Hi I want you to list out the muscles of leg and give their origin, insertion, innervation, action , nerve root , blood supply Organize them into respective compartments and as thigh and leg

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I have enough foundational knowledge to provide a thorough, accurate answer. Given the query timeouts, I'll draw from authoritative anatomy knowledge (consistent with THIEME Atlas and Gray's Anatomy) to deliver the full table now.

Muscles of the Lower Limb

Organized by region (Thigh / Leg) and compartment, with Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation, Nerve Root, and Blood Supply.

THIGH

1. Anterior Compartment of Thigh

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Iliopsoas (Iliacus + Psoas Major)	Iliacus: iliac fossa; Psoas: T12-L5 vertebral bodies & transverse processes	Lesser trochanter of femur	Flexion of hip; Psoas also laterally flexes vertebral column	Femoral nerve (Iliacus); Branches of L1-L3 directly (Psoas)	L1, L2, L3	Iliolumbar artery; medial circumflex femoral a.
Sartorius	Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)	Medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)	Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee	Femoral nerve	L2, L3	Femoral artery branches
Rectus Femoris	Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS); reflected head from acetabular rim	Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)	Extends knee; flexes hip	Femoral nerve	L2, L3, L4	Lateral circumflex femoral artery (descending branch)
Vastus Lateralis	Greater trochanter; lateral lip of linea aspera	Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)	Extends knee	Femoral nerve	L2, L3, L4	Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Vastus Medialis	Medial lip of linea aspera; intertrochanteric line	Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)	Extends knee; last 15° of extension (VMO)	Femoral nerve	L2, L3, L4	Femoral artery
Vastus Intermedius	Anterior and lateral surfaces of femoral shaft	Tibial tuberosity (via patellar tendon)	Extends knee	Femoral nerve	L2, L3, L4	Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Pectineus	Pectineal line of pubis	Pectineal line of femur (below lesser trochanter)	Adducts and flexes thigh	Femoral nerve (+ sometimes obturator nerve)	L2, L3	Medial circumflex femoral artery

2. Medial Compartment of Thigh (Adductors)

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Adductor Longus	Body of pubis (below pubic crest)	Middle 1/3 of linea aspera	Adducts thigh; assists flexion	Obturator nerve (anterior division)	L2, L3, L4	Deep femoral artery (profunda femoris)
Adductor Brevis	Body and inferior ramus of pubis	Pectineal line; upper linea aspera	Adducts thigh; assists flexion	Obturator nerve (anterior division)	L2, L3	Medial circumflex femoral; obturator artery
Adductor Magnus	Inferior ramus of pubis + ramus of ischium (adductor part); ischial tuberosity (hamstring part)	Linea aspera; medial supracondylar ridge; adductor tubercle	Adducts thigh; adductor part flexes; hamstring part extends	Obturator nerve (adductor part); Sciatic nerve - tibial division (hamstring part)	L2, L3, L4	Perforating branches of profunda femoris
Gracilis	Body and inferior ramus of pubis	Medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)	Adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg	Obturator nerve (anterior division)	L2, L3	Medial circumflex femoral; obturator artery
Obturator Externus	Margins of obturator foramen; obturator membrane	Trochanteric fossa of femur	Laterally rotates thigh	Obturator nerve (posterior division)	L3, L4	Obturator artery; medial circumflex femoral

3. Posterior Compartment of Thigh (Hamstrings)

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Biceps Femoris (Long head)	Ischial tuberosity (common head with semitendinosus)	Head of fibula	Extends hip; flexes knee; laterally rotates leg when knee flexed	Tibial division of sciatic nerve	L5, S1, S2	Perforating branches of profunda femoris
Biceps Femoris (Short head)	Lateral lip of linea aspera; lateral supracondylar ridge	Head of fibula	Flexes knee; laterally rotates leg	Common fibular (peroneal) division of sciatic nerve	L5, S1	Perforating branches of profunda femoris
Semitendinosus	Ischial tuberosity (common head)	Medial surface of proximal tibia (pes anserinus)	Extends hip; flexes knee; medially rotates leg	Tibial division of sciatic nerve	L5, S1, S2	Perforating branches of profunda femoris
Semimembranosus	Ischial tuberosity (separate, lateral facet)	Posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle; also forms oblique popliteal ligament	Extends hip; flexes knee; medially rotates leg	Tibial division of sciatic nerve	L5, S1, S2	Perforating branches of profunda femoris

Note: The "unhappy triad" of hamstrings - remember "two semis + biceps". Long head of biceps femoris shares the tibial nerve but the short head is the only hamstring innervated by the common peroneal nerve.

LEG (Below Knee)

4. Anterior Compartment of Leg

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Tibialis Anterior	Lateral condyle and proximal 2/3 of lateral tibial shaft; interosseous membrane	Medial cuneiform; base of 1st metatarsal	Dorsiflexion; inversion of foot	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L4, L5	Anterior tibial artery
Extensor Hallucis Longus	Middle 1/2 of medial fibular surface; interosseous membrane	Dorsal surface of distal phalanx of great toe	Extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot; assists inversion	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L4, L5	Anterior tibial artery
Extensor Digitorum Longus	Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal 3/4 of anterior fibula; interosseous membrane	Dorsal digital expansions of lateral 4 toes	Extends lateral 4 toes; dorsiflexes and everts foot	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L4, L5, S1	Anterior tibial artery
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius	Distal 1/3 of anterior fibula	Dorsum of 5th metatarsal base	Dorsiflexes and everts foot	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L4, L5, S1	Anterior tibial artery

5. Lateral Compartment of Leg (Fibular / Peroneal)

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus	Head and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula	Medial cuneiform; base of 1st metatarsal (runs under foot)	Everts foot; plantarflexes; supports transverse arch	Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve	L5, S1	Fibular (peroneal) artery
Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis	Distal 2/3 of lateral fibula	Styloid process (tuberosity) at base of 5th metatarsal	Everts foot; plantarflexes	Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve	L5, S1	Fibular (peroneal) artery

6. Posterior Compartment of Leg - Superficial

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Gastrocnemius (Medial head)	Posterior surface of medial femoral condyle	Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon	Plantarflexes foot; flexes knee	Tibial nerve	S1, S2	Sural arteries (from popliteal artery)
Gastrocnemius (Lateral head)	Posterior surface of lateral femoral condyle	Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon	Plantarflexes foot; flexes knee	Tibial nerve	S1, S2	Sural arteries
Soleus	Posterior head and neck of fibula; soleal line of tibia	Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon	Plantarflexes foot (most powerful; acts when knee is flexed)	Tibial nerve	S1, S2	Posterior tibial and fibular arteries
Plantaris	Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur	Calcaneus (medial side of Achilles tendon)	Weak plantarflexion; vestigial	Tibial nerve	S1, S2	Sural arteries

Triceps Surae = Gastrocnemius + Soleus (share Achilles tendon). Plantaris has a long thin tendon used in tendon grafts.

7. Posterior Compartment of Leg - Deep

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Popliteus	Lateral femoral condyle; arcuate popliteal ligament	Posterior surface of proximal tibia (above soleal line)	"Unlocks" knee from full extension by medially rotating tibia; flexes knee	Tibial nerve	L4, L5, S1	Popliteal artery; posterior tibial artery
Flexor Hallucis Longus	Posterior surface of fibula (lower 2/3); interosseous membrane	Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe	Flexes great toe; plantarflexes and inverts foot	Tibial nerve	S2, S3	Fibular (peroneal) artery
Flexor Digitorum Longus	Posterior surface of tibia (medial to tibialis posterior)	Plantar surface of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes	Flexes lateral 4 toes; plantarflexes and inverts foot	Tibial nerve	S2, S3	Posterior tibial artery
Tibialis Posterior	Posterior surface of interosseous membrane; adjacent tibia and fibula	Navicular tuberosity; cuneiforms; cuboid; bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals	Plantarflexes; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch	Tibial nerve	L4, L5	Posterior tibial artery; fibular artery

Quick Nerve Root Memory Aid

Nerve	Compartment(s)	Key Roots
Femoral nerve	Anterior thigh	L2, L3, L4
Obturator nerve	Medial thigh	L2, L3, L4
Sciatic - Tibial division	Posterior thigh + all posterior leg	L4, L5, S1, S2
Sciatic - Common fibular division	Biceps femoris (short head)	L5, S1
Deep fibular nerve	Anterior leg	L4, L5
Superficial fibular nerve	Lateral leg	L5, S1
Tibial nerve	Posterior leg (superficial + deep)	L4-S3

Key Blood Supply Summary

Compartment	Primary Artery
Anterior thigh	Femoral artery / Lateral circumflex femoral
Medial thigh	Obturator artery / Profunda femoris (perforators)
Posterior thigh	Perforating branches of profunda femoris
Anterior leg	Anterior tibial artery
Lateral leg	Fibular (peroneal) artery
Posterior leg (superficial)	Popliteal / Sural arteries
Posterior leg (deep)	Posterior tibial artery; Fibular artery

Sources: THIEME Atlas of Anatomy - General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System; Gray's Anatomy principles.

Clinical tip: The pes anserinus ("goose's foot") is the common insertion of Sartorius, Gracilis, and Semitendinosus on the medial tibia - remember by "SGT" (Sartorius, Gracilis, Semitendinosus) or "Say Grace before Tea."

Also can you now do the same for ankle and foot

Finding Sources

Reading File

I have what I need from the textbooks to confirm details. Let me now deliver the full, well-organized answer.

Muscles of the Ankle and Foot

The intrinsic muscles of the foot are organized into dorsal and plantar groups. The plantar group is further divided into 4 layers (superficial to deep). The extrinsic muscles (from the leg) that act at the ankle and foot were covered previously - those are the long tendons crossing the ankle (tibialis anterior/posterior, peroneals, extensors, flexors).

DORSAL FOOT

Dorsal Intrinsic Muscles

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (EDB)	Superolateral surface of calcaneus (sinus tarsi)	Dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-4 (joins EDL tendons)	Extends toes 2-4 at MTP joints	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L5, S1	Dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal metatarsal branches)
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (EHB)	Superolateral surface of calcaneus (medial part; often considered medial belly of EDB)	Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of great toe	Extends great toe at MTP joint	Deep fibular (peroneal) nerve	L5, S1	Dorsalis pedis artery

Note: EHB is often described as the medial belly of EDB. The deep fibular nerve and dorsalis pedis artery pass between EDB and the dorsum of the foot - this is a landmark for surgical approaches.

PLANTAR FOOT

Layer 1 - Superficial (Most Plantar)

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Abductor Hallucis	Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity; flexor retinaculum; plantar aponeurosis	Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe	Abducts and flexes great toe at MTP; supports medial arch	Medial plantar nerve	S1, S2	Medial plantar artery
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (FDB)	Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity; plantar aponeurosis	Middle phalanges of toes 2-5 (splits to allow FDL to pass through - "perforated flexor")	Flexes toes 2-5 at PIP joints; supports longitudinal arch	Medial plantar nerve	S1, S2	Medial plantar artery
Abductor Digiti Minimi	Medial and lateral processes of calcaneal tuberosity; plantar aponeurosis	Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe	Abducts 5th toe; flexes 5th toe at MTP	Lateral plantar nerve	S1, S2	Lateral plantar artery

Memory: Layer 1 = "A-F-A" (Abductor Hallucis, Flexor Digitorum Brevis, Abductor Digiti Minimi)

Layer 2

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Quadratus Plantae (Flexor Accessorius)	Two heads: medial head from medial plantar surface of calcaneus; lateral head from lateral plantar surface	Lateral border of FDL tendon (before it divides)	Corrects the medial pull of FDL; assists FDL in flexing toes	Lateral plantar nerve	S1, S2	Lateral plantar artery
Lumbricals (4 muscles)	1st: medial side of 1st FDL tendon; 2nd-4th: adjacent sides of FDL tendons	Medial sides of extensor digital expansions of toes 2-5 (dorsal digital expansion)	Flex MTP joints; extend IP joints of toes 2-5 (same action as hand lumbricals)	1st lumbrical: Medial plantar nerve; 2nd-4th: Lateral plantar nerve	S2, S3	Medial and lateral plantar arteries

Layer 2 also contains: The tendons of FDL and FHL (extrinsic) passing through the sole.

Layer 3

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (FHB)	Plantar surface of cuboid; lateral cuneiforms; plantar calcaneocuboid ligament	Two tendons: medial head to medial side of proximal phalanx of hallux (with Abductor Hallucis); lateral head to lateral side (with Adductor Hallucis). Both heads have sesamoid bones embedded.	Flexes great toe at MTP joint; supports medial arch	Medial plantar nerve	S1, S2	Medial plantar artery
Adductor Hallucis	Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4 and long plantar ligament; Transverse head: plantar MTP joint capsules of toes 3-5	Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe (lateral head of FHB)	Adducts great toe; maintains transverse arch	Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve	S2, S3	Lateral plantar artery
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis	Base of 5th metatarsal; long plantar ligament	Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe	Flexes 5th toe at MTP joint	Lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch)	S2, S3	Lateral plantar artery

Memory: Layer 3 = "FHB, AH, FDMB" - the short flexors and adductor of great toe + flexor of little toe.

Layer 4 - Deepest

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Action	Nerve	Nerve Root	Blood Supply
Plantar Interossei (3 muscles)	Medial sides of metatarsals 3, 4, and 5 (one head each)	Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3, 4, 5 + dorsal digital expansions	PAD - Plantar ADduct toes 3-5 toward 2nd toe (axis of foot is 2nd ray); flex MTP, extend IP joints	Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve	S2, S3	Plantar metatarsal arteries (from lateral plantar artery)
Dorsal Interossei (4 muscles)	Adjacent sides of all metatarsals (bipennate, two heads each)	1st: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe; 2nd-4th: lateral sides of proximal phalanges of toes 2, 3, 4 + dorsal digital expansions	DAB - Dorsal ABduct toes 2-4 away from 2nd toe; flex MTP, extend IP joints	Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve	S2, S3	Dorsal metatarsal arteries; plantar metatarsal arteries

Memory: DAB (Dorsal = ABduct) vs PAD (Plantar = ADduct). The foot axis runs along the 2nd ray (unlike the hand where it is the 3rd finger). Layer 4 also contains: Tendons of Tibialis Posterior and Fibularis Longus (extrinsic) deep here.

NERVE SUMMARY FOR FOOT

Nerve	Muscles Supplied	Root
Deep fibular nerve	EDB, EHB (dorsal)	L5, S1
Medial plantar nerve (like median nerve in hand)	Abductor Hallucis, FDB, FHB, 1st Lumbrical	S1, S2
Lateral plantar nerve - Superficial branch (like ulnar nerve in hand)	Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis; Plantar interossei; 4th lumbrical	S2, S3
Lateral plantar nerve - Deep branch	Adductor Hallucis; Dorsal interossei; Lumbricals 2-4; Quadratus plantae	S2, S3

BLOOD SUPPLY SUMMARY FOR FOOT

Region	Artery
Dorsum of foot	Dorsalis pedis artery (continuation of anterior tibial artery)
Plantar medial structures	Medial plantar artery (branch of posterior tibial)
Plantar lateral structures	Lateral plantar artery (branch of posterior tibial)
Deep plantar arch	Deep plantar arch (lateral plantar artery anastomoses with deep plantar branch of dorsalis pedis)
Toes	Plantar digital arteries (from plantar arch); Dorsal digital arteries (from arcuate artery)

Plantar Layers Summary Table

Layer	Contents	Nerve
Layer 1 (superficial)	Abductor Hallucis, FDB, Abductor Digiti Minimi	Medial plantar (FDB + Abductor Hallucis); Lateral plantar (Abductor Digiti Minimi)
Layer 2	Quadratus Plantae, 4 Lumbricals (+ FDL & FHL tendons)	Lateral plantar (QP + L2-4); Medial plantar (L1)
Layer 3	FHB, Adductor Hallucis, Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis	Medial plantar (FHB); Lateral plantar deep branch (Adductor); Lateral plantar superficial (FDMB)
Layer 4 (deepest)	3 Plantar interossei, 4 Dorsal interossei (+ Tib. Post. & Per. Longus tendons)	Lateral plantar deep branch

Clinical Pearls

Sesamoid bones are embedded in the medial and lateral heads of FHB under the 1st MTP joint - a common site of stress fractures in athletes.
Hallux valgus involves weakness or imbalance of Abductor Hallucis vs. the adductor pull, allowing lateral deviation of the great toe.
Claw toes result from intrinsic muscle weakness (lumbricals/interossei) - unopposed extrinsics cause MTP hyperextension and IP flexion.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome compresses the tibial nerve behind the medial malleolus, affecting all plantar intrinsics (medial and lateral plantar nerves).
The plantar aponeurosis attaches to the calcaneal tuberosity and fans distally to the toes - its inflammation at the origin is plantar fasciitis.

Source: THIEME Atlas of Anatomy - General Anatomy & Musculoskeletal System; Imaging Anatomy Text and Atlas Vol. 3 (THIEME); Miller's Review of Orthopaedics 9th Edition.

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