aquatic ecosystems environmental studies overview types components threats conservation EPA

aquatic ecosystems environmental studies freshwater marine wetlands threats conservation authoritative sources

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https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/freshwat…

mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/src" "/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output" && python - <<'PY' from pathlib import Path p=Path('/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/src/create_deck.py') p.write_text(r'''from pptx import Presentation from pptx.util import Inches, Pt from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE, MSO_CONNECTOR from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor from pptx.enum.dml import MSO_THEME_COLOR W,H=13.333,7.5 prs=Presentation(); prs.slide_width=Inches(W); prs.slide_height=Inches(H) blank=prs.slide_layouts[6] NAVY=RGBColor(8,45,72); BLUE=RGBColor(22,122,170); TEAL=RGBColor(25,157,151); AQUA=RGBColor(203,241,241); PALE=RGBColor(241,249,251); GREEN=RGBColor(55,132,91); ORANGE=RGBColor(240,146,55); RED=RGBColor(202,78,70); DARK=RGBColor(25,45,58); GREY=RGBColor(92,110,121); WHITE=RGBColor(255,255,255) def rect(s,x,y,w,h,fill,rad=False,line=None): sh=s.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE if rad else MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)) sh.fill.solid(); sh.fill.fore_color.rgb=fill sh.line.color.rgb=line or fill return sh def text(s,x,y,w,h,txt,size=18,color=DARK,bold=False,align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, valign=MSO_ANCHOR.TOP): box=s.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)); tf=box.text_frame; tf.clear(); tf.word_wrap=True tf.margin_left=tf.margin_right=Inches(.04); tf.margin_top=tf.margin_bottom=Inches(.02); tf.vertical_anchor=valign for i,line in enumerate(txt.split('\n')): p=tf.paragraphs[0] if i==0 else tf.add_paragraph(); p.text=line; p.alignment=align; p.space_after=Pt(3) for r in p.runs: r.font.name='Aptos'; r.font.size=Pt(size); r.font.bold=bold; r.font.color.rgb=color return box def title(s,ttl,sub=None,n=0): rect(s,0,0,W,.48,NAVY); rect(s,0,.48,W,.09,TEAL) text(s,.55,.76,11.9,.45,ttl,27,NAVY,True) if sub: text(s,.57,1.24,11.8,.3,sub,11,GREY) text(s,12.2,.78,.55,.25,f'{n:02d}',11,TEAL,True,PP_ALIGN.RIGHT) def footer(s,src='Environmental Studies | Aquatic Ecosystems'): text(s,.55,7.12,11.9,.18,src,8,GREY) def bullet(s,x,y,w,items,size=17): yy=y for item in items: text(s,x,yy,.22,.28,'•',size,TEAL,True) text(s,x+.27,yy,w-.27,.5,item,size,DARK) yy+=.63 def circle(s,x,y,d,fill,label,fs=14): sh=s.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.OVAL, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(d), Inches(d)); sh.fill.solid(); sh.fill.fore_color.rgb=fill; sh.line.color.rgb=WHITE text(s,x+.06,y+.12,d-.12,d-.22,label,fs,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER,MSO_ANCHOR.MIDDLE) def arrow(s,x1,y1,x2,y2,color=BLUE): ln=s.shapes.add_connector(MSO_CONNECTOR.STRAIGHT, Inches(x1),Inches(y1),Inches(x2),Inches(y2)); ln.line.color.rgb=color; ln.line.width=Pt(2); ln.line.end_arrowhead=True def add_notes(slide, content): try: tf=slide.notes_slide.notes_text_frame tf.text=content except Exception: pass def add_slide(ttl,sub=''): s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); title(s,ttl,sub,len(prs.slides)); footer(s); return s # 1 s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); rect(s,0,0,W,H,NAVY); rect(s,0,5.3,W,2.2,BLUE); for x,y,d,c,l in [(9.7,.7,1.2,TEAL,'Water'),(11,.95,.72,AQUA,'Life'),(10.35,2.05,.95,GREEN,'Food')]: circle(s,x,y,d,c,l,11) arrow(s,10.75,1.55,11.25,1.42,AQUA); arrow(s,11.2,1.75,10.8,2.1,AQUA); arrow(s,10.25,2.05,10.1,1.75,AQUA) text(s,.7,1.1,8.6,1.4,'AQUATIC\nECOSYSTEMS',38,WHITE,True) text(s,.74,2.75,7.8,.45,'Detailed presentation for Environmental Studies',19,RGBColor(204,231,242)) text(s,.75,6.05,8.5,.5,'Freshwater • Marine • Estuarine • Wetland systems',20,WHITE,True) text(s,.75,6.65,7,.25,'Prepared for classroom learning and revision',11,RGBColor(214,239,246)) add_notes(s,'Introduce aquatic ecosystems as water-based systems where organisms and physical conditions interact.') #2 s=add_slide('Learning objectives','By the end, learners should be able to describe, compare, analyse and protect aquatic ecosystems.') items=['Define aquatic ecosystems and identify their living and non-living components.','Compare freshwater, marine, estuarine and wetland habitats.','Explain energy flow, food webs and nutrient cycling in water bodies.','Assess human pressures, their ecological effects and practical conservation responses.'] for i,it in enumerate(items): y=1.85+i*1.08; rect(s,.75,y,11.7,.78,PALE,True); circle(s,.95,y+.14,.48,[BLUE,TEAL,GREEN,ORANGE][i],str(i+1),13); text(s,1.65,y+.18,10.2,.4,it,17,DARK) #3 s=add_slide('What is an aquatic ecosystem?','A functional unit in which organisms interact with water and the physical environment.') rect(s,.7,1.75,4.0,3.95,PALE,True); text(s,1.05,2.05,3.3,.5,'Core idea',22,NAVY,True); text(s,1.05,2.7,3.25,2.25,'Living communities interact with physical and chemical conditions. Energy moves through feeding relationships; nutrients are recycled.',19,DARK) for x,y,d,c,l in [(6.2,1.9,1.45,BLUE,'Water\nmedium'),(8.7,1.9,1.45,GREEN,'Biota'),(7.45,4.1,1.45,ORANGE,'Abiotic\nfactors')]: circle(s,x,y,d,c,l,14) arrow(s,7.65,2.62,8.65,2.62); arrow(s,8.95,3.35,8.15,4.1); arrow(s,7.38,4.1,6.85,3.35) text(s,5.5,5.8,6.9,.45,'Ecosystem function = interactions + energy flow + nutrient cycling',16,TEAL,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) #4 s=add_slide('Classification of aquatic ecosystems','Salinity, water movement, depth, light and connection to land help define habitat types.') cols=[('Freshwater','Low salinity\nPonds, lakes, rivers, streams',BLUE),('Marine','High salinity\nOceans, seas, reefs',TEAL),('Estuarine','Mixing zone\nEstuaries, lagoons, deltas',GREEN),('Wetlands','Waterlogged soils\nMarshes, swamps, bogs',ORANGE)] for i,(h,b,c) in enumerate(cols): x=.6+i*3.15; rect(s,x,1.85,2.75,3.55,PALE,True); rect(s,x,1.85,2.75,.65,c,True); text(s,x+.15,2.0,2.45,.3,h,18,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER); text(s,x+.25,2.85,2.25,1.1,b,16,DARK,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER); circle(s,x+.9,4.2,.85,c,'H₂O',14) text(s,.75,5.9,11.6,.55,'All types are connected through watersheds, rainfall, rivers, groundwater and ocean currents.',18,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) #5 s=add_slide('Abiotic factors shape life in water','Organisms are adapted to the physical and chemical conditions of their habitat.') facts=[('Light','Controls photosynthesis; declines with depth.'),('Temperature','Affects metabolism, oxygen solubility and distribution.'),('Dissolved oxygen','Needed for respiration; low levels cause stress or death.'),('Salinity','Determines osmoregulation and species tolerance.'),('Nutrients & pH','Influence productivity, growth and water chemistry.'),('Flow & substrate','Control habitat structure, feeding and reproduction.')] for i,(h,b) in enumerate(facts): x=.65+(i%3)*4.15; y=1.75+(i//3)*2.1; rect(s,x,y,3.7,1.55,PALE,True); text(s,x+.2,y+.2,3.2,.3,h,18,[BLUE,TEAL,GREEN,ORANGE,RED,NAVY][i],True); text(s,x+.2,y+.68,3.25,.56,b,13,DARK) #6 s=add_slide('Biotic components and trophic roles','Every species has a role in capturing energy, transferring it or recycling matter.') roles=[('Producers','Algae, phytoplankton, aquatic plants\nConvert sunlight into biomass',GREEN),('Consumers','Zooplankton, fish, birds, mammals\nObtain energy by feeding',BLUE),('Decomposers','Bacteria and fungi\nBreak down wastes and dead matter',ORANGE)] for i,(h,b,c) in enumerate(roles): x=.75+i*4.1; rect(s,x,1.85,3.55,3.1,PALE,True); circle(s,x+1.25,2.15,1.0,c,str(i+1),21); text(s,x+.2,3.35,3.15,.35,h,19,c,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER); text(s,x+.35,3.85,2.85,.75,b,14,DARK,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.8,5.65,11.6,.55,'Decomposers close the loop by returning nutrients to water and sediments.',18,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) #7 s=add_slide('Energy flow and an aquatic food web','Energy decreases at each trophic transfer, while matter is recycled.') chain=[('Sunlight',ORANGE),('Phytoplankton',GREEN),('Zooplankton',TEAL),('Small fish',BLUE),('Large fish',NAVY),('Bird / human',RED)] for i,(lab,c) in enumerate(chain): x=.45+i*2.12; rect(s,x,2.35,1.72,.9,c,True); text(s,x+.08,2.58,1.56,.28,lab,13,WHITE,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) if i<5: arrow(s,x+1.75,2.8,x+2.08,2.8,TEAL) rect(s,3.7,4.35,5.9,.72,PALE,True); text(s,3.9,4.58,5.5,.25,'Dead matter → decomposers → nutrients → producers',16,DARK,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) arrow(s,6.65,3.35,6.65,4.28,ORANGE) text(s,.9,5.75,11.3,.55,'Food webs are more realistic than single chains because species usually have multiple food links.',17,NAVY,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) #8 s=add_slide('Freshwater ecosystems','Freshwater habitats contain very low concentrations of dissolved salts.') rows=[('Lentic: still water','Ponds and lakes. Zonation commonly includes littoral, open-water and deep-water areas.'),('Lotic: flowing water','Streams and rivers. Current, channel form and oxygen availability are important.'),('Wetlands','Marshes and swamps. They store water, filter pollutants and provide nursery habitat.')] for i,(h,b) in enumerate(rows): y=1.7+i*1.45; rect(s,.7,y,11.85,1.08,PALE,True); rect(s,.7,y,.2,1.08,[BLUE,TEAL,GREEN][i]); text(s,1.1,y+.16,2.4,.28,h,17,NAVY,True); text(s,3.65,y+.13,8.3,.6,b,15,DARK) #9 s=add_slide('Marine and coastal ecosystems','Saltwater systems cover most of Earth and include highly productive coastal habitats.') items=[('Ocean zones','Intertidal, neritic and open ocean zones differ in depth, light and productivity.'),('Coral reefs','Complex structures that shelter diverse organisms but are sensitive to warming and pollution.'),('Mangroves & seagrass','Coastal habitats that stabilize sediments, support nurseries and store carbon.'),('Estuaries','Freshwater and seawater mix; nutrient-rich but vulnerable to runoff and development.')] for i,(h,b) in enumerate(items): x=.7+(i%2)*6.1; y=1.7+(i//2)*2.15; rect(s,x,y,5.65,1.65,PALE,True); text(s,x+.25,y+.18,5.0,.3,h,18,[TEAL,ORANGE,GREEN,BLUE][i],True); text(s,x+.25,y+.68,5.0,.65,b,14,DARK) #10 s=add_slide('Ecological services to people','Healthy aquatic ecosystems support both nature and human well-being.') serv=[('Provisioning','Fish, freshwater, raw materials',BLUE),('Regulating','Flood control, water filtration, climate regulation',TEAL),('Supporting','Nutrient cycling, soil formation, habitat',GREEN),('Cultural','Recreation, tourism, education, spiritual value',ORANGE)] for i,(h,b,c) in enumerate(serv): x=.75+(i%2)*6.15; y=1.75+(i//2)*2.05; rect(s,x,y,5.65,1.5,PALE,True); circle(s,x+.3,y+.32,.78,c,'+',21); text(s,x+1.3,y+.25,3.9,.3,h,18,c,True); text(s,x+1.3,y+.73,4.0,.38,b,14,DARK) #11 s=add_slide('Major human pressures','Multiple pressures often act together and reduce ecosystem resilience.') press=[('Pollution','Sewage, chemicals, oil and plastics'),('Nutrient loading','Fertiliser and wastewater inputs'),('Habitat loss','Wetland drainage, dams, coastal development'),('Overexploitation','Overfishing and destructive harvest'),('Invasive species','Competition, predation and disease'),('Climate change','Warming, altered rainfall, sea-level rise, acidification')] for i,(h,b) in enumerate(press): x=.62+(i%3)*4.22; y=1.7+(i//3)*2.05; rect(s,x,y,3.75,1.45,PALE,True); rect(s,x,y,3.75,.11,[RED,ORANGE,BLUE,TEAL,GREEN,NAVY][i]); text(s,x+.22,y+.25,3.25,.3,h,16,RED if i<2 else NAVY,True); text(s,x+.22,y+.7,3.25,.45,b,13,DARK) #12 s=add_slide('Eutrophication: when too many nutrients enter water','Excess nitrogen and phosphorus can trigger harmful algal blooms and oxygen depletion.') steps=[('1. Runoff','Fertiliser/sewage reaches water',ORANGE),('2. Bloom','Algae grow rapidly',GREEN),('3. Decay','Microbes decompose algae',TEAL),('4. Hypoxia','Oxygen falls; fish may die',RED)] for i,(h,b,c) in enumerate(steps): x=.65+i*3.15; rect(s,x,2.05,2.65,1.65,PALE,True); circle(s,x+.92,2.22,.75,c,str(i+1),16); text(s,x+.12,3.08,2.42,.25,h,16,c,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER); text(s,x+.12,3.42,2.42,.25,b,12,DARK,False,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) if i<3: arrow(s,x+2.68,2.85,x+3.08,2.85,BLUE) text(s,.85,5.1,11.5,.72,'Management focus: reduce nutrient sources at farms, homes, industries and wastewater systems.',19,NAVY,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) footer(s,'Source: US EPA, Nutrients and Harmful Algal Blooms research') #13 s=add_slide('Pollution pathways and ecological effects','Pollution can be direct (point source) or diffuse (nonpoint source).') rect(s,.75,1.75,5.4,3.95,PALE,True); text(s,1.05,2.05,4.8,.3,'Sources',20,NAVY,True); bullet(s,1.05,2.62,4.65,['Industrial discharge and untreated sewage','Farm fertilisers, pesticides and sediment runoff','Urban stormwater, oils, litter and microplastics','Oil spills and discarded fishing gear'],15) rect(s,7.15,1.75,5.4,3.95,PALE,True); text(s,7.45,2.05,4.8,.3,'Effects',20,NAVY,True); bullet(s,7.45,2.62,4.65,['Toxicity and bioaccumulation','Algal blooms and hypoxia','Reduced biodiversity and habitat quality','Food-web disruption and unsafe water'],15) arrow(s,6.25,3.7,7.02,3.7,RED) footer(s,'Source: NOAA, Watersheds, Flooding, and Pollution') #14 s=add_slide('Conservation and restoration','Effective protection combines prevention, ecosystem restoration, monitoring and community action.') actions=[('Prevent at source','Treat wastewater; reduce plastics and toxic releases.'),('Manage watersheds','Use buffer strips, erosion control and sustainable farming.'),('Protect habitats','Conserve wetlands, mangroves, reefs and river corridors.'),('Use resources sustainably','Science-based fishing limits and protected areas.'),('Monitor and enforce','Track water quality, biodiversity and pollution sources.'),('Engage communities','Education, clean-ups and local stewardship.')] for i,(h,b) in enumerate(actions): x=.65+(i%3)*4.2; y=1.65+(i//3)*2.1; rect(s,x,y,3.75,1.6,PALE,True); circle(s,x+.22,y+.25,.55,[GREEN,TEAL,BLUE,ORANGE,NAVY,RED][i],'✓',15); text(s,x+.92,y+.22,2.55,.25,h,15,NAVY,True); text(s,x+.25,y+.78,3.15,.48,b,12,DARK) #15 s=add_slide('What can students and citizens do?','Small actions are most effective when they reduce pollution before it reaches a drain, stream or coast.') steps=['Use reusable bottles, bags and containers.','Never pour oil, paint, medicines or chemicals into drains.','Use fertilisers carefully and avoid overwatering gardens.','Join river, lake or beach clean-ups and report pollution.','Choose sustainably caught seafood where relevant.','Support wetland and watershed protection in your community.'] for i,st in enumerate(steps): y=1.55+i*.78; circle(s,.85,y,.42,TEAL,str(i+1),11); text(s,1.48,y+.03,10.6,.31,st,16,DARK) #16 s=add_slide('Key takeaways','Aquatic ecosystems are connected systems that need informed stewardship.') keys=['Water quality and habitat condition determine which organisms can survive.','Biodiversity depends on balanced food webs, oxygen, nutrients and suitable physical conditions.','Land-based activities can affect streams, rivers, wetlands, estuaries and oceans.','Conservation works best when pollution is prevented and whole watersheds are managed.'] for i,k in enumerate(keys): y=1.75+i*.92; rect(s,.85,y,11.55,.63,[PALE,AQUA,PALE,AQUA][i],True); text(s,1.1,y+.16,10.95,.27,k,16,NAVY,True) #17 s=add_slide('References and further reading','Selected authoritative sources used in this presentation.') refs=['NOAA. “Watersheds, flooding, and pollution.” https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/freshwater/watersheds-flooding-and-pollution','US EPA. “Water Research.” https://www.epa.gov/water-research','UNEP. World Water Quality Assessment report. https://wesr.unep.org/media/docs/assessments/unep_wwqa_report_web.pdf','Environmental Studies class notes: use local case studies and water-quality data to extend discussion.'] bullet(s,.85,1.75,11.4,refs,14) text(s,.85,5.55,11.4,.55,'Discussion prompt: Which aquatic ecosystem near you faces the greatest pressure, and what could reduce it?',19,TEAL,True,PP_ALIGN.CENTER) out='/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies.pptx' prs.save(out) print(out) ''') PY python "/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/src/create_deck.py" && ls -lh "/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies.pptx"

python - <<'PY' from pptx import Presentation p='/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies.pptx' prs=Presentation(p) print('slides',len(prs.slides)) for i,s in enumerate(prs.slides,1): texts=[sh.text.strip().replace('\n',' | ') for sh in s.shapes if getattr(sh,'has_text_frame',False) and sh.text.strip()] print(i, len(s.shapes), texts[0] if texts else 'EMPTY') PY

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python-pptx font size all text shapes presentation documentation

~/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output

python - <<'PY' from pptx import Presentation from pptx.util import Pt src='/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies.pptx' out='/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies_24pt.pptx' prs=Presentation(src) changed=0 for slide in prs.slides: for shape in slide.shapes: if not shape.has_text_frame: continue for para in shape.text_frame.paragraphs: for run in para.runs: run.font.size=Pt(24) changed+=1 prs.save(out) print(f'Saved {out}; updated {changed} text runs across {len(prs.slides)} slides.') # reopen verification check=Presentation(out) sizes=[] for slide in check.slides: for shape in slide.shapes: if shape.has_text_frame: for p in shape.text_frame.paragraphs: for r in p.runs: if r.text.strip(): sizes.append(round(r.font.size.pt,1) if r.font.size else None) print('sizes:', sorted(set(sizes)), 'runs:',len(sizes)) PY ls -lh "/tmp/workspace/aquatic-ecosystems-ppt/output/Aquatic_Ecosystems_Environmental_Studies_24pt.pptx"