nGunabalasingam 2023\n(PMID 36352102)"],
     DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("VITAMIN D",
     ["600-2000 IU/day",
      "Regulates trophoblast\ninvasion & immune tolerance",
      "Inconsistent evidence —\nneeds large RCTs",
      "Evidence: Systematic review\n(Ushida 2025, PMID 39930022)"],
     MID_BLUE, RGBColor(0xE0,0xF0,0xFF)),
    ("ASPIRIN\n(Low-dose)",
     ["75-150 mg/day",
      "Begin before 16 weeks in\nhigh-risk women",
      "Restores TxA2/PGI2 balance;\nanti-platelet",
      "ACOG & NICE recommended;\nHigh evidence (Level A)"],
     RED_ACCENT, RGBColor(0xFF,0xEB,0xEB)),
    ("DASH DIET\nPATTERN",
     ["High: fruits, vegetables,\nwhole grains, low-fat dairy",
      "35-45% reduced PE risk\nin observational studies",
      "Key nutrients: Ca, Mg, K,\nFiber, antioxidants",
      "Evidence: PMC 2025\nnarrative review"],
     DEEP_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
]

for i, (title, pts, col, bg) in enumerate(strats):
    x = 0.28 + i*3.22
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.25, 3.1, 4.65, bg, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.25, 3.1, 0.65, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 1.28, 2.9, 0.59, title, 11.5, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    y_p = 2.0
    for pt in pts:
        add_tb(slide, x+0.15, y_p, 2.8, 0.72, "• " + pt, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
        y_p += 0.88

# Additional supplements row
add_tb(slide, 0.3, 6.0, 12.7, 0.35, "Additional Supplements Under Investigation (Ushida 2025):", 12, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
supps = ["Magnesium", "L-arginine", "CoQ10", "Lycopene", "Omega-3 DHA", "Folic Acid", "Selenium", "Melatonin"]
sw = 1.6
for i, s in enumerate(supps):
    x = 0.3 + i*sw
    add_rr(slide, x, 6.42, sw-0.07, 0.42, LIGHT_BLUE, DEEP_BLUE, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 6.44, sw-0.17, 0.36, s, 9.5, bold=True,
           color=DEEP_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 9 — GARBHINI PARICHARYA (AYURVEDIC PREVENTION)
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, CREAM)
header_bar(slide, "Ayurvedic Prevention: Garbhini Paricharya",
           "Masanumasika Chikitsa — month-wise regimen from Charaka, Sushruta, Ashtanga Sangraha", DEEP_GREEN)
divider(slide, color=GOLD)
footer(slide)

# Timeline months 1-9
months = [
    ("M1", "Cold milk\n(Sheeta Ksheera)", DEEP_BLUE),
    ("M2", "Sweet liquid\n+ Shatavari milk", MID_GREEN),
    ("M3", "Milk + Ghee\n+ Honey (unequal)", DEEP_BLUE),
    ("M4", "Butter + Rice\n+ Hridya fruits", MID_GREEN),
    ("M5", "Rakta Vardhak\n(Pomegranate, Amla)", RED_ACCENT),
    ("M6", "Gokshura Ghrita\n+ Rice kanji", DEEP_GREEN),
    ("M7", "Ghee +\nRasayana herbs", MID_BLUE),
    ("M8", "Ksheera Yavagu\n(milk-rice-ghee)", ORANGE),
    ("M9", "Light cereals\n+ Basti prep", DEEP_GREEN),
]

mw = 1.4
for i, (m, diet, col) in enumerate(months):
    x = 0.25 + i*1.45
    add_rr(slide, x, 1.3, mw, 1.85, LIGHT_GREEN if i%2==0 else LIGHT_BLUE, col, 1)
    add_rect(slide, x, 1.3, mw, 0.42, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 1.32, mw-0.1, 0.38, m, 14, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, 1.78, mw-0.1, 1.3, diet, 9, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# Three pillars
pillars = [
    ("AAHARA\n(Diet)", 
     ["Sweet, cooling, liquid base\nthroughout pregnancy",
      "Milk + Ghee: Vata-pacifying;\nnourishes Rasa Dhatu",
      "Hridya fruits: heart-nourishing;\nrich in K, lycopene",
      "Rakta Vardhak foods in 5th month:\npomegranate, amla, spinach",
      "Low salt, low sour, no heavy\nfried foods throughout"],
     DEEP_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    ("VIHARA\n(Lifestyle)",
     ["Gentle yoga + Pranayama:\nBhramari, Nadi Shodhana",
      "Avoid: Bhukta Divasvapna\n(day sleep after meals)",
      "Proper night sleep:\nVata-Kapha balance",
      "Anuvasana Basti (medicated enema)\n7th-9th month: Apana Vata",
      "Avoid: Chinta (anxiety),\nAlpa Vyayama (sedentary)"],
     DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    ("AUSHADHA\n(Medicines)",
     ["Preconception: Shatavari,\nAshwagandha Rasayana",
      "Monthly Masanumasika\nAushadha (classical formulations)",
      "Gokshura Siddha Ghrita\n(6th-8th month: anti-edema)",
      "Haridra (turmeric) daily:\ncurcumin antioxidant",
      "All herbs under qualified\nAyurveda physician supervision"],
     ORANGE, RGBColor(0xFF,0xF0,0xCC)),
]

for i, (title, pts, col, bg) in enumerate(pillars):
    x = 0.28 + i*4.35
    add_rr(slide, x, 3.3, 4.22, 3.5, bg, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, x, 3.3, 4.22, 0.55, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, 3.32, 4.02, 0.51, title, 14, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    y_p = 3.93
    for pt in pts:
        add_tb(slide, x+0.15, y_p, 3.9, 0.52, "• " + pt, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
        y_p += 0.56


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 10 — HERBS: AYURVEDIC VS MODERN EVIDENCE
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Key Herbs: Bridging Ayurvedic Action & Modern Evidence",
           "Selected herbs with both classical Ayurvedic indications and emerging scientific validation", DARK_GRAY)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

herbs = [
    ("Shatavari", "Asparagus\nracemosus",
     "Rasayana, Stanya,\nRakta Shodhak,\nGarbhasthapaka",
     "Antioxidant phytochemicals;\nvasculoprotective;\nshown active in PE\nanimal models",
     "All 9 months", DEEP_GREEN),
    ("Gokshura", "Tribulus\nterrestris",
     "Mutral (diuretic),\nVata-Pitta hara,\nShotha hara",
     "Nephroprotective;\ndiuretic; reduces\nproteinuria and\nBP in studies",
     "Months 5-8", MID_BLUE),
    ("Haridra", "Curcuma\nlonga",
     "Pitta-Kapha hara,\nRakta Shodhak,\nAma nashak",
     "Curcumin: reduces\nsFlt-1 elevation;\nanti-inflammatory;\nantioxidant",
     "Months 4-9", ORANGE),
    ("Ashwagandha", "Withania\nsomnifera",
     "Rasayana, Balya,\nVata hara,\nOjas vardhak",
     "Reduces oxidative\nstress; withanolides\nanti-inflammatory;\nstress adaptation",
     "Preconception;\nMonths 6-8", RED_ACCENT),
    ("Punarnava", "Boerhavia\ndiffusa",
     "Shotha hara,\nKapha-Vata hara,\nMutravaha cleaner",
     "Diuretic; reduces\nedema; renal\nprotection;\nBP-lowering",
     "Months 6-8", MID_GREEN),
    ("Manjishtha", "Rubia\ncordifolia",
     "Rakta Shodhak,\nPitta hara,\nAnti-Raktadusti",
     "Anti-inflammatory;\nanti-thrombotic;\npurifies endothelium\nvia antioxidants",
     "Months 2-5", DEEP_BLUE),
]

cols_per_row = 3
hw = 4.3
hh = 2.35
for i, (name, latin, ayurv, modern, timing, col) in enumerate(herbs):
    row = i // cols_per_row
    ci  = i %  cols_per_row
    x = 0.3 + ci * 4.35
    y = 1.3 + row * 2.45
    add_rr(slide, x, y, hw, hh, LIGHT_GRAY, col, 1)
    # Header
    add_rect(slide, x, y, hw, 0.5, col)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.1, y+0.02, hw*0.55, 0.46, name, 13, bold=True, color=WHITE)
    add_tb(slide, x+hw*0.55, y+0.06, hw*0.44, 0.38, latin, 9, color=WHITE, italic=True)
    # Two columns inside
    mid = x + hw/2
    add_rect(slide, x, y+0.5, hw/2, 0.26, LIGHT_GREEN if row==0 else LIGHT_BLUE)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.05, y+0.5, hw/2-0.1, 0.26, "Ayurvedic Action", 8, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN)
    add_rect(slide, mid, y+0.5, hw/2, 0.26, LIGHT_BLUE)
    add_tb(slide, mid+0.05, y+0.5, hw/2-0.1, 0.26, "Modern Evidence", 8, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
    add_tb(slide, x+0.08, y+0.8, hw/2-0.15, 1.45, ayurv, 9, color=DARK_GRAY)
    add_tb(slide, mid+0.08, y+0.8, hw/2-0.15, 1.45, modern, 9, color=DARK_GRAY)
    # Timing tag
    add_rr(slide, x+hw-1.55, y+hh-0.32, 1.5, 0.28, col, col, 0)
    add_tb(slide, x+hw-1.5, y+hh-0.31, 1.45, 0.26, timing, 7.5, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 11 — DIETARY PARALLELS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, CREAM)
header_bar(slide, "Dietary Parallels: Masanumasika Pathya ↔ Modern Evidence",
           "Ancient Ayurvedic dietary prescriptions align with contemporary nutritional science", DARK_GRAY)
divider(slide, color=GOLD)
footer(slide)

# Header row
add_rect(slide, 0.3, 1.25, 4.0, 0.42, DEEP_GREEN)
add_tb(slide, 0.3, 1.27, 4.0, 0.38, "Ayurvedic Prescription", 12, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 4.45, 1.25, 2.5, 0.42, GOLD)
add_tb(slide, 4.45, 1.27, 2.5, 0.38, "Active Component", 12, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 7.1, 1.25, 2.8, 0.42, DEEP_BLUE)
add_tb(slide, 7.1, 1.27, 2.8, 0.38, "Modern Nutrient", 12, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 10.05, 1.25, 3.0, 0.42, RED_ACCENT)
add_tb(slide, 10.05, 1.27, 3.0, 0.38, "PIH-Prevention Role", 12, bold=True,
       color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

parallels = [
    ("Sheeta Ksheera (cold cow's milk)\ndaily throughout pregnancy",
     "Calcium, protein,\nvitamin D, tryptophan",
     "Calcium 1000-1500 mg\n+ Vitamin D 600-2000 IU",
     "Prevents spiral artery\nvasoconstriction; reduces\nPE risk by ~50%"),
    ("Navanita (fresh butter from milk)\nmonths 4-5",
     "Butyrate, fat-soluble\nvitamins A/D/K2",
     "Vitamin D, K2,\nshort-chain fatty acids",
     "Immune tolerance;\nendothelial protection;\ncoagulation balance"),
    ("Ghrita (clarified butter/ghee)\nthroughout pregnancy",
     "Omega-3/6 fatty acids,\nCLA, fat-soluble vitamins",
     "Omega-3 DHA, anti-\ninflammatory fats",
     "Reduces thromboxane/\nPGI2 imbalance; anti-\ninflammatory mechanism"),
    ("Pomegranate, Amla, Guava,\nSpinach (5th month Rakta Vardhak)",
     "Iron, folate, Vit C,\nlycopene, antioxidants",
     "Iron 27 mg + Folate\n+ Lycopene",
     "Prevents anemia;\nsupports angiogenesis;\nreduces sFlt-1 levels"),
    ("Gokshura Siddha Ghrita\n(months 6-8)",
     "Tribulus alkaloids,\nflavonoids, diuretic",
     "Natural diuretic;\nnephroprotective",
     "Reduces edema (Shotha);\nprotects glomerular\nfunction"),
    ("Coconut water, fruit juices\n(Drava Aahara = liquid diet)",
     "Potassium, magnesium,\nnatural electrolytes",
     "Potassium 3500 mg\n+ Magnesium 350 mg",
     "Vasodilation; reduces\nBP; prevents electrolyte\nimbalance"),
]

rh = 0.82
for i, (ay, comp, mod, role) in enumerate(parallels):
    y = 1.72 + i*rh
    bg = LIGHT_GREEN if i%2==0 else WHITE
    add_rect(slide, 0.3, y, 13.0, rh-0.04, bg)
    add_tb(slide, 0.35, y+0.05, 3.9, rh-0.15, ay, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
    add_tb(slide, 4.47, y+0.05, 2.45, rh-0.15, comp, 9.5, color=MED_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, 7.12, y+0.05, 2.75, rh-0.15, mod, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)
    add_tb(slide, 10.07, y+0.05, 2.95, rh-0.15, role, 9.5, color=DARK_GRAY)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 12 — INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT MODEL
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Integrated Management Model",
           "Combining Ayurvedic wisdom with modern evidence for optimal PIH prevention", DARK_GRAY)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Central circle
cx, cy = 6.667, 4.1
add_rr(slide, cx-1.5, cy-0.9, 3.0, 1.8,
       RGBColor(0xFF,0xF5,0xE0), GOLD, 2)
add_tb(slide, cx-1.4, cy-0.65, 2.8, 1.3,
       "OPTIMAL\nPIH PREVENTION\n& HEALTHY\nPREGNANCY",
       10, bold=True, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# Surrounding nodes - alternating Ayurveda / Modern
nodes = [
    (2.5, 1.45, "PRECONCEPTION\nCARE", "Panchakarma shodhana\n+ Rasayana (Shatavari,\nAshwagandha)", DEEP_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    (8.8, 1.45, "NUTRITIONAL\nSUPPLEMENTS", "Calcium 1200-1500 mg\nVitamin D 1000-2000 IU\nFolate 400-800 mcg", DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    (1.0, 3.7, "GARBHINI\nPARICHARYA", "Masanumasika diet\nmonth-by-month\nAushadha + Basti", DEEP_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    (10.3, 3.7, "PHARMACOLOGICAL", "Low-dose aspirin\n75-150 mg/day\n(before 16 wks, high risk)", DEEP_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
    (2.5, 6.0, "YOGA &\nPRANAYAMA", "Bhramari, Nadi Shodhana\nReduce Vata imbalance\nand cortisol/BP", MID_GREEN, LIGHT_GREEN),
    (8.8, 6.0, "MONITORING &\nOBSTETRIC CARE", "BP + urine protein checks\nuterine artery Doppler\ndelivery planning", MID_BLUE, LIGHT_BLUE),
]

for nx, ny, title, desc, col, bg in nodes:
    add_rr(slide, nx-1.35, ny-0.55, 2.7, 1.55, bg, col, 1.5)
    add_rect(slide, nx-1.35, ny-0.55, 2.7, 0.4, col)
    add_tb(slide, nx-1.25, ny-0.53, 2.5, 0.36, title, 9.5, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, nx-1.25, ny-0.08, 2.5, 1.1, desc, 8.5, color=DARK_GRAY, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    # Line to centre
    ln = slide.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT,
         Inches(nx), Inches(ny), Inches(cx), Inches(cy))
    ln.line.color.rgb = col
    ln.line.width = Pt(1)
    ln.line.dash_style = 4  # dashed

# Legend
add_rr(slide, 5.2, 7.0, 1.8, 0.38, LIGHT_GREEN, DEEP_GREEN, 1)
add_tb(slide, 5.22, 7.02, 1.76, 0.34, "Ayurvedic", 10, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rr(slide, 7.1, 7.0, 1.8, 0.38, LIGHT_BLUE, DEEP_BLUE, 1)
add_tb(slide, 7.12, 7.02, 1.76, 0.34, "Modern", 10, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 13 — EVIDENCE STATUS & FUTURE DIRECTIONS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
slide_bg(slide, WHITE)
header_bar(slide, "Evidence Status & Future Research Directions",
           "Current strength of evidence and what needs to be established", DEEP_BLUE)
divider(slide)
footer(slide)

# Evidence traffic light
add_tb(slide, 0.3, 1.3, 12.7, 0.38, "Evidence Strength Summary", 13, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)

ev_items = [
    ("Calcium supplementation\n(1000-1500 mg/day) for PE prevention",
     "STRONG", DEEP_GREEN, "Multiple RCTs + Meta-analysis;\n~50% risk reduction (PMID 36352102)"),
    ("Low-dose aspirin in high-risk women\n(before 16 weeks)",
     "STRONG", DEEP_GREEN, "Level A evidence; ACOG/NICE guidelines;\nNNT = 18 to prevent 1 PE case"),
    ("DASH dietary pattern adherence\nduring pregnancy",
     "MODERATE", ORANGE, "35-45% risk reduction in observational\nstudies; few RCTs (PMC 2025 review)"),
    ("Vitamin D supplementation\n600-2000 IU/day",
     "EMERGING", MID_BLUE, "Inconsistent RCT results;\npromising mechanism (PMID 39930022)"),
    ("Shatavari, Ashwagandha, Gokshura\nin PIH prevention",
     "PRECLINICAL", ORANGE, "Animal models only; human clinical\ntrials very limited (PMC 12637229)"),
    ("Garbhini Paricharya regimen\nfor PIH prevention",
     "TRADITIONAL/\nOBSERVATIONAL", RED_ACCENT, "Classical textual evidence + observational\ndata; no formal RCTs yet"),
]

rh = 0.78
for i, (item, level, col, evidence) in enumerate(ev_items):
    y = 1.75 + i*rh
    add_rr(slide, 0.3, y, 5.8, rh-0.05, LIGHT_GRAY, col, 0.5)
    add_tb(slide, 0.42, y+0.1, 5.55, rh-0.2, item, 10, color=DARK_GRAY)
    add_rr(slide, 6.25, y+0.1, 1.8, rh-0.25, col, col, 0)
    add_tb(slide, 6.27, y+0.12, 1.76, rh-0.3, level, 9, bold=True,
           color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, 8.2, y+0.1, 4.85, rh-0.2, evidence, 9.5, color=MED_GRAY)

# Future directions
add_rr(slide, 0.3, 6.6, 12.7, 0.75, LIGHT_BLUE, DEEP_BLUE, 1)
add_tb(slide, 0.45, 6.63, 2.5, 0.35, "Future Research Needs:", 11, bold=True, color=DEEP_BLUE)
future_text = ("RCTs on Ayurvedic herbal formulations in PIH  |  "
               "Biomarker studies correlating Dosha imbalance with sFlt-1/PlGF ratio  |  "
               "Standardized Garbhini Paricharya protocol validation  |  "
               "Integrative clinical trial combining Gokshura + calcium + aspirin")
add_tb(slide, 0.45, 6.98, 12.4, 0.34, future_text, 9, color=DARK_GRAY)


# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SLIDE 14 — KEY TAKEAWAYS / CONCLUSION
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
slide = prs.slides.add_slide(BLANK)
add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, DEEP_GREEN)
add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 0.18, GOLD)
add_rect(slide, 0, 7.32, 13.333, 0.18, GOLD)

add_tb(slide, 0.5, 0.25, 12.3, 0.65,
       "Key Takeaways & Conclusion", 28, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_rect(slide, 3.5, 0.95, 6.3, 0.05, GOLD)

takeaways = [
    ("01", "Convergent Pathways",
     "Ayurveda and modern medicine describe the same pathological cascade through different frameworks — "
     "Apana Vata Vikruti = spiral artery failure; Kapha Srotorodha = endothelial dysfunction; Ama = anti-angiogenic factors."),
    ("02", "Dietary Wisdom Validated",
     "Classical Masanumasika Pathya prescriptions — milk (calcium), ghee (omega-3), pomegranate/amla (iron + antioxidants), "
     "Gokshura (diuretic/nephroprotective) — align precisely with modern PIH-prevention evidence."),
    ("03", "Evidence Gaps Remain",
     "Ayurvedic herbal interventions show promise in preclinical models but lack large-scale human RCTs. "
     "Calcium and aspirin remain the only interventions with strong Level A clinical evidence."),
    ("04", "Integrated Care is the Future",
     "Combining Garbhini Paricharya (preconception to delivery), modern supplementation (calcium, Vit D, aspirin), "
     "DASH diet principles, and regular obstetric monitoring offers the most holistic approach to PIH prevention."),
    ("05", "Safety First",
     "All Ayurvedic herbs in pregnancy must be supervised by a qualified Vaidya/BAMS physician. "
     "Modern obstetric management (BP monitoring, MgSO4, timely delivery) remains non-negotiable in established PE."),
]

for i, (num, title, body) in enumerate(takeaways):
    y = 1.15 + i*1.2
    add_rr(slide, 0.5, y, 12.3, 1.1, RGBColor(0x1F,0x6B,0x44), GOLD, 0.5)
    add_rect(slide, 0.5, y, 0.72, 1.1, GOLD)
    add_tb(slide, 0.52, y+0.28, 0.68, 0.54, num, 18, bold=True, color=DEEP_GREEN, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_tb(slide, 1.3, y+0.07, 3.0, 0.42, title, 12, bold=True, color=GOLD)
    add_tb(slide, 1.3, y+0.5, 11.1, 0.56, body, 9.5, color=RGBColor(0xE0,0xFF,0xE8))

add_tb(slide, 0.5, 7.1, 12.3, 0.3,
       "Sources: Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Robbins Pathology | PMID 36352102 | PMID 39930022 | PMC 12637229 | IJAPR 2616",
       8, color=LIGHT_GREEN, italic=True, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# ─── SAVE ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
out_path = "/tmp/workspace/preeclampsia-ppt/Ayurveda_vs_Modern_PreEclampsia_Prevention.pptx"
buf = BytesIO()
prs.save(buf)
with open(out_path, "wb") as f:
    f.write(buf.getvalue())
print(f"Saved: {out_path}")
print(f"Slides: {len(prs.slides)}")
Running Command

cd /tmp/workspace/preeclampsia-ppt && python build_ppt.py 2>&1

Running Command

ls -lh /tmp/workspace/preeclampsia-ppt/Ayurveda_vs_Modern_PreEclampsia_Prevention.pptx

Your presentation is ready for download:

Ayurveda vs Modern PreEclampsia Prevention

Presentation · PPTX


Presentation Overview — 14 slides, 16:9 widescreen, dual-theme design (forest green for Ayurveda, navy blue for Modern)
#SlideHighlights
1Title SlideSplit green-blue background, gold accents
2Agenda8 numbered topic boxes in alternating green/blue
3Pre-Eclampsia OverviewClinical triad boxes + disease spectrum bar + Ayurveda correlate note
4Modern Pathogenesis5-step flow (spiral artery → sFlt-1 → HTN/proteinuria) + 5 organ consequence panels + molecular player summary
5Ayurvedic Dosha FrameworkVata/Kapha/Pitta 3-column analysis + 5 Srotas affected
6Samprapti (Ayurvedic Pathogenesis)Full 6-stage Shatkriyakala flow + Samprapti Ghataka table
7Mechanism Comparison7-row parallel table: Ayurvedic concept ↔ Bridging concept ↔ Modern equivalent
8Modern Prevention4 strategy boxes (Calcium, Vitamin D, Aspirin, DASH) with PMID citations + supplement grid
9Garbhini ParicharyaMonth 1-9 timeline + 3 pillars (Aahara, Vihara, Aushadha)
10Herbs: Evidence Bridge6 herbs in split Ayurvedic action / Modern evidence cards with timing tags
11Dietary Parallels6-row table mapping Masanumasika foods to modern nutrients and PIH mechanisms
12Integrated ModelRadial diagram with 6 surrounding nodes connecting to central PIH prevention goal
13Evidence StatusTraffic-light evidence table + future research directions
14Key Takeaways5 numbered conclusions on dark green with gold accents + source citations
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